Predictive study of academic stress with the irritable bowel syndrome in medicine students at a public university in Mexico.

BACKGROUND: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder associated with stress, which may appear by an educational context, given that students are exposed to demands in the academic environment during their education process that may lead to developing diseases. This study reports on the relationship between the IBS and academic stress and compares results of men and women. METHODS: A random survey was made of 561 medicine students at a public university in Mexico. The ROMA III criteria were used for the IBS and the Academic Stress Inventory for academic stress. A multiple regression analysis was made. RESULTS: The results showed that students with academic overload and lack of time are at risk for developing the IBS. CONCLUSIONS: Therefore, the recommendation is to implement educational programs aiming at self-care as well as gaining knowledge about academic stress-related factors and the physical responses that may result in repercussions with serious consequences for student life such as pain, disease and dropping out of school.

Psychophysiological Manifestations Associated With Stress in Students of a Public University in Mexico.

PROBLEM: Academic stress is defined as a physiological, emotional, cognitive, and behavioral activation reaction to stimuli. This stress can impact students' ability to cope with the school environment. OBJECTIVE: To identify the psychophysiological manifestations associated with high-level academic stress in public university students in Mexico. METHODS: A representative random sampling of 527 students was evaluated during 2012. The Academic Stress Symptom Inventory and the Rossi classification were used; data were analyzed with a binary logistic regression analysis to estimate association between psychophysiological manifestations and the high level of academic stress in public university students. FINDINGS: Results indicated a meaningful association between high levels of academic stress situations and psychophysiological manifestations such as concentration and memory problems, mental blocks and chronic fatigue, drowsiness, and despair. CONCLUSION: Identifying academic stress situations and students' maladaptive responses may help promote timely attention to psychophysiological manifestations before they exacerbate and become harmful to college students' health.

Estado nutricional y carencias de micronutrientes en la dieta de adolescentes escolarizados de la Zona Metropolitana de Guadalajara, Jalisco

Las deficiencias de micronutrientes son una parte importante, del más amplio y serio problema de la malnutrición. La adolescencia constituye una etapa de gran riesgo nutricional debido al aumento de necesidades, cambios de hábitos alimentarios y posibles situaciones de riesgo. Existe evidencia documentada de deficiencia de micro nutrimentos entre la población de México. El objetivo del trabajo fue determinar el estado nutricional del adolescente escolarizado y la ingestión de micronutrientes en su dieta. La muestra estuvo conformada por 307 adolescentes. Se analizó la composición corporal a través de indicadores antropométricos. Para determinar la ingestión de micro nutrimentos se utilizó el recordatorio de 24 horas y el software Mexfoods. Los porcentajes que indican una ingestión adecuada se clasificaron según los siguientes puntos de corte: debajo de los requerimientos mínimos, cuando la ingesta fue <50%; cubren requerimientos mínimos ≥50% y <75%; y exceden requerimientos mínimos cuando fue ≥75%. El IMC indicó que el 21.8 % de estudiantes de ambos sexos presentaron desnutrición mientras que la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad fue del 27.9%. Los resultados de la ingestión de micro nutrimentos indicaron deficiencias significativas en hierro (p = 0.002), zinc (p= 0.000) y calcio (p = 0.002). Las vitaminas del complejo B fueron las que presentaron menores porcentajes de insuficiencias. Se identificó que la dieta de los adolescentes presenta carencias significativas de micro nutrimentos y siendo las mujeres las que resultaron con mayores deficiencias. Urge establecer estrategias destinadas a reducir los problemas derivados del déficit en la alimentación de los adolescentes.

Nutritional state and shortcoming of micronutrients on schooled youth's diet on the metropolitan zone of Guadalajara Jalisco. The adolescence is a stage of high nutritional risk due to the increased requirements, changes in eating habits and potential risk. There are documented evidence of micronutrient deficiency among the population of Mexico.To evaluate the nutritional status and micronutrient deficiencies in the diet of adolescents. The sample consisted of 307 adolescents. We analyzed the body composition by using anthropometric indicators. To determine the intake of micronutrients, the 24 hours reminder and software Mexfoods were used. The percentages that indicate adequate intake were classified according to the following breakpoints: Below minimum requirements, when intake was <50%; minimum requirements covered ≥ 50% and <75%; and exceed minimum requirements when it was ≥ 75 %. The BMI indicated that 21.8% of students of both sexes showed malnutrition and the prevalence of overweight and obesity was 27.9%. The micronutrient intake results indicated significant deficiencies in iron (p = 0.002), zinc (p = 0.000) and calcium (p = 0.002). The B-complex vitamins were those that had lower failure rates. We identified that the diet of adolescents has significant micronutrient deficiencies and that adolescent girls resulted with the major deficiencies. It is urgent to develop strategies, to reduce the problems of food deficit in adolescents.

[Nutritional state and shortcoming of micronutrients on schooled youth's diet on the metropolitan zone of Guadalajara Jalisco]. / Estado nutricional y carencias de micronutrientes en la dieta de adolescentes escolarizados de la Zona Metropolitana de Guadalajara, Jalisco.

The adolescence is a stage of high nutritional risk due to the increased requirements, changes in eating habits and potential risk. There are documented evidence of micronutrient deficiency among the population of Mexico. To evaluate the nutritional status and micronutrient deficiencies in the diet of adolescents. The sample consisted of 307 adolescents. We analyzed the body composition by using anthropometric indicators. To determine the intake of micronutrients, the 24 hours reminder and software Mexfoods were used. The percentages that indicate adequate intake were classified according to the following breakpoints: Below minimum requirements, when intake was < 50%; minimum requirements covered > or = 50% and < 75%; and exceed minimum requirements when it was > or = 75%. The BMI indicated that 21.8% of students of both sexes showed malnutrition and the prevalence of overweight and obesity was 27.9%. The micronutrient intake results indicated significant deficiencies in iron (p = 0.002), zinc (p = 0.000) and calcium (p = 0.002). The B-complex vitamins were those that had lower failure rates. We identified that the diet of adolescents has significant micronutrient deficiencies and that adolescent girls resulted with the major deficiencies. It is urgent to develop strategies, to reduce the problems of food deficit in adolescents.

La prematurez y sus repercusiones en el crecimiento y desarrollo del niño, en la Zona Metropolitana de Guadalajara, Jalisco, México / Premature birth and its repercussions on growth and development in Guadalajara, Jalisco, México

Tiene por objetivo conocer las repercusiones de la prematurez en el crecimiento y desarrollo del niño, para lo cual se hace un seguimiento de niños nacidos en hospitales de la Zona Metropolitana de Guadalajara, Jalisco, México, de los más representativos del Sistema de Atención Médica en México. Estos niños fueron seguidos con evaluaciones semestrales, tanto en lo que se refere al estado nutricional (crecimiento), como al desarrollo (Prueba Selectiva de Denver). El análisis de los resultados se realiza con la consideración de las clases sociales, como categorías determinantes, para ubicar posteriormente a la prematurez como variable dependiente. Los resultados sugieren que tanto la prematurez como las clases sociales son aspectos que, en Salud Pública, deben ser considerados en el momento de planificar las acciones de atención a la salud.