Parents' cardiovascular risk factors are related to overweight and obesity in young Brazilians with type 1 diabetes.

AIM: To identify family background characteristics and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors linked to overweight and obesity in Brazilian with type 1 diabetes (T1D). METHODS: We performed cross-sectional anthropometric and laboratory analyses in young individuals with T1D. RESULTS: Among 181 participants, 87 were women and 94 were men (64%/78% normal weight, 27%/15% overweight and 9%/7% obese). Obese men were older; were more likely to be Black; had higher triglyceride levels and diastolic blood pressure (BP), lower estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) and higher prevalence of first-degree relatives (FDR) with hypertension and early CVD. Overweight and obese women were more likely to have lower eGDR, and obese women were more likely to have FDR with obesity. CONCLUSION: One third of young people with T1D were overweight or obese. Excess weight was associated with family history (FH) of obesity for women and FH of early CVD or hypertension for men. BMI was related to decreased insulin sensitivity in both genders, but only men with T1D had metabolic impairment. Our data highlight the importance of considering family background in individuals with T1D.

Relationship between short and long-term glycemic variability and oxidative stress in type 1 diabetes mellitus under daily life insulin treatment.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the heterogeneity of the association between glycemic variability and oxidative stress markers in T1DM patients under daily life insulin treatment. METHODS: We studied, in a cross-sectional analysis, 76 T1DM patients without clinical chronic diabetes complications and 22 healthy individuals. Were evaluated the short-term glycemic variability (STGV), long-term glycemic variability (LTGV), oxidative stress markers [8-isoprostaglandin-F2α (Ur-8-iso-PGF2α), nitric oxide (NO), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and erythrocytes reduced/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG)] and biochemical dosages (glycaemia, HbA1c, lipidogram, albuminuria). RESULTS: Plasmatic NO was positively associated with LTGV (last year average of HbA1c) (8.7 ± 1.6% or 71 ± 18 mmol) (rS: 0.278; p: 0.042). Plasmatic TBARS, erythrocytes GSH/GSSH and Ur-8-iso-PGF-2α didn't show correlation with glycemic variability. GSH/GSSG was inversely correlated with LDL-cholesterol (rS: - 0.417; p: 0.047) and triglycerides (rS: -0.521; p: 0.013). Albuminuria was positive correlated with age (rS: 0.340; p: 0.002), plasmatic NO (rS: 0.267; p 0.049) and TBARS (rS: 0.327; p: 0.015). CONCLUSION: In daily life insulin treatment, young T1DM patients have higher plasmatic NO than healthy subjects. However, the correlation between glycemic variability and oxidative stress markers is heterogeneous. Lipid profile and albuminuria are associated with different oxidative stress markers. These data collaborate to explain the controversial results in this issue.

Glycemic Variability, Oxidative Stress, and Impact on Complications Related to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Chronic hyperglycemia is an established risk factor for the development of complications in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, but glycemic variability has emerged as a possible independent risk factor for diabetes complications, possibly through oxidative stress. In this review, methods to access glycemic variability and oxidative stress, as well as their correlations, are discussed. Non-pharmacological and pharmacological strategies are also debated to achieve better glycemic control, not only by HbA1c target but also with reduced glycemic fluctuations, possibly minimizing the risk of diabetes complications.

Relationship between short and long-term glycemic variability and oxidative stress in type 1 diabetes mellitus under daily life insulin treatment

ABSTRACT Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the heterogeneity of the association between glycemic variability and oxidative stress markers in T1DM patients under daily life insulin treatment. Subjects and methods: We studied, in a cross-sectional analysis, 76 T1DM patients without clinical chronic diabetes complications and 22 healthy individuals. Were evaluated the short-term glycemic variability (STGV), long-term glycemic variability (LTGV), oxidative stress markers [8-isoprostaglandin-F2α (Ur-8-iso-PGF2α), nitric oxide (NO), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and erythrocytes reduced/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG)] and biochemical dosages (glycaemia, HbA1c, lipidogram, albuminuria). Results: Plasmatic NO was positively associated with LTGV (last year average of HbA1c) (8.7 ± 1.6% or 71 ± 18 mmol) (rS: 0.278; p: 0.042). Plasmatic TBARS, erythrocytes GSH/GSSH and Ur-8-iso-PGF-2α didn't show correlation with glycemic variability. GSH/GSSG was inversely correlated with LDL-cholesterol (rS: - 0.417; p: 0.047) and triglycerides (rS: −0.521; p: 0.013). Albuminuria was positive correlated with age (rS: 0.340; p: 0.002), plasmatic NO (rS: 0.267; p 0.049) and TBARS (rS: 0.327; p: 0.015). Conclusion: In daily life insulin treatment, young T1DM patients have higher plasmatic NO than healthy subjects. However, the correlation between glycemic variability and oxidative stress markers is heterogeneous. Lipid profile and albuminuria are associated with different oxidative stress markers. These data collaborate to explain the controversial results in this issue.

Dislipidemias / Dyslipidemias

Este artigo discute os principais aspectos do diagnóstíco e tratamento das dislipidemias. Os autores chamam à atenção para a importância da história clínica e exame físico na identificação dos fatores de risco para doença cardiovascular, hábitos alimentares e pre- sença ou ausência de medicamentos e doenças que podem causar dislipidemias secundárias. Após análise do perfil lipídico do paciente, os autores mostram como estabelecer as metas terapêuticas baseadas nas III Diretrizes do Programa Nacional de Educação em Colesterol, utilizando medidas não farmacológicas e farmacológícas para prevenção da doença aterosclerótica.

Apoptose e sistema complemento: mecanismos participantes da neurodegeneracao na doenca de Huntington / Apoptosis and complement system: participating mechanisms in Huntington's disease neurodegeneration

A doenca de Huntington (DH) e uma patologia neurodegenerativa de heranca autossomica dominante, que, geralmente, tem inicio nas terceiras e quarta decadas de vida. Atinge homens e...

Internet e Medicina: estudo transversal do perfil de utilização de alunos e professores da Faculdade de Medicina do ABC / Internet and medicine: transversal study of the propile of use of pupils and professors of the College of Medicine of the ABC

A fim de verificar a prevalência de uso da Internet, bem como frequência e objetivos dessa utilização, conduzimos um estudo transversal em uma amostra composta por 150 alunos do curso de medicina da Faculdade de Medicina do ABC e 20 professores da mesma faculdade. Um estudo piloto foi realizado a fim de determinar um protocolo definitivo a ser aplicado na pesquisa. Nesta fase foram entrevistados 20 alunos do segundo ano do curso de medicina. Após definir o protocolo foi aplicado um questionário na amostra abordada. São apresentadas as prevalências do uso da Internet, distribuição dos objetivos de uso e distribuição da frequência de acesso a rede entre alunos e professores. Apresenta-se também a reação dos entrevistados diante de uma situação hipotética, na qual a internet interfere na relação médico-paciente.