ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Autologous serum eye drops, produced by separation of liquid and cellular components of the patient's blood, contain biological nutrients present in natural tears. The aim of this study was to analyse changes in conjunctival impression cytology with transfer and both lachrymal stability and flow tests in patients with dry eye disease after treatment with autologous serum eye drops. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Conjunctival impression cytology and lachrymal flow and stability tests, namely Schirmer's and tear break-up time, were prospectively studied in patients with dry eye disease before and 1 month after treatment with autologous serum eye drops. RESULTS: Twenty-four patients (23 women, mean age 53.8±12.6 years) were included in the study. Ten patients (41.7%) had moderate and six (25.0%) had severe dry eye disease. Five patients had rheumatoid arthritis. After treatment, the number and density of conjunctival goblet cells, their size, the size of their nuclei and the nucleus/cytoplasm ratio increased significantly (202.3±107.5 vs 210.1±100.9 cells/mm2, p<0.01). Seven of ten patients with grade 3 or 4 metaplasia had an improvement in the degree of metaplasia. Both Schirmer's test and tear break-up time improved significantly in this subgroup of patients. In the multivariate study, the increase in conjunctival goblet cells was associated with the number of goblet cells and the size of the cytoplasm at baseline. No adverse reactions were noted. DISCUSSION: Treatment with autologous serum eye drops for 1 month was well tolerated and improved tear production, lachrymal flow and stability tests and conjunctival impression cytology with transfer, increasing the density of the goblet cells.
Subject(s)
Dry Eye Syndromes/therapy , Ophthalmic Solutions/therapeutic use , Serum , Adult , Aged , Conjunctiva/cytology , Conjunctiva/metabolism , Dry Eye Syndromes/metabolism , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Ophthalmic Solutions/administration & dosage , Ophthalmic Solutions/metabolism , Serum/metabolism , Tears/metabolismABSTRACT
Introducción: la dopamina β-hidroxilasa cataliza la conversión de dopaminaen norepinefrina y es blanco promisorio de intervenciones farmacológicas.Polimorfismos del gen DβH son responsables de las diferencias individuales en el tono dopaminérgico y adrenérgico de los sistemas nervioso central y autónomo. Ya que las mutaciones defectuosas de la enzima y sus frecuencias varían entre las etnias, se justifican los estudios conducentes a la caracterización genotípica yfenotípica de la enzima en mestizos colombianos. Métodos: determinamos las frecuencias de los alelos -2073C>T, -970C>T, 444A>G y 1603C>T del gen DβH en 143 adultos sanos, rasgos mestizos, ambos sexos y no consanguíneos. La genotipificación se hizo por PCR-real time y minisecuenciación (SnaPshot).Resultados: las frecuencias de los genotipos polimórficos fueron: -2073C>T (CC 61,5%, CT 32,9%, TT 5,6%), -970C>T (CC 49,6%, CT 43,4, TT 7%) y 444A>G (AA 42%, AG 41,2%, GG 16,8%). Las tres mutaciones están en desequilibrio de ligamiento (D´=1) pero no se sustituyen mutuamente (r2<0,8). 15 personas (10,5%) tuvieron haplotipo de triple homocigoto nativo (CC/CC/AA). Conclusión: nuestras frecuencias alélicas se asemejan a las reportadas en otros grupos mestizos latinoamericanos.
Introduction: dopamine P- hidroxylase catalyzes the conversion of dopamine to norepinephrine and it is a promising target for pharmacological inventions. DPH gene polymorphisms are responsible for individual differences in dopaminergic and adrenergic tone of the central and autonomic nervous systems. Since defective enzyme mutations and their frequencies vary among ethnic groups, it is justify the studies leading to the genotypic and phenotypic characterization of the enzyme in Colombian mestizos.Methods: we determined the frequencies of the alleles -2073C>T, -970C>T, 444A>G and 1603C>T DfiH gene in 143 healthy adults, mestizo features, both sexes and nonconsanguineous. PCR-real time and minisequencing (SnaPshot) tecnhiques were used for the genotyping.Results: the frequencies of polymorphic genotypes were: -2073C>T (CC 61,5%, CT 32,9%, TT 5,6%), -970C>T (CC 49,6%, CT 43,4, TT 7%) and 444A>G (AA 42%, AG 41,2%, GG 16,8%).The three alleles are in linkage disequilibrium (D'=1) but they do not replace each other (r2<0,8). 15 people (10,5%) had the homozygous triple native haplotype (CC/CC/AA).Conclusion: our allelic frequencies are similar to those reported in other Latin American mestizo groups.
Introdução: a dopamina P-hidroxilasa catalisa a conversão de dopamina em norepinefrina e é alvo promissor de intervenções farmacológicas. Polimorfismos do gene DfiH são responsavéis pelas diferenças individuais no tom dopaminérgico e adrenérgico dos sistemas nervoso central e autonomo. Como as mutações defeituosas da enzima e suas frequências variam entre as etnias, se justificam os estudos conduzentes à caracterização da e fenotípica da enzima en mestiços colombianos.Métodos: determinamos as frequencias alelos -2073C>T, -970C>T, 444A>G e 1603C>T do gene DfiH em 143 adultos sãos, traços mestiços, ambos sexos e não consanguíneos. A genotipificação se fez por PCR-real time e minisequência (SnaPshot).Resultados: as frequências dos genotipos polimórficos foram: -2073C>T (CC 61,5%, CT 32,9%, TT 5,6%), -970C>T (CC 49,6%, CT 43,4, TT 7%) e 444A>G (AA 42%, AG 41,2%, GG 16,8%). As três mutações estão em desiquilibrio de ligamiento (D'=1) mas não se substituem mutuamente (r2<0,8). 15 pessoas (10,5%) tiveram haplotipo de triple homocigoto nativo (CC/CC/AA).Conclusão: nossas frequências alélicas se assemelham às lembradas em outros grupos mestiças latino-americanos.
