ABSTRACT
Background: The family members of intensive care unit (ICU) patients play a crucial role in modern ICUs. These individuals are predisposed to the development of post-intensive care syndrome in family members (PICS-F), a syndrome experienced by family members of ICU patients in response to critical illness and characterised by new or worsening psychological symptoms. This study sought to evaluate the levels of anxiety and depression exhibited by the family members of patients hospitalised in the ICU. It also aimed to identify the risk factors associated with the experience of PICS-F, which should assist with its prevention in the future. Methods: The study sample comprised 164 ICU patients and their family members. Sociodemographic data were gathered at the time of ICU admission and 3 months after discharge, and the family members were screened for emotional distress using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Comparison tests were used to test for an association between family/patient characteristics and a positive HADS score. In addition, a multivariable logistic regression model was constructed to identify the independent factors associated with a positive HADS score. Results: Emotional distress was identified in 24% of the family members 3 months after their relatives had been discharged from the ICU. A number of personal traits were found to be associated with emotional distress in the family members, namely unemployment (p = .008), smoking/drinking habits (p = .036) and personal history of psychopathology (p = .045). In the multiple logistic regression analyses, only unemployment was found to be an independent factor associated with both anxiety and depression in the family members (OR = 2.74, CI 95%: 1.09-6.93). No association was found between the patients' characteristics and emotional distress in the family members. Conclusions: The findings of this study indicate an association between emotional distress in the family members of ICU patients and their personal traits, thereby building on the prior literature by suggesting that patient characteristics are less pertinent to the experience of PICS-F. Unemployment may represent a meaningful risk factor for emotional distress in family members (a potential marker of PICS-F), given its relationship with family members' positive HADS scores post-ICU discharge. These findings should influence preventative strategies concerning PICS-F by illustrating the need to assess family characteristics and demographics early in a patient's ICU stay and, consequently, allowing for the early identification of at-risk individuals and the prompt implementation of adequate support services.
ABSTRACT
RESUMO Objetivos: Avaliar a satisfação dos doentes internados em uma unidade de cuidado intensivo com o diário e analisar possíveis pontos de melhoria deste instrumento. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo observacional, decorrido entre março de 2014 e julho de 2017, em uma unidade de cuidado intensivo polivalente de um hospital distrital. Foi iniciado o diário em doentes sedados por 3 ou mais dias. Depois de 3 meses da alta, foi avaliada a satisfação deles por meio de um questionário. O doente que concordou com as cinco afirmações que visavam avaliar esclarecimento, preenchimento de lacunas de memória, ajuda na recuperação, tranquilização e recomendação da intervenção foi definido como satisfeito. Resultados: Foram incluídos 110 doentes, dos quais 55 responderam o questionário. Destes, 36 (65,5%) foram classificados como satisfeitos. Cada item teve uma resposta positiva em mais de 74% dos casos. Sugeriram o aumento do número de fotografias 60% dos participantes. Não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas na análise de subgrupos (idade, sexo, tempo de sedação e ventilação, tempo de diário, gravidade à admissão, delirium, depressão ou ansiedade na unidade de cuidado intensivo). Conclusões: A maioria dos doentes mostrou-se satisfeita com o diário, sugerindo, no entanto, o aumento do número de fotografias.
ABSTRACT Objectives: To evaluate the satisfaction of patients admitted to the intensive care unit using a diary and analyze possible points for improving this instrument. Methods: This was an observational, retrospective study, conducted between March 2014 and July 2017, in a multidisciplinary intensive care unit of a district hospital. The diary was implemented in patients sedated for 3 or more days. Three months after discharge, their satisfaction was assessed using a questionnaire. A patient who agreed with the 5 statements assessing the diary's help in clarifying the intensive care unit stay, in filling memory gaps, in recovery, in reassurance, and in the recommendation of this intervention was defined as satisfied. Results: A total of 110 patients were included, of whom 55 answered the questionnaire. Of these, 36 (65.5%) were classified as satisfied. Each item had a positive response in more than 74% of cases. A total of 60% of the participants suggested increasing the number of photographs. No significant differences were found in the subgroup analysis (age, sex, duration of sedation and ventilation, length of diary keeping, severity on admission, or delirium, depression, or anxiety in the intensive care unit). Conclusions: Most patients were satisfied with the diary but suggested an increase in the number of photographs.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Patient Satisfaction , Critical Care/psychology , Patient Preference , Diaries as Topic , Anxiety/epidemiology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Retrospective Studies , Delirium/epidemiology , Depression/epidemiology , Intensive Care Units , Middle AgedABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the satisfaction of patients admitted to the intensive care unit using a diary and analyze possible points for improving this instrument. METHODS: This was an observational, retrospective study, conducted between March 2014 and July 2017, in a multidisciplinary intensive care unit of a district hospital. The diary was implemented in patients sedated for 3 or more days. Three months after discharge, their satisfaction was assessed using a questionnaire. A patient who agreed with the 5 statements assessing the diary's help in clarifying the intensive care unit stay, in filling memory gaps, in recovery, in reassurance, and in the recommendation of this intervention was defined as satisfied. RESULTS: A total of 110 patients were included, of whom 55 answered the questionnaire. Of these, 36 (65.5%) were classified as satisfied. Each item had a positive response in more than 74% of cases. A total of 60% of the participants suggested increasing the number of photographs. No significant differences were found in the subgroup analysis (age, sex, duration of sedation and ventilation, length of diary keeping, severity on admission, or delirium, depression, or anxiety in the intensive care unit). CONCLUSIONS: Most patients were satisfied with the diary but suggested an increase in the number of photographs.
OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a satisfação dos doentes internados em uma unidade de cuidado intensivo com o diário e analisar possíveis pontos de melhoria deste instrumento. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo observacional, decorrido entre março de 2014 e julho de 2017, em uma unidade de cuidado intensivo polivalente de um hospital distrital. Foi iniciado o diário em doentes sedados por 3 ou mais dias. Depois de 3 meses da alta, foi avaliada a satisfação deles por meio de um questionário. O doente que concordou com as cinco afirmações que visavam avaliar esclarecimento, preenchimento de lacunas de memória, ajuda na recuperação, tranquilização e recomendação da intervenção foi definido como satisfeito. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 110 doentes, dos quais 55 responderam o questionário. Destes, 36 (65,5%) foram classificados como satisfeitos. Cada item teve uma resposta positiva em mais de 74% dos casos. Sugeriram o aumento do número de fotografias 60% dos participantes. Não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas na análise de subgrupos (idade, sexo, tempo de sedação e ventilação, tempo de diário, gravidade à admissão, delirium, depressão ou ansiedade na unidade de cuidado intensivo). CONCLUSÕES: A maioria dos doentes mostrou-se satisfeita com o diário, sugerindo, no entanto, o aumento do número de fotografias.
