Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 7 de 7
Filter
1.
Chemosphere ; 181: 682-689, 2017 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28476008

ABSTRACT

Vector-borne diseases have increased pesticide use in urban areas (UA) and agricultural areas (AA) in Mexico. Breast milk can be contaminated by pesticide exposure. The objective of the study was to measure breast milk intake by deuterium oxide dilution as well as organochlorine and pyrethroid transfer from mother to infant in AA and UA of Sonora, Mexico. Human milk intake was determined by the 'dose-to-mother' technique using deuterium oxide (D2O) dilution. Mothers' body composition was also assessed by this technique and the intercept method. Pyrethroids (deltamethrin, cypermethrin and cyhalothrin) and organochlorine pesticide residues (p,p'- DDT, p,p'- DDE, p,p'- DDD) in breast milk samples were measured by gas chromatography. Sixty-two lactating women and their infants participated in the study, 32 lived in the UA and 30 lived in the AA. Breast milk intake was approximately 100 mL higher in the AA than in the UA 799 ± 193 and 707 ± 201 mL/day, respectively (p < 0.05). The concentrations of p,p'- DDT and cypermethrin levels in breast milk were higher in the UA than in the AA (p < 0.05 and p = 0.001, respectively). None of the pyrethroids and organochlorine pesticides studied surpassed the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) in milk for humans according to EPA and FAO/WHO. In conclusion, breast milk intake was higher in the AA compared to the UA. The p,p'- DDT and cypermethrin levels in breast milk were higher in the UA compared to the AA. Since pesticide levels in human milk did not exceed the ADI, breastfeeding is still a safe practice and should be encouraged.


Subject(s)
Breast Feeding/adverse effects , Deuterium Oxide/pharmacokinetics , Milk, Human/chemistry , Pesticides/analysis , Adult , Agriculture , Chromatography, Gas , Female , Humans , Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/analysis , Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/pharmacokinetics , Infant , Mexico , Mothers , Pesticides/pharmacokinetics , Pyrethrins/analysis , Pyrethrins/pharmacokinetics , Young Adult
2.
Cir Cir ; 85(1): 27-33, 2017.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27422801

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Infection by Helicobacter pylori (H. pilory) affects 50% of the world population. Simple methods for its detection are now available. OBJECTIVES: To identify H. pylori by using a monoclonal coproantigen technique in paediatric patients, and to determine its association with gastrointestinal diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included a total of 110 subjects aged 1 to 18 years. The study variables included: Family history of gastrointestinal disease, age, gender, gastrointestinal symptoms, as well as apparently healthy (asymptomatic) subjects. The monoclonal coproantigen test was performed on stool samples. Two groups, I symptomatic (n=29), and II asymptomatic (n=81) were compared using parametric and non-parametric statistics. RESULTS: Of the 110 patients, 59 (54%) were male. The relationship between a family history of gastritis and a positive for H. pylori, was significant for mothers (p<0.0005), fathers (p<0.0001), and paternal grandfathers (p<0.0001). It was significant for gastric cancer in maternal grandparents (p<0.0178) and paternal grandparents (p<0.0092). The monoclonal coproantigen test was positive in 31 (28.2%) of the subjects. All were positive in group I, and only 2 in group II. A significant positive association was observed between H. pylori and various signs and symptoms, such as epigastric pain (p<0.001), recurrent peri-umbilical pain (p<0.001), bloating (p=0.016), heartburn (p=0.0007), nausea (P=0.0061), diarrhoea (p=0.0389), and constipation (p=0.0019). CONCLUSIONS: H. pylori detection, was positive in 28% of both groups, and showed significant relationships with family gastrointestinal diseases and gastrointestinal symptoms.


Subject(s)
Antigens, Bacterial/analysis , Feces/chemistry , Gastrointestinal Diseases/etiology , Helicobacter Infections/diagnosis , Helicobacter pylori/isolation & purification , Immunoassay/methods , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Family Health , Female , Gastritis/epidemiology , Gastritis/microbiology , Helicobacter Infections/complications , Helicobacter Infections/epidemiology , Helicobacter pylori/immunology , Humans , Infant , Male , Parents , Stomach Neoplasms/etiology , Symptom Assessment
3.
Nutr Hosp ; 32(6): 2855-61, 2015 Dec 01.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26667744

ABSTRACT

Currently, bone distances are used to predict standing height in adults that might not be able to achieve a correct standing position. Knee length based algorithms for estimating standing height have been proposed and designed for specific populations. However, equations for other populations may not necessarily reflect environmental and genetic factors for the group of interest. The aim of this study was to develop and validate predictive models for standing height in Mexican adults. For this purpose, 240 male and female adults aged 20 to 59 years, with no apparent spine problems were measured. We measured weight, height and knee length, using an anthropometer of our own design and a glass fiber metric measuring tape. A predictive model for each measuring instrument was developed. Model selection and development of equations were carried out by "all possible regressions and multiple regression" procedures. The predictive models for standing height by the anthropometer and by the measuring tape did not show significant differences between measured and estimated height. The R2 for the two models were 0.93 and 0.92, with a standard error of the estimator (EE) of 2.30 and 2.40 cm, for the anthropometer and the measuring tape, respectively. Both methods were acceptable in terms of concordance, accuracy and precision; however, at very high and low predicted height values, both models showed significant bias, which should be considered when applying these algorithms in different populations.


Actualmente las distancias óseas se utilizan para predecir la talla en adultos que no pueden tener una adecuada bipedestación o no cumplen con la posición adecuada para la obtención de la talla. Existen algoritmos para la estimación de la talla basados en la longitud rodilla-talón, diseñados para poblaciones específicas; sin embargo, existen poblaciones que aún no cuentan con esta herramienta, por lo que se usan ecuaciones ya existentes, que no necesariamente reflejan los factores genético-ambientales para la población de interés. El objetivo de este estudio fue desarrollar y validar modelos predictivos para la talla de pie en adultos mexicanos, con antropómetro de diseño propio y cinta métrica. Se midieron 240 adultos de 20 a 59 años, de ambos sexos, sin problemas aparentes en la columna vertebral. Se midió el peso, la talla de pie y la longitud rodilla-talón. Se desarrolló un modelo predictivo para cada instrumento de medición. La selección de modelos y el desarrollo de las ecuaciones se llevó a cabo mediante los métodos de "Todas las Regresiones Posibles" y "Regresión Múltiple". Se obtuvieron dos algoritmos que no mostraron diferencias significativas entre la talla medida y estimada tras un proceso de validación cruzada. Las R2 para los modelos fueron de 0,93 y 0,92, con un error estándar del estimador (EE) de 2,30 y 2,40 cm, para el antropómetro y la cinta respectivamente. Ambos métodos resultaron aceptables en términos de concordancia, exactitud y precisión. A tallas extremas (altas o bajas), ambos modelos presentaron sesgo, lo cual debe considerarse al aplicar estos algoritmos.


Subject(s)
Anthropometry/methods , Body Height , Knee/anatomy & histology , Adult , Aging , Anthropometry/instrumentation , Female , Humans , Male , Mexico , Middle Aged , Models, Anatomic , Posture , Reproducibility of Results , Young Adult
4.
Nutr Hosp ; 32(4): 1526-34, 2015 Oct 01.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26545513

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: the aim of this study was to compare an Intensive Lifestyle Intervention against Traditional Treatment for obesity management in the primary care setting. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: interventional randomized controlled study with participation of 42 obese adults. Subjects assigned to the Intensive Lifestyle Intervention received a validated behavior change protocol "Group Lifestyle Balance" in 12 sessions, weekly consultations by a nutritionist and meal replacements. Traditional Treatment consisted of monthly consultations with a nutritionist that provided nutritional assessment and physical activity. RESULTS: almost all study participants (97%) were measured after 3 months of intervention. Intensive Lifestyle Intervention and Traditional Treatment subjects showed the following changes in body weight: (Median [25-75th percentile]) (-4.7 kg [-6.5, -3.1]) vs. (+0.4 kg [-0.3, 1.3]). Sixty two percent of Intensive Lifestyle Intervention group participants lost more than 5 % body weight vs. 0 % in the traditional treatment group (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: this preliminary evidence showed that an Intensive Lifestyle Intervention can be an effective strategy for obesity management in the primary care setting.


Objetivo: comparar un Programa Intensivo de Cambio de Estilo de Vida con el Tratamiento Tradicional para el manejo de la obesidad en el primer nivel de atención. Sujetos y métodos: estudio de intervención aleatorizado controlado, en el que participaron 42 adultos con obesidad. Los sujetos asignados al Programa Intensivo de Cambio de Estilo de Vida recibieron un protocolo de cambio de conducta validado "Equilibrio de Estilo de Vida" en 12 sesiones, consultas semanales con un nutriólogo y remplazos de comidas. El Tratamiento Tradicional consistió en consultas mensuales con un nutriólogo que proporcionó orientación nutricional y de actividad física. Resultados: después de tres meses se midió al 97% de los participantes que iniciaron el estudio. Los sujetos del Programa Intensivo de Cambio de Estilo de Vida y del Tratamiento Tradicional mostraron los siguientes cambios en el peso corporal: (mediana [percentil 25-75]) (-4,7 kg [-6,5, -3,1]) vs. (+0,4 kg [-0,3, 1,3]). El 62% de los participantes del Programa Intensivo de Cambio de Estilo de Vida bajaron más de un 5% del peso corporal, contra el 0% en el grupo de Tratamiento Tradicional (p < 0,001). Conclusiones: este estudio es una evidencia preliminar de que un Programa Intensivo de Cambio de Estilo de Vida puede ser una alternativa efectiva para el tratamiento de la obesidad en el primer nivel de atención.


Subject(s)
Life Style , Obesity/therapy , Primary Health Care/methods , Adult , Body Mass Index , Feeding Behavior , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Nutrition Assessment , Weight Loss , Young Adult
5.
Nutr. hosp ; 32(4): 1526-1534, oct. 2015. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-143645

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: comparar un Programa Intensivo de Cambio de Estilo de Vida con el Tratamiento Tradicional para el manejo de la obesidad en el primer nivel de atención. Sujetos y métodos: estudio de intervención aleatorizado controlado, en el que participaron 42 adultos con obesidad. Los sujetos asignados al Programa Intensivo de Cambio de Estilo de Vida recibieron un protocolo de cambio de conducta validado «Equilibrio de Estilo de Vida» en 12 sesiones, consultas semanales con un nutriólogo y remplazos de comidas. El Tratamiento Tradicional consistió en consultas mensuales con un nutriólogo que proporcionó orientación nutricional y de actividad física. Resultados: después de tres meses se midió al 97% de los participantes que iniciaron el estudio. Los sujetos del Programa Intensivo de Cambio de Estilo de Vida y del Tratamiento Tradicional mostraron los siguientes cambios en el peso corporal: (mediana [percentil 25-75]) (-4,7 kg [-6,5, -3,1]) vs. (+0,4 kg [-0,3, 1,3]). El 62% de los participantes del Programa Intensivo de Cambio de Estilo de Vida bajaron más de un 5% del peso corporal, contra el 0% en el grupo de Tratamiento Tradicional (p < 0,001). Conclusiones: este estudio es una evidencia preliminar de que un Programa Intensivo de Cambio de Estilo de Vida puede ser una alternativa efectiva para el tratamiento de la obesidad en el primer nivel de atención (AU)


Objective: the aim of this study was to compare an Intensive Lifestyle Intervention against Traditional Treatment for obesity management in the primary care setting. Subjects and methods: interventional randomized controlled study with participation of 42 obese adults. Subjects assigned to the Intensive Lifestyle Intervention received a validated behavior change protocol «Group Lifestyle Balance» in 12 sessions, weekly consultations by a nutritionist and meal replacements. Traditional Treatment consisted of monthly consultations with a nutritionist that provided nutritional assessment and physical activity. Results: almost all study participants (97%) were measured after 3 months of intervention. Intensive Lifestyle Intervention and Traditional Treatment subjects showed the following changes in body weight: (Median [25-75th percentile]) (-4.7 kg [-6.5, -3.1]) vs. (+0.4 kg [-0.3, 1.3]). Sixty two percent of Intensive Lifestyle Intervention group participants lost more than 5 % body weight vs. 0 % in the traditional treatment group (p < 0.001). Conclusions: this preliminary evidence showed that an Intensive Lifestyle Intervention can be an effective strategy for obesity management in the primary care setting (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Obesity/therapy , Overweight/therapy , Body Weights and Measures/statistics & numerical data , Healthy People Programs/organization & administration , Life Style , Primary Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Evaluation of Results of Therapeutic Interventions
6.
Nutr Hosp ; 30(4): 876-82, 2014 Oct 01.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25335676

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in women in Mexico and also has the highest mortality. Although treatment has improved significantly, it can affect the nutritional status of the recipients. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the initial phase of antineoplastic therapy on the nutritional status in patients with breast cancer. METHODS: Forty subjects with primary diagnosed of invasive breast cancer were studied in a before and after intervention (six month apart) using a quasi-experimental design. Basal and six month after intervention measurements included were anthropometry, body composition by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), diet by 24-hour recall and food frequency questionnaire, as well as serum -carotene and retinol. The therapy effect was analyzed using repeated measurements mixed linear regression. RESULTS: Lean tissue decreased after the studied period (p=0.032). Addicionally, there was an interaction between weight, BMI and body fat parameters with menopausal status, increasing in these variables due to therapy only premenopausal patients (p=0.005, 0.006 and 0.001, respectively). Decreased serum retinol (p=0.049) despite the improvement in -carotene status (p=0.03). In general there was an increase the consumption of vegetables food products whilst a decrease in animal foods. CONCLUSION: The breast cancer antineoplastic treatment had a negative effect on weight and body fat, especially in young women. Although there were some positive dietary changes, vegetables consumption remained insufficient, which was also reflected in serum biomarkers.


Presentación: El cáncer de mama es el tipo de tumor más frecuentemente diagnosticado entre las mujeres de México y también el de más alta mortalidad. Aunque el tratamiento ha mejorado significativamente, puede afectar al estado nutricional del paciente. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio era evaluar el impacto de la fase inicial de la terapia antineoplásica sobre el estado nutricional en pacientes con cáncer de mama. Métodos: Cuarenta sujetos con diagnóstico primario de cáncer de mama invasivo fueron estudiados antes y después de la intervención (con seis meses de desfase) usando un diseño quasi-experimental. Las mediciones al inicio y seis meses después de la intervención incluyeron antropometría, composición corporal mediante absorciometría dual de rayos X (DEXA), cuestionario de recopilación de dieta en 24 horas y frecuencia de comidas, y suero beta-caroteno y retinol. El efecto de la terapia fue analizado empleando mediciones repetidas y regresión lineal mixta. Resultados: El tejido magro disminuyó tras el periodo de estudio (p=0.032). Además, se dio una interacción entre los parámetros de peso, IMC y grasa corporal con el estado de menopausia, aumentando en estas variables debido a la terapia solo en pacientes premenopáusicas (p=0.005, 0.006 y 0.001, respectivamente). Descenso de retinol sérico (p=0.049) a pesar de la mejoría en el estado de beta-caroteno (p=0.03). En general hubo un aumento en el consumo de verdura y un descenso de productos animales. Conclusión: El tratamiento antineoplásico del cáncer de mama tuvo un efecto negativo sobre el peso y la grasa corporal, especialmente en mujeres jóvenes. Aunque se observaron algunos cambios positivos en la dieta, el consumo de verdura siguió siendo insuficiente, lo que también se reflejó en los biomarcadores séricos.


Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy , Breast Neoplasms/physiopathology , Nutritional Status/drug effects , Adult , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Time Factors
7.
Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 43(1): 24-31, ene. 1986. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-32520

ABSTRACT

Se determinaron los valores de hemoglobina (Hb) y hematócrito (Hto) en niños sanos escolares (9 a 12 años) de la ciudad de Hermosillo, Sonora, a partir de un total de 797 niños (5 a 15 años) como muestra inicial. Se seleccionaron los que cumplían los siguientes requisitos: residencia de seis meses, porciento peso para la talla entre 90-110% de la media de Ramos-Galván, ausencia de antecedentes infecciosos y de sangrado en los dos meses previos, no antecedentes de recibir medicamentos 15 días antes, niveles de proteína sérica superior a 5.0 g/dl (50 g/l), hierro sérico superior a 50.0 microng/dl (8.955 micronmol/l), examen de orina normal, estudios de materia fecal para sangre oculta negativos y ausencia de parásitos. Quedaron 180 sujetos entre 9 y 12 años y se eliminaron 50 por no cumplir con alguna de las restricciones del protocolo; por lo tanto, se estudiaron 130, 64 del sexo masculino y 66 del femenino, quedando la muestra por arriba del 99% de confiabilidad y un error máximo del 1%. Después de la primera determinación de Hb y Hto, se suplementó con hierro, ácido fólico y vitamina B12 durante 4 semanas; posteriormente, se determinó Hb y Hb nuevamente. No se encontró diferencia significativa (p <0.01) con respecto a los iniciales. El valor medio de Hb y Hto fue de 13.4 g/dl (8.316 mmol/l) y 41% respectivamente


Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Male , Female , Erythrocyte Indices , Health Status , Hematocrit/analysis , Hemoglobins/analysis , Folic Acid/administration & dosage , Iron/administration & dosage , Reference Values , Socioeconomic Factors , Vitamin B 12/administration & dosage
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...