ABSTRACT
Objective: To assess the construct validity and reliability of the Trabajo en Equipo en Cirugía (TECS) questionnaire. Method: The questionnaire was administered to 401 undergraduate students who were doing surgery practices at three universities. An exploratory factor analysis was performed on the first 200 observations, and a confirmatory factor analysis on the remaining ones. The reliability of the instrument was established with Cronbach's alpha. Results: The average age of the study population was 22 years (± 1.4) and 65.5% were women. The factors "Student's disposition towards teamwork", "Structure of the work environment" and "Leadership and collaboration in the work team" showed excellent internal consistency with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.94. The results in the exploratory factor analysis showed adequate goodness of fit with the empirical data. Conclusions: The TECS is a valid (content and construct) and reliable instrument to assess the quality of teamwork in surgery in medical students.
Objetivo: Realizar la validación de constructo y el análisis de confiabilidad del cuestionario Trabajo en Equipo en Cirugía (TECS). Método: El cuestionario se aplicó a 401 estudiantes de pregrado que cursaban prácticas en cirugía en tres universidades. Sobre las primeras 200 observaciones se realizó un análisis factorial exploratorio, y sobre las restantes un análisis factorial confirmatorio. La confiabilidad del instrumento fue establecida con el alfa de Cronbach. Resultados: La edad promedio de la población en estudio fue de 22 años (± 1.4) y el 65.5% eran mujeres. Los factores «Disposición del estudiante hacia el trabajo en equipo¼, «Estructura del ambiente de trabajo¼ y «Liderazgo y colaboración en el equipo de trabajo¼ mostraron una excelente consistencia interna, con un alfa de Cronbach de 0.94. Los resultados en el análisis factorial exploratorio mostraron una adecuada bondad de ajuste con los datos empíricos. Conclusiones: El TECS es un instrumento válido (contenido y constructo) y confiable para evaluar la calidad del trabajo en equipo en cirugía en estudiantes de medicina.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The evidence for simulation in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is limited. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to review the effectiveness of simulation in endoscopist training in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with emphasis on the successful cannulation of the bile duct, as well as on the cannulation time and performance evaluation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic review was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science, from 1970 to June 2021. Randomized clinical studies comparing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography simulated training versus traditional training were included. RESULTS: 4 studies were included, with a total of 80 participants and 1,475 procedures. The odds ratio (OR) for successful bile duct cannulation with the use of simulation was 2.12 (95% CI, 1.60-2.81) and the mean time to cannulation was shorter compared to traditional training (p<0.001). Two studies found a better score in the global performance of endoscopists with simulated training (OR: 1.86 (95% CI 1.29-2.7)) and (OR2.98 (95% CI, 1.38-6.43). CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography simulation can improve the performance of endoscopists in terms of time and successful bile duct cannulation.