ABSTRACT
Protein kinases constitute attractive therapeutic targets for development of new prototypes to treat different chronic diseases. Several available drugs, like tinibs, are tyrosine kinase inhibitors; meanwhile, inhibitors of serine/threonine kinases, such as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), are still trying to overcome some problems in one of the steps of clinical development to become drugs. So, here we reported the synthesis, the in vitro kinase inhibitory profile, docking studies, and the evaluation of anti-inflammatory profile of new naphthyl-N-acylhydrazone derivatives using animal models. Although all tested compounds (3a-d) have been characterized as p38α MAPK inhibitors and have showed in vivo anti-inflammatory action, LASSBio-1824 (3b) presented the best performance as p38α MAPK inhibitor, with IC50 = 4.45 µm, and also demonstrated to be the most promising anti-inflammatory prototype, with good in vivo anti-TNF-α profile after oral administration.
Subject(s)
Anti-Inflammatory Agents/chemistry , Hydrazones/chemistry , Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 14/antagonists & inhibitors , Protein Kinase Inhibitors/chemistry , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/antagonists & inhibitors , Administration, Oral , Animals , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/metabolism , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/pharmacology , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Binding Sites , Cell Movement/drug effects , Drug Design , Humans , Hydrazones/metabolism , Hydrazones/pharmacology , Hydrazones/therapeutic use , Hydrogen Bonding , Inflammation/chemically induced , Inflammation/drug therapy , Inflammation/veterinary , Inhibitory Concentration 50 , Leukocytes/cytology , Leukocytes/drug effects , Leukocytes/metabolism , Mice , Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 14/metabolism , Molecular Docking Simulation , Protein Kinase Inhibitors/metabolism , Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology , Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Protein Structure, Tertiary , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolismABSTRACT
Inhibitor of nuclear factor κB kinase 2 (IKK2) is suggested to be a potential target for the development of novel anti-inflammatory and anticancer drugs. In this work, we applied structure-based drug design to improve the potency of the inhibitor (E)-N'-(4-nitrobenzylidene)-2-naphthohydrazide (LASSBio-1524, 1 a: IC50 =20 µm). The molecular model built for IKK2 together with the docking methodology employed were able to provide important and consistent information with respect to the structural and chemical inhibitor characteristics that may confer potency to IKK2 inhibitors, providing important guidelines for the development of a new N-acylhydrazone (NAH) derivative. (E)-N'-(4-(1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-4-yl)benzylidene)-2-naphthohydrazide hydrochloride (LASSBio-1829 hydrochloride, 10) is a 7-azaindole NAH able to inhibit IKK2 with an IC50 value of 3.8 µm. LASSBio-1829 hydrochloride was found to be active in several pharmacological inflammation tests in vivo, showing its potential as an anti-inflammatory prototype.
