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1.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 73(5): 280-280[e1-e6], nov. 2010. graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-83268

ABSTRACT

En la primera década del siglo XXI asistimos a vertiginosos avances científicos, tecnológicos y sociales. Nuevas realidades sociológicas hacen valer los derechos de la infancia, de la familia, del género y reclaman afrontar las desigualdades bajo criterios de equidad en un contexto multicultural. Es momento de potenciar la visión integral de la infancia, de poner el fonendoscopio en el menor y en la familia, de valorar la complejidad de hechos como el maltrato desde sus múltiples aristas, de acortar distancia con los pacientes aumentando nuestra competencia cultural y de reflexionar críticamente sobre la medicalización de la vida como síntoma social, y sus posibles consecuencias para los niños (AU)


We have witnessed dramatic scientific, technological and social advances in the first decade of the XXI century. New sociological realities have enforced the rights of children, the family and gender and inequalities need to be faced under the criteria of equality in a multicultural context. It is a time to boost the overall view of childhood, to put the phonendoscope on the minor and the family, to assess the complexity of facts, such as abuse from its many facets, to shorten the distance between patients, increasing our cultural competence and to critically reflect on medicalising life as a social symptom and their possible consequences for children (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Social Problems/trends , Child Abuse/prevention & control , Comprehensive Health Care/trends , Child Welfare/trends , Child Advocacy/trends , Cultural Competency
2.
Rev. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr.) ; 65(3): 267-271, mayo-jun. 2009.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-89331

ABSTRACT

Se estudió la influencia de la exposición prenatal y postnatal al tabaco y la prevalencia de síntomas respiratorios y de asma que se presentaban durante los 4 primeros años de vida. Para ello se reclutaron antes del parto 1.611 madres del proyecto AMICS (Asthma Multicentre Infant Cohort Study), en Ashford (Reino Unido) y Barcelona y Menorca (España). Se recogió un cuestionario anual de síntomas respiratorios y el hábito tabáquico. La variable final de estudio fue haber presentado sibilancias nunca, de forma precoz (hasta el 2º año), de forma persistente (en todo el período de estudio) y de forma tardía (a partir del tercer año=. Se determinó el biomarcador de exposición al humo de tabaco (cotinina) en sangre de cordón, orina materna y neonatal y orina a los 4 años (AU)


The influence of prenatal and postnatal exposure to tobacco and prevalence of respiratory symptoms and asthma that occur during the first 4 years of life has been studied. To do so, 1611 mothers were enrolled in the AMICS project (Asthma Multicentre Infant Cohort Study), in the Ashford (United Kingdom) and Barcelona and Menorca (Spain) project prior to delivery. A yearly questionnaire was collected on respiratory symptoms and smoking habit. The final study variable, those of never having had high pitched wheezes, of having them early (up to 2nd year), persistently (in the entire study period) and late (after the third year). The biomarker of exposure to tobacco smoke (cotinine) in the cord blood, maternal and neonatal urine and urine at 4 years was measured (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects , Asthma/epidemiology , Respiration Disorders/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Cotinine/analysis , Smoking/adverse effects
3.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 70(2): 151-8, 2009 Feb.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19217571

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: For the first time in Europe, the <> aimed to estimate the prevalence of drug use by pregnant women and the subsequent foetal exposure to illicit drugs. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Between October 2002 and February 2004, 1209 mother-infant dyads from the Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain met eligibility criteria and agreed to participate in the study. Data on socio-economic and demographic characteristics and on drug habits during pregnancy were collected using a structured questionnaire. Neonatal meconium was collected within 24h after birth and analyzed by standardized chromatographic techniques for the presence of opiates, cocaine, cannabinoids and amphetamines. RESULTS: Meconium analysis showed an overall 10.9% positivity for drugs of abuse, with a specific prevalence of heroin, cocaine and cannabis with foetal exposure of 4.7, 2.6 and 5.3%, respectively. Structured interviews also revealed that 0.3, 1.2 and 1.5% of mothers used heroin, cocaine and cannabis, respectively, while only one mother declared ecstasy consumption, confirmed by meconium analysis. Parental ethnicity and working class was not associated with drug use. Drug consuming mothers were shown to have a higher number of previous abortions when compared to non-consumer mothers, which was probably due to a lack of family planning. Significantly lower birth weight and length was found in newborns from mothers exposed to cocaine alone or in combination with other drugs. CONCLUSIONS: This study, although developed in a low socio-economic-status cohort, may serve as an eye opener for any hidden non-negligible drug consumption during pregnancy. In this sense, meconium analysis can be important to identify neonates with a high suspicion of exposure to drugs of abuse in utero, and provides the basis for appropriate treatment and adequate medical and social follow-up.


Subject(s)
Fetus/drug effects , Meconium/chemistry , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Prevalence , Socioeconomic Factors , Spain/epidemiology
4.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 70(2): 151-158, feb. 2009. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-59236

ABSTRACT

Introducción: por primera vez en Europa, el «Proyecto Meconio» ha estimado la prevalencia del consumo de drogas ilegales por mujeres embarazadas y la consiguiente exposición fetal. Pacientes y método: entre octubre de 2002 y febrero de 2004, se incluyó en el estudio a 1.209 parejas madre-recién nacido del Hospital del Mar, Barcelona. Se recogieron datos sobre las características socioeconómicas y demográficas y los hábitos tóxicos durante el embarazo empleando un cuestionario. Se recogió el meconio neonatal antes de 24 horas después del nacimiento y se analizó empleando técnicas cromatográficas estandarizadas para detectar opiáceos, cocaína, cannabinoides y anfetaminas. Resultados: el análisis del meconio demostró una positividad para las drogas de abuso del 10,9% del total, con una prevalencia específica de exposición fetal a heroína, cocaína y cannabis del 4,7, el 2,6 y el 5,3%, respectivamente. El cuestionario estructurado detectó que el 0,3, el 1,2 y el 1,5% de las madres habían consumido heroína, cocaína y cannabis, y sólo una madre declaró el consumo de éxtasis, confirmado mediante el análisis del meconio. La etnia de los padres y la clase laboral no se asociaron con el consumo de drogas. Las madres consumidoras de drogas mostraron un número de abortos previos más elevado que las madres no consumidoras. Se encontró que el peso y la talla al nacimiento eran significativamente más bajos en los recién nacidos de las madres expuestas a cocaína sola o en combinación con otras drogas. Conclusiones: este estudio puede servir como aviso de un consumo de drogas durante el embarazo oculto y significativo. En este sentido, el análisis del meconio puede ser importante para identificar a recién nacidos en elevada sospecha de exposición intrauterina a drogas de abuso y proporciona la base para un tratamiento médico y un seguimiento social apropiados (AU)


Introduction: For the first time in Europe, the «Meconium Project» aimed to estimate the prevalence of drug use by pregnant women and the subsequent foetal exposure to illicit drugs. Patients and method: Between October 2002 and February 2004, 1209 mother–infant dyads from the Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain met eligibility criteria and agreed to participate in the study. Data on socio-economic and demographic characteristics and on drug habits during pregnancy were collected using a structured questionnaire. Neonatal meconium was collected within 24h after birth and analyzed by standardized chromatographic techniques for the presence of opiates, cocaine, cannabinoids and amphetamines. Results: Meconium analysis showed an overall 10.9% positivity for drugs of abuse, with a specific prevalence of heroin, cocaine and cannabis with foetal exposure of 4.7, 2.6 and 5.3%, respectively. Structured interviews also revealed that 0.3, 1.2 and 1.5% of mothers used heroin, cocaine and cannabis, respectively, while only one mother declared ecstasy consumption, confirmed by meconium analysis. Parental ethnicity and working class was not associated with drug use. Drug consuming mothers were shown to have a higher number of previous abortions when compared to non-consumer mothers, which was probably due to a lack of family planning. Significantly lower birth weight and length was found in newborns from mothers exposed to cocaine alone or in combination with other drugs. Conclusions: This study, although developed in a low socio-economic-status cohort, may serve as an eye opener for any hidden non-negligible drug consumption during pregnancy. In this sense, meconium analysis can be important to identify neonates with a high suspicion of exposure to drugs of abuse in utero, and provides the basis for appropriate treatment and adequate medical and social follow-up (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Meconium/chemistry , Maternal Exposure , Substance-Related Disorders/diagnosis , Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Socioeconomic Factors , Spain/epidemiology , Prevalence
5.
Rev Neurol ; 47(8): 410-3, 2008.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18937202

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The carpal tunnel syndrome is the most frequent compression neuropathy in the adult population, being very uncommon in children, particularly under the age of 10 years. The most frequent etiology is the lisosomal storage diseases, followed by anatomical disorders, trauma, intensive sports practice and some idiopathic cases among others. In this paper we are presenting a case of an idiopathic and bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome in a 9 years old boy. CASE REPORT: A 9 year-old patient suffering daily paresthaesias in both hands for a year, producing limitations in hand mobility which disappear after physical movement of the hands. He played basketball at school, he was right handed and had no history of systemic family illnesses. After the exploration, he scored 4/5 in left thumb abductor strength and no thenar muscle hypotrophy. He achieved the criteria of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder. Electroneurography tests confirmed the diagnosis. The etiology study was normal after completed. After bilateral surgery, the patient achieved a complete recovery. CONCLUSIONS: The importance of this clinical case lies in its rare manifestation in children under the age of 10, being bilateral and not being included in the most frequent etiology group. It has a late diagnosis because it has an etiology and clinical manifestation different from adults. The diagnosis is being done through electroneurography. Open surgical release is almost ever the treatment.


Subject(s)
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome/diagnosis , Carpal Tunnel Syndrome/surgery , Adult , Carpal Tunnel Syndrome/physiopathology , Child , Decompression, Surgical , Electromyography , Hand/surgery , Humans , Male , Neural Conduction
6.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 47(8): 410-413, 16 oct., 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-70537

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El síndrome del túnel carpiano es la neuropatía por compresión más frecuente en el adulto. Sin embargo, es un cuadro raro en la edad pediátrica, sobre todo por debajo de los 10 años de edad. La etiología más frecuente son las enfermedades de depósito lisosomal, seguidas por las anomalías anatómicas, casos familiares, traumatismos, práctica intensiva de ciertos deportes y casos idiopáticos. Presentamos un caso de síndrome del túnel carpiano, bilateral e idiopático enun niño de 9 años. Caso clínico. Niño de 9 años que presentaba desde hacía un año parestesias diurnas en ambas manos, con dificultad en la manipulación y que desaparecían tras movilizarlas. Era un jugador de baloncesto escolar, diestro y sin enfermedadessistémicas familiares. Cumplía los criterios de trastorno por déficit de atención/hiperactividad. La exploración mostró una fuerza de 4/5 en el músculo abductor del pulgar izquierdo. No había hipotrofia de la musculatura tenar. La electroneurografíaconfirmó el diagnóstico de síndrome del túnel carpiano. Se completó el estudio etiológico, que resultó normal. Tras realizar la cirugía bilateral, el paciente presentó una mejoría sintomática completa. Conclusiones. La importancia de este caso clínico es la rareza de su presentación en niños menores de 10 años, sobre todo con afectación bilateral y sin pertenecer al grupo etiológico más frecuente. La etiología y la sintomatología clínica distintas a las del adulto condicionan que el diagnóstico sea tardío. El diagnóstico de confirmación se realiza por electroneurografía y el tratamiento es casi siempre quirúrgico


Introduction. The carpal tunnel syndrome is the most frequent compression neuropathy in the adult population,being very uncommon in children, particularly under the age of 10 years. The most frequent etiology is the lisosomal storage diseases, followed by anatomical disorders, trauma, intensive sports practice and some idiopathic cases among others. In this paper we are presenting a case of an idiopathic and bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome in a 9 years old boy. Case report. A 9 year-old patient suffering daily paresthaesias in both hands for a year, producing limitations in hand mobility which disappearafter physical movement of the hands. He played basketball at school, he was right handed and had no history of systemic family illnesses. After the exploration, he scored 4/5 in left thumb abductor strength and no thenar muscle hypotrophy. Heachieved the criteria of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder. Electroneurography tests confirmed the diagnosis. The etiology study was normal after completed. After bilateral surgery, the patient achieved a complete recovery. Conclusions. The importance of this clinical case lies in its rare manifestation in children under the age of 10, being bilateral and not being included in the most frequent etiology group. It has a late diagnosis because it has an etiology and clinical manifestationdifferent from adults. The diagnosis is being done through electroneurography. Open surgical release is almost ever the treatment


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Carpal Tunnel Syndrome/diagnosis , Paresthesia/etiology , Carpal Tunnel Syndrome/surgery , Hand Strength
9.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 59(5): 448-53, 2003 Nov.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14588217

ABSTRACT

Circumcision is one of the most frequent surgical procedures in children. Because of greater immigration to Spain, health professionals need to know how to interpret new health demands. One of the most important of these is ritual circumcision. Moreover, in the last few years scientific data showing the potential health benefits of circumcision have been published. The aim of this study was to identify the therapeutic indications of this procedure, to clarify the origins of its cultural and religious bases and, finally, to review the scientific evidence to date on its possible benefits.


Subject(s)
Circumcision, Male , Evidence-Based Medicine , HIV Infections/epidemiology , HIV Infections/prevention & control , Humans , Male , Penile Neoplasms/epidemiology , Penile Neoplasms/prevention & control , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/epidemiology , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/prevention & control , Tilt-Table Test , Urinary Tract Infections/epidemiology , Urinary Tract Infections/prevention & control
11.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 59(5): 448-453, nov. 2003.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-24539

ABSTRACT

La circuncisión es una de las intervenciones quirúrgicas que con más frecuencia se practica a los niños. Con la intensificación del fenómeno social de la inmigración en nuestro entorno, los profesionales de la salud han de saber interpretar las nuevas demandas sanitarias. Entre ellas, destaca la circuncisión ritual. Además, en los últimos años se han publicado algunas evidencias científicas que demuestran sus potenciales beneficios médicos. El objetivo de este artículo es identificar cuáles son las indicaciones terapéuticas de la circuncisión, aclarar los orígenes de los motivos religiosos y culturales y, por último, conocer la evidencia existente hasta el momento sobre los posibles beneficios de la circuncisión. (AU)


Subject(s)
Male , Humans , Circumcision, Male , Urinary Tract Infections , HIV Infections , Evidence-Based Medicine , Sexually Transmitted Diseases , Tilt-Table Test , Penile Neoplasms
15.
An Esp Pediatr ; 56(4): 298-303, 2002 Apr.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11927096

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Conclusive data on the risk factors that modify bronchial hyperresponsiveness after airway exposure to modulating triggers (histamine, methacholine and exercise) are lacking. In recent years some risk factors such as air pollution or infection have been questioned and even considered protective. OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence of bronchial hyperresponsiveness to exercise among schoolchildren and its association with different risk factors. METHODS: Three thousand thirty-three schoolchildren aged 13-14 years were studied. Participants answered a questionnaire on respiratory symptoms. A total of 2,842 children underwent exercise challenge testing for bronchial hyperresponsiveness. This study was part of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC). RESULTS: A fall in peak expiratory flow rate of (15 % after exercise was found in 324 children (11.4 %), of whom 29 (9 %) also presented symptoms of asthma. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness to exercise was significantly associated with lower age, female sex, high socioeconomic level and attending a private school. No association was found between bronchial hyperresponsiveness and obesity, tobacco or viral infections. CONCLUSIONS: These findings are not completely consistent with those of other studies, suggesting that local environmental factors may influence the prevalence of bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Further studies are required to clarify these conflicting data.


Subject(s)
Asthma, Exercise-Induced/epidemiology , Asthma, Exercise-Induced/physiopathology , Bronchial Hyperreactivity , Adolescent , Age Factors , Female , Humans , Male , Peak Expiratory Flow Rate , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Schools , Sex Factors , Socioeconomic Factors , Spain/epidemiology , Surveys and Questionnaires
16.
An. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr) ; 56(4): 298-303, abr. 2002.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-6700

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: No hay datos concluyentes sobre los factores de riesgo que modifican de alguna forma la hiperreactividad bronquial después de haber expuesto la vía respiratoria a un factor modulador, como histamina, metacolina o ejercicio. Algunos factores como la contaminación ambiental o las propias infecciones, en determinadas circunstancias, podrían ser factores protectores más que de riesgo para desarrollar hiperreactividad bronquial. Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia de la hiperreactividad bronquial inducida por el ejercicio en niños de edad escolar y su asociación con diferentes factores de riesgo. Métodos: Se estudiaron 3.033 niños de 13 a 14 años de edad. Los participantes respondieron a un cuestionario sobre síntomas respiratorios y un total de 2.842 niños realizaron una prueba de reactividad bronquial al ejercicio. Este estudio forma parte del Estudio Internacional de Asma y Alergia en la Infancia (ISAAC).Resultados: En 324 niños (11,4%) se observó un descenso del flujo espiratorio máximo mayor o igual al 15%después del ejercicio y 29 (9%) presentaron síntomas clínicos de asma. La hiperreactividad bronquial se asoció de manera significativa con menor edad, sexo femenino, nivel socioeconómico más alto y asistir a una escuela privada. No se observó asociación entre hiperreactividad bronquial y obesidad, tabaco e infecciones virales. Conclusiones: Estos hallazgos no son totalmente consistentes con otros estudios, lo que hace pensar que existen factores locales medioambientales que pueden influir en la prevalencia de hiperreactividad bronquial y serían necesarios más estudios para clarificar estas contradicciones (AU)


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Male , Female , Humans , Bronchial Hyperreactivity , Spain , Socioeconomic Factors , Risk Factors , Sex Factors , Prevalence , Surveys and Questionnaires , Asthma, Exercise-Induced , Age Factors , Schools , Peak Expiratory Flow Rate
17.
An. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr) ; 54(4): 405-408, abr. 2001.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-1962

ABSTRACT

El maltrato infantil puede presentarse de formas diversas, a veces con signos o síntomas guía que inducen a error. Frente a un niño desnutrido no puede olvidarse que una de las posibles causas de la malnutrición puede ser una situación de maltrato. El aumento de la inmigración puede hacer que se vean formas de maltrato poco frecuentes entre nuestra población industrializada. La observación del entorno social y la verbalización por parte de una niña africana, residente en nuestro país desde hacía varios años, así como la presentación de un kwashiorkor, permitieron el diagnóstico de una situación de maltrato infantil con expresión clínica poco habitual en nuestro medio socioeconómico (AU)


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Spain , Child Abuse , Kwashiorkor
18.
An Esp Pediatr ; 54(4): 405-8, 2001 Apr.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11273827

ABSTRACT

Child abuse can take various forms and the presenting signs and symptoms can sometimes lead to diagnostic error. Faced with a malnourished child physicians should not forget that one of the possible causes of the malnutrition could be abuse. Because of rising immigration, forms of child abuse uncommon among the Spanish industrialized population may increase.An African girl, who had been resident in Spain for several years, presented with symptoms of kwashiorkor disease. This, combined with observation of the child's social environment and her own account, led to a diagnosis of neglect. This is a rare clinical presentation of abuse in our socio-economic milieu.


Subject(s)
Child Abuse/diagnosis , Kwashiorkor/etiology , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Spain
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