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1.
Ann Biomed Eng ; 38(2): 280-90, 2010 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19826955

ABSTRACT

Although the use of personalized annuloplasty rings manufactured for each patient according to the size and morphology of their valve complex could be beneficial for the treatment of mitral insufficiency, this possibility has been limited for reasons of time-lines and costs as well as for design and manufacturing difficulties, as has been the case with other personalized implant and prosthetic developments. However, the present quality of medical image capture equipment together with the benefits to be had from computer-aided design and manufacturing technologies (CAD-CAM) and the capabilities furnished by rapid prototyping technologies, present new opportunities for a personalized response to the development of implants and prostheses, the social impact of which could turn out to be highly positive. This paper sets out a personalized development of an annuloplasty ring based on the combined use of information from medical imaging, from CAD-CAM design programs and prototype manufacture using rapid prototyping technologies.


Subject(s)
Computer-Aided Design , Heart Valve Prosthesis , Prosthesis Design/methods , Prosthesis Fitting/methods , Software , Therapy, Computer-Assisted/methods , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Computer Simulation , Equipment Failure Analysis/methods , Humans , Models, Biological
3.
Rev. esp. cardiol. (Ed. impr.) ; 61(supl.2): 10-24, 2008. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-71694

ABSTRACT

La estenosis aórtica (EA) y la insuficiencia mitral (IM) son, en el momento actual, las afecciones valvulares más prevalentes en los países desarrollados. El recambio valvular aórtico (RVA) y la cirugía valvular mitral se consideran hoy en día los tratamientos estándar para la EA y la IM severas. En los últimos años hemos asistido al desarrollo de dispositivos para el tratamiento percutáneo de estas enfermedades. Así, en el año 2002 se realizó el primer implante percutáneo de prótesis aórtica (IPPA) en humanos, y en 2005 se comunicaron los primeros resultados de la reparación percutánea de la IM. Desde entonces, el tratamiento percutáneo de estas valvulopatías está evolucionando muy rápidamente. Existen actualmente dos prótesis aórticas de implantación percutánea en fase de ensayo clínico, y varias en evaluación preclínica o con los primeros datos en humanos («first-in-man» [FIM]). Dados los prometedores resultados obtenidos con el IPPA, éste será probablemente una opción viable para determinados pacientes en un plazo relativamente breve. El futuro del tratamiento percutáneo de la EA exige el desarrollo de dispositivos reposicionables y recapturables, y mejorará con la integración de nuevos materiales elaborados mediante la nanotecnología y la ingeniería tisular. En comparación con el IPPA, la reparación percutánea de la válvula mitral (VM) es más compleja, debido a que la IM puede deberse a procesos patológicos muy diferentes. En el momento actual, la mayoría de las técnicas de reparación mitral percutánea en investigación se basan en técnicas quirúrgicas. Pero estas nuevas técnicas sólo son adecuadas para algunos pacientes cuidadosamente seleccionados y con una determinada etiología de la IM. Para lograr una reparación valvular mitral satisfactoria, probablemente sea necesario combinar varias de las tecnologías actualmente disponibles. Aun así, muchos de estos pacientes precisarán un reemplazo valvular mitral y no una reparación, por lo que el implante percutáneo de prótesis mitrales será una apasionante alternativa en un futuro próximo (AU)


Aortic stenosis (AS) and mitral regurgitation (MR) are currently the commonest valvular pathologies in developed society. The current standard of treatment of severe AS and severe MR has been surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR) and mitral valve (MV) surgery. In 2002, the first human percutaneous AVR (PAVR) was performed and in 2005, results of percutaneous MV repair were also reported. The field of percutaneous transcatheter valve therapy is evolving very rapidly. There are 2 aortic percutaneous heart valves in clinical trials and several others with first-in-man data or in pre-clinical testing. Results seem promising and it appears that PAVR will most likely be a viable option for selected patients in a relatively short time. The future of AS treatment will evolve with the advent of devices which will be repositionable and retrievable, as well as integrating other materials engineered by nanotechnology and tissue engineering. There are several technologies being investigated in the field of MV repair, each attempting to mimic surgical technique. Compared with PAVR, percutaneous MV repair is a more complex process as many different pathological processes can result in MR. The current technologies will be suitable only for carefully selected patients with a specific etiology of MR. Most likely a combination of these technologies will be required for satisfactory MV repair although MV replacement may be what many of those patients require, and therefore percutaneous MV replacement will be an exciting alternative in the near future (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Aortic Valve Stenosis/surgery , Mitral Valve Stenosis/surgery , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Angioplasty/methods , Blood Vessel Prosthesis , Mitral Valve Insufficiency/surgery
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