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1.
Rev. cir. (Impr.) ; 75(4)ago. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1515251

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Las mordeduras por araña parda pueden manifestarse desde una simple lesión dérmica en el área de la mordedura, hasta formas graves, con falla orgánica múltiple. Caso Clínico: presentamos el caso de una paciente con mordedura por araña parda, quien presenta inicialmente lesiones dérmicas sin necrosis, evolucionando con áreas de necrosis y el desarrollo de síndrome compartimental de extremidad, sepsis, choque séptico y falla renal. Mejora tras manejo intensivo, anti veneno y colocación de terapia de presión negativa (TPN) en herida, conservando la extremidad afectada integra y recuperando la función renal. Discusion: Este caso en particular presenta los tres tipos de manifestaciones que se generan en el loxoscelismo, las cuales son una forma de presentación poco frecuente. El tratamiento con TPN se ha introducido como una terapia poderosa, no farmacológica para ayudar a acelerar el proceso de cicatrización de heridas y puede ser de utilidad en pacientes con mordedura de araña (loxoscelismo).


Introduction: The brown spider bites have the peculiarity of manifesting from a simple skin lesion in the area of the bite, to severe forms, with multiple organic failure. Clinical Case: We present the case of a patient with a brown spider bite, initially presenting dermal lesions without necrosis, evolving with areas of necrosis and the development of compartment syndrome of extremities, sepsis, septic shock and renal failure. Improvement after intensive management and installation in negative pressure therapy wound (NPT), keeping the affected limb integrated and recovering renal function. Discussion: This case in particular presents the three types of manifestations that are generated in loxoscelism, which are a rare form of presentation. The NPT treatment has been introduced as a powerful, non-pharmacological and physical therapy to help accelerate the wound healing process and may be useful in patients with spider bites.

2.
Rev. cientif. cienc. med ; 26(1): 99-103, 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1530060

ABSTRACT

La vancomicina es un antibiótico de uso común en pacientes hospitalizados. Se han descrito múltiples efectos adversos relacionados a este fármaco, de los cuales la agranulocitosis es una entidad poco frecuente pero potencial mente grave. Este caso muestra una consecuencia médica secundaria al uso prolongado de este antibiótico, generando una neutropenia profunda posterior a 24 días de tratamiento, presentándose clínicamente con un pico febril aislado. Se asume que esta situación es consecuencia de una respuesta inmunológica inadecuada del huésped, por lo que la suspensión del agente etiológico es la clave del tratamiento. Existen pocos reportes de estos casos en la población pediátrica y debe considerarse un efecto secundario que requiere vigilancia estrecha para evitar repercusiones clínicas.


Vancomycin is a commonly used antibiotic in hospitalized patients. Multiple adverse effects related to this drug have been described, of which agranulocytosis is a rare but potentially serious entity. This case shows a medical consequence secondary to the prolonged use of this antibiotic, generating profound neutropenia after 24 days of treatment, presenting clinically with an isolated feverish peak. It is assumed that this situation is the consequence of an inadequate immunological response of the host, for which reason the suspension of the etiological agent is the key to treatment. There are few reports of these effects in the pediatric population and should be considered a side effect that requires close monitoring to avoid clinical repercussions.


Subject(s)
Male , Adolescent , Therapeutics , Rebound Effect
3.
Pediatr. (Asunción) ; 49(2)ago. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1386701

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: Actualmente se ha observado que la hipovitaminosis D y la obesidad pueden influir en el desarrollo de enfermedad cardiovascular en el futuro. Objetivo: Identificar la asociación entre deficiencia de vitamina D y factores de riesgo cardiometabólicos en los pacientes pediátricos del noroeste de México. Materiales y métodos : se incluyeron niños de 6 a 15 años, se les midieron variables somatométricas, niveles séricos de colesterol total, C-HDL, C-LDL, triglicéridos, glucosa, insulina, vitamina D e índice HOMA-IR. Se identificó la asociación de factores de riesgo cardiometabólicos y la deficiencia de vitamina D, mediante la prueba de Chi cuadrado. Resultados: De los 114 pacientes evaluados, se detectó eutrofia en 42.1%, sobrepeso en 12.3%, obesidad en 41.2% y desnutrición en 4.4%. La prevalencia de deficiencia en vitamina D, insuficiencia y suficiencia fueron 18.4%, 27.2% y 54.4% respectivamente. La deficiencia de vitamina D mostró mayor predominio en pacientes con obesidad (27 %). La hipertrigliceridemia se asoció estadísticamente con deficiencia de vitamina D (p 0.041). Se observaron correlaciones inversas entre niveles de vitamina D con HOMA (r=-0.191; p=0.41), score Z IMC (r=-0.210; p=0.025) e insulina (r=-0.227; p=0.015). Conclusiones: La deficiencia de vitamina D se asocia en niños con un IMC elevado y resistencia a la insulina, lo cual puede acelerar el desarrollo de síndrome metabólico, diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y enfermedad cardiovascular.


ABSTRACT Introduction: It has currently been observed that hypovitaminosis D and obesity can influence the future development of cardiovascular disease. Objective: To identify the association between vitamin D deficiency and cardiometabolic risk factors in pediatric patients from northwestern Mexico. Materials and methods: Children aged 6 to 15 years were included, somatometric variables, serum levels of total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, triglycerides, glucose, insulin, vitamin D and HOMA-IR index were measured. The association of cardiometabolic risk factors and vitamin D deficiency was identified using the Chi square test. Results: Of the 114 patients evaluated, normal body-mass index was detected in 42.1%, 12.3% were overweight, 41.2% were obese and 4.4% were malnourished. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, insufficiency and sufficiency were 18.4%, 27.2% and 54.4% respectively. Vitamin D deficiency was more prevalent in obese patients (27%). Hypertriglyceridemia was statistically associated with vitamin D deficiency (p = 0.041). Inverse correlations were observed between vitamin D levels with HOMA (r = -0.191; p = 0.41), BMI Z score (r = -0.210; p = 0.025) and insulin (r = -0.227; p = 0.015). Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with a higher BMI and insulin resistance in children, which can accelerate the development of metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease.

4.
Pediatr. (Asunción) ; 48(3)dic. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1386685

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: en los últimos años se ha reportado un incremento en la prevalencia de obesidad infantil, siendo este un factor de riesgo para enfermedades crónico-degenerativas como la Enfermedad Renal Crónica; por ende, se requieren de biomarcadores endógenos para detectar las alteraciones en el filtrado glomerular, siendo la Cistatina C uno de ellos. Objetivo: Identificar la frecuencia de Cistatina C elevada en pacientes con sobrepeso y Obesidad del noroeste de México. Material y Métodos: se estudió un grupo de infantes de 6 a 12 años, a los cuales según antropometría se clasificó en normopeso, sobrepeso u obesidad. Se obtuvo la somatometria y los niveles de Cistatina C de cada uno de ellos para el cálculo del filtrado glomerular y clasificar la función renal y se buscó asociación entre estas dos condiciones mediante prueba de chi cuadrado. Resultados: de un grupo de 80 pacientes el 51.3% presentó sobrepeso/obesidad; de estos en el 46.3% se reportaron niveles altos de Cistatina C, de acuerdo con el rango de referencia propuesto por Filler 2003. La media para Tasa de Filtración Glomerular (TFG) en el grupo con sobrepeso/obesidad fue de 103.1 ml/min/1.73 m2, comparada con el grupo normopeso de 121.2 ml/min/1.73 m2. La frecuencia de niveles altos de Cistatina C en población con sobrepeso/obesidad fue de 62.9% comparado con un 26.6% en normopeso. Conclusiones: Los Niños de 6 a 12 años con exceso de peso presentan mayor frecuencia de nivel elevado de Cistatina C.


ABSTRACT Introduction: in recent years an increase has been reported in the prevalence of childhood obesity, which is a risk factor for chronic degenerative diseases such as Chronic Kidney Disease; therefore, endogenous biomarkers are needed to detect alterations in glomerular filtration, Cystatin C being one of them. Objective: To identify the frequency of elevated Cystatin C in overweight and obese patients in northwestern Mexico. Materials and Methods: a group of infants aged 6 to 12 years was studied, who according to anthropometry were classified as normal weight, overweight or obesity. Somatometry and Cystatin C levels were obtained from each of them to calculate glomerular filtration rate and classify renal function, and an association between these two conditions was sought using the chi-square test. Results: of a group of 80 patients, 51.3% were overweight / obese; Of these, 46.3% had high levels of Cystatin C, according to the reference range proposed by Filler 2003. The mean Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) in the overweight / obese group was 103.1 ml / min / 1.73 m2, compared to the normal weight group of 121.2 ml / min / 1.73 m2. The frequency of high levels of Cystatin C in the overweight / obese population was 62.9% compared to 26.6% in normal weight. Conclusions: Children from 6 to 12 years of age with excess weight have a higher frequency of high levels of Cystatin C.

5.
Ginecol. obstet. Méx ; 88(1): 1-7, ene. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1346134

ABSTRACT

Resumen OBJETIVO: Determinar el desempeño diagnóstico del modelo FullPIERS como predictor de complicaciones perinatales en pacientes con preeclampsia atendidas en un hospital público del Noroeste de México. MATERIALES Y MÉTODO: Estudio retrospectivo, para evaluación de una prueba diagnóstica, efectuado en pacientes con diagnóstico de preeclampsia atendidas en un hospital público de segundo nivel entre octubre de 2018 y febrero 2019. Criterios de inclusión: expedientes con datos suficientes para introducirlos en la calculadora FullPIERS (saturación de oxígeno, recuento de plaquetas, creatinina, aspartato, transaminasa y existencia o no de disnea). Criterios de exclusión: pacientes con diagnóstico previo de padecimientos hepáticos agudos, pulmonares o renales. Se comparó el porcentaje de riesgo al ingreso de cada paciente versus la cantidad de pacientes con y sin complicaciones. Se calcularon: sensibilidad, especificidad y valores predictivos del modelo. RESULTADOS: Se estudiaron 100 expedientes de pacientes con preeclampsia: 11 con resultados positivos según la calculadora Full PIERS (más de 5% de riesgo), en 7 de 11 fue verdadero positivo. Para el modelo Full PIERS se obtuvieron: sensibilidad de 58.3% y especificidad de 95.5%, valor predictivo positivo de 59%, y valor predictivo negativo de 95% para la predicción de complicaciones de la preeclampsia, con área bajo la curva de 0.799. CONCLUSIÓN: La calculadora FullPIERS es una herramienta útil para predecir complicaciones a corto plazo y poder indicar el tratamiento adecuado a cada paciente.


Abstract OBJECTIVE: To determine the diagnostic performance of the FullPIERS model as a predictor of perinatal complications in patients with preeclampsia from a public hospital in Northwest Mexico. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective study, for the evaluation of a proper diagnosis, performed in patients with diagnosis of preeclampsia attended at a second-level public hospital between October 2018 and February 2019. Inclusion criteria: sufficient data to introduce them into the FullPIERS calculator (saturation of oxygen, platelet retreat, creatinine, aspartate, transaminases and the existence of dysnea). Exclusion criteria: patients with previous diagnosis of acute, pulmonary or renal liver diseases. It is compared to the percentage of the ingrowth risk of each patient versus the number of patients with complications. Calculated: sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of the model. RESULTS: If 100 patients were studied with preeclampsia: 11 with positive results according to the Full PIERS calculator (over 5% risk), and 7 out of 11 were true. For the Full PIERS model, it was obtained: 58.3% sensitivity and 95.5% specificity, 59% positive predictive value, and 95% negative predictive value for the prediction of complications of preeclampsia, with a curve area of 0.799. CONCLUSION: The FullPIERS calculator is a useful tool for predicting complications to cut and can indicate the appropriate treatment for each patient.

6.
Rev Med Chil ; 147(5): 574-578, 2019 May.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31859889

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Adherence to treatment is a large obstacle in the management of chronic diseases. AIM: To evaluate therapeutic adherence and its relationship with glycemic control in patients with gestational diabetes using two types of treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The Measurement of Treatment Adherence (MAT) questionnaire was applied to 93 patients with gestational diabetes. Fifty-two used metformin 41 were treated with insulin. Obstetric and socio-demographic data were collected. RESULTS: A higher therapeutic adherence was associated with a better glycemic control. Women with a higher education level had a better adherence to treatment. The adherence and metabolic control were higher in women treated with metformin. CONCLUSIONS: Therapeutic adherence is an important factor for adequate glycemic control.


Subject(s)
Diabetes, Gestational/drug therapy , Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use , Medication Adherence/statistics & numerical data , Adult , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diabetes, Gestational/prevention & control , Educational Status , Female , Gestational Age , Humans , Insulin/therapeutic use , Metformin/therapeutic use , Pregnancy , Surveys and Questionnaires , Young Adult
7.
BMC Pediatr ; 19(1): 401, 2019 11 04.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31679507

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Mexico occupies one of the first places worldwide in childhood obesity. Its Mestizo and Indigenous communities present different levels of westernization which have triggered different epidemiological diseases. We assessed the effects of a multi-component school-based intervention program on obesity, cardiovascular and diabetes risk factors. METHODS: A physical activity, health education and parent involvement (PAHEPI) program was developed and applied in six urban (Mestizo ethnic group) and indigenous (Seri and Yaqui ethnic groups) primary schools for 12 weeks. A total of 320 children aged 4-12 years participated in intervention program; 203 under Treatment 1 (PAHEPI program) and 117, only from Mestizo groups, under Treatment 2 (PAHEPI+ school meals). For Body Mass Index (BMI), cardiovascular and diabetes factors, pairwise comparisons of values at baseline and after treatments were done using Wilcoxon signed rank test. Generalized linear models were applied to assess the intervention effect by age, sex and nutritional status in relation to ethnicity and treatment. RESULTS: We observed improvements on BMI in children with overweight-obesity and in triglycerides in the three ethnic groups. The Mestizo ethnic group showed the largest improvements under Treatment 2. While Seris showed improvements only in cardiovascular risk factors, Yaquis also showed improvements in diabetes risk factors, though not in BMI. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that the same intervention may have positive but different effects in different ethnic groups depending on their lifestyle and their emerging epidemiological disease. Including this type of intervention as part of the school curriculum would allow to adapt to ethnic group in order to contribute more efficiently to child welfare. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study was retrospectively registered under the identifier NCT03768245 .


Subject(s)
Body Mass Index , Ethnicity , Exercise , Health Education , Pediatric Obesity/therapy , School Health Services , Age Factors , Blood Glucose , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Child , Child, Preschool , Cholesterol/blood , Diabetes Mellitus/prevention & control , Diet, Western/adverse effects , Diet, Western/ethnology , Female , Humans , Indians, North American/ethnology , Linear Models , Male , Meals , Mexico/ethnology , Overweight/blood , Overweight/ethnology , Overweight/therapy , Parents , Pediatric Obesity/blood , Pediatric Obesity/complications , Pediatric Obesity/ethnology , Program Evaluation , Risk Factors , Sex Factors , Statistics, Nonparametric , Time Factors , Triglycerides/blood
8.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 147(5): 574-578, mayo 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1014266

ABSTRACT

Background: Adherence to treatment is a large obstacle in the management of chronic diseases. Aim: To evaluate therapeutic adherence and its relationship with glycemic control in patients with gestational diabetes using two types of treatment. Material and Methods: The Measurement of Treatment Adherence (MAT) questionnaire was applied to 93 patients with gestational diabetes. Fifty-two used metformin 41 were treated with insulin. Obstetric and socio-demographic data were collected. Results: A higher therapeutic adherence was associated with a better glycemic control. Women with a higher education level had a better adherence to treatment. The adherence and metabolic control were higher in women treated with metformin. Conclusions: Therapeutic adherence is an important factor for adequate glycemic control.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adult , Young Adult , Diabetes, Gestational/drug therapy , Medication Adherence/statistics & numerical data , Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Gestational Age , Diabetes, Gestational/prevention & control , Educational Status , Insulin/therapeutic use , Metformin/therapeutic use
9.
Ginecol. obstet. Méx ; 87(8): 513-519, ene. 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1286653

ABSTRACT

Resumen OBJETIVO: Determinar qué repercusión tienen en la supervivencia de la paciente con paro cardiorrespiratorio las estrategias de intervención y las habilidades para la reanimación cardiopulmonar básica, por parte del residente de Ginecología y Obstetricia, en un hospital de segundo nivel de atención. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio prospectivo, transversal, analítico y comparativo efectuado entre los meses de marzo a agosto de 2018 en residentes de Ginecología y Obstetricia del Hospital General Regional 1 de Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, a quienes se evaluó antes y después de una intervención de soporte vital básico en pacientes embarazadas. Para observar las diferencias en conocimientos clínicos entre los grupos se aplicó la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis, para medir la diferencia entre los grupos se utilizó U de Mann Whitney y para el análisis estadístico descriptivo se utilizaron medidas de tendencia central. RESULTADOS: Se evaluaron de manera inmediata 20 residentes y solo 1 no aprobó. En la evaluación final mediata 16 de 19 aprobaron. CONCLUSIONES: Se demostró un efecto favorable de la estrategia de intervención aplicada a los residentes de Ginecología y Obstetricia pues se obtuvieron resultados estadísticamente significativos.


Abstract OBJECTIVE: To determine the impact of the intervention strategy and basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills on the part of the resident of Gynecology and Obstetrics on the survival of the patient with cardiorespiratory arrest in a second-level care hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prospective and cross-sectional study, carried out in the period from March to August 2018, including all the resident physicians of the specialty of Gynecology and Obstetrics of HGR 1 of Ciudad Obregón, who underwent pre and post intervention evaluation of Vital Support Basic in the pregnant patient. To observe the differences in the level of clinical knowledge between the groups, Kruskal-Wallis was used and to measure the difference between the groups, the Mann Whitney U was used. For the descriptive statistical analysis, measures of central tendency were used. RESULTS: In the immediate final evaluation, there were 20 residents evaluated, 19 (95%) approved and 1 non-approving (5%). Average final evaluation, of 19 residents evaluated, 16 (84%) approved, and 3 (16%) did not approve. CONCLUSION: A favorable effect of the intervention strategy applied to residents of Gynecology and Obstetrics was demonstrated, since statistically significant results were obtained.

10.
Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex ; 75(6): 373-376, 2018.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30407451

ABSTRACT

Background: Aneurysm of the testicular artery is a rare entity; the term is described as the dilation of any blood vessel in the body. Case report: An 18-year-old patient with a left testicular artery aneurysm, with no family or personal history of medical importance, presented for consultation due to a volume increase of long evolution in the inguinal region, accompanied by sporadic pain with no other symptoms. The testicular artery aneurysm was not detectable preoperatively by ultrasound, which only reported data compatible with left inguinal hernia and varicocele. The diagnosis was made postoperatively by a histopathological study. This case highlights the presentation of a true aneurysm of the testicular artery and the result after definitive surgical treatment. Conclusions: The etiology of the aneurysm and pseudoaneurysm reported in the literature is described after a testicular trauma and, a few cases of congenital origin. The clinical manifestations are pain and an inguinal mass, which can be frequently confused with inguinal hernias or an aggregated pathology. Therefore, the approach of patients with inguinal or testicular pathology should be protocolized and include aneurysm within the differential diagnoses.


Introducción: El aneurisma de la arteria testicular es poco frecuente; el término se describe como la dilatación de cualquier vaso sanguíneo en el cuerpo. Caso clínico: Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 15 años con un aneurisma de la arteria testicular izquierda sin ningún antecedente de importancia familiar ni personal, quien se presentó a consulta por aumento de volumen en la región inguinal de larga evolución, acompañado de dolor esporádico y sin más síntomas. Se diagnosticó hernia inguinal y se procedió a cirugía. El diagnóstico se realizó de manera posoperatoria por medio de estudio histopatológico. En este caso, se destaca la presentación de un aneurisma verdadero de la arteria testicular y el resultado después del tratamiento quirúrgico definitivo. Conclusiones: La etiología del aneurisma y del pseudoaneurisma reportada en la literatura se describe posterior a un traumatismo testicular, y en pocos casos de origen congénito. Las manifestaciones clínicas pueden ser dolor y una masa inguinal, y muchas de las veces pueden confundirse con hernias inguinales o ser una patología agregada, por lo que el abordaje de los pacientes con patología inguinal o testicular debe ser protocolizado e incluir el aneurisma dentro de los diagnósticos diferenciales.


Subject(s)
Aneurysm/surgery , Hernia, Inguinal/surgery , Testis/blood supply , Adolescent , Aneurysm/diagnosis , Arteries , Hernia, Inguinal/diagnosis , Humans , Male
11.
Rev Alerg Mex ; 65(3): 233-241, 2018.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30176201

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Food allergy is an adverse reaction secondary to a specific immune response after exposure to a food. Knowing the natural course of food allergies is essential for opportune diagnosis and treatment. OBJECTIVE: To know the clinical profile of children diagnosed with food allergy attended to at the pediatric allergology department of a secondary care hospital. METHODS: Cross-sectional study of medical records of children with a confirmed diagnosis of food allergy. The type of food allergy, initial clinical presentation, history of familial atopy, time of breastfeeding, ablactation age and positive food allergens per patient, among others, were assessed. Descriptive analysis was performed and association was searched with the chi-square test. RESULTS: Females were predominant among 95 patients. Milk, soy, wheat and egg were the foods with more allergic responses. Predominant clinical manifestations were gastrointestinal. The time from symptoms' onset to definitive diagnosis was 3.2 years. Food allergy was associated with an ablactation age ≥ 6 months, milk and soy with respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms, egg with respiratory and dermatological symptoms, and wheat with gastrointestinal symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Food allergies in our population appeared mainly as gastrointestinal symptoms and there was an association between clinical presentation and allergenic foods.


Antecedentes: La alergia alimentaria es una reacción adversa secundaria a una respuesta inmune específica tras la exposición a un alimento. Conocer el curso natural de las alergias alimentarias es esencial para el diagnóstico y tratamiento oportunos. Objetivo: Conocer el perfil clínico de niños con diagnóstico de alergia alimentaria, atendidos en el servicio de alergología pediátrica de un hospital de segundo nivel. Métodos: Estudio transversal de expedientes de niños con diagnóstico confirmado de alergia alimentaria. Se estudió tipo de alergia alimentaria, cuadro clínico inicial, antecedentes de atopia familiar, tiempo de alimentación al seno materno, edad de ablactación, alimentos alérgenos positivos por paciente, entre otros. Se realizó análisis descriptivo y búsqueda de asociación con chi cuadrada. Resultados: De 95 pacientes estudiados, predominaron las mujeres. Leche, soya, trigo y huevo fueron los alimentos con más respuestas alérgicas. Las manifestaciones clínicas más comunes fueron gastrointestinales. El tiempo de inicio de los síntomas al diagnóstico definitivo fue de 3.2 años. La alergia alimentaria se asoció con edad de ablactación ≥ 6 meses; leche y soya con sintomatología respiratoria y gastrointestinal, huevo con respiratoria y dermatológica y trigo con gastrointestinal. Conclusiones: Las alergias alimentarias se manifestaron principalmente con síntomas gastrointestinales y existió asociación entre cuadro clínico y alimentos alérgenos.


Subject(s)
Food Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Mexico , Retrospective Studies
12.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol. (En línea) ; 83(3): 250-256, jun. 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-959512

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: La Diabetes Gestacional (DG) es la intolerancia a carbohidratos que se reconoce por primera vez durante el embarazo. En México la prevalencia es del 8.7-17.7%. Estas pacientes tienen mayor riesgo de complicaciones maternas-fetales en comparación con la población general. Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de conocimiento sobre factores de riesgo y complicaciones materno-fetales de DG. Métodos: Se realizó una encuesta en un hospital público del Noroeste de México con 150 embarazadas, se midió el conocimiento sobre factores de riesgo y complicaciones materno-fetales relacionadas con DG mediante una encuesta elaborada y validada con KR-20 del 0.87 y Pérez-Padilla y Viniegra de 8. Resultados: La edad media de la población fue 27 años, con estrato socioeconómico II de Graffar en 88%, predominando escolaridad preparatoria en 41%, el 81% de ellas cuenta con pareja, 79% residen en área urbana, 57% es trabajadora, 80% sin coomorbilidades, 90% sin antecedente de DG, así como no haber recibido platicas sobre DG en 69%. El nivel de conocimiento encontrado fue: 48% azar, 19% muy bajo, 16% bajo, 11% regular, 2% alto, 4% muy alto. Conclusiones: Existe un bajo nivel de conocimiento de factores de riesgo y complicaciones de la DG entre las embarazadas. Éste nivel aumenta a mayor nivel educativo y económico, al tener antecedente de diabetes gestacional en embarazos previos y de recibir pláticas sobre este tema.


ABSTRACT Introduction: Gestational Diabetes (GD) is the carbohydrate intolerance that is recognized for the first time during pregnancy. In Mexico, the prevalence is 8.7-17.7%. These patients have a higher risk of maternal-fetal complications compared to the general population. Objective: To determine the level of knowledge about risk factors and maternal-fetal complications of GD. Methods: A survey was conducted in a public hospital in Northwest Mexico, with 150 pregnant women, knowledge about risk factors and maternal-fetal complications related to GD was measured through a survey developed and validated with KR-20 of 0.87 and Perez-Padilla and Viniegra of 8. Results: The average age of the population was 27 years, with Graffar socioeconomic level II in 88%, with preparatory schooling prevailing in 41%, 81% of them have a partner, 79% live in an urban area, 57% are working, 80% without coomorbidity, 90% without background of DG, as well as not having received talks on DG in 69%. The level of knowledge found was: 48% chance, 19% very low, 16% low, 11% regular, 2% high, 4% very high. Conclusions: There is a low level of knowledge of risk factors and complications of GD among pregnant women. This level increases to a higher educational and economic level, having a history of gestational diabetes in previous pregnancies and receiving talks on this topic.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Diabetes, Gestational/prevention & control , Pregnancy Complications , Surveys and Questionnaires , Risk Factors , Diabetes, Gestational/etiology
13.
Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex ; 75(3): 145-152, 2018.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29799534

ABSTRACT

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute systemic vasculitis of small and medium vessels, which occurs primarily in children; it manifests itself as a febrile syndrome coupled with vasculitis data and can cause coronary artery abnormalities in 25% of untreated patients. The objective of this study was to describe the clinical behavior and to identify risk factors for cardiovascular complications in pediatric patients with KD, in a second level hospital in Northwestern Mexico. Methods: Under a case series design, we studied pediatric patients with diagnosis of KD. We measured clinical variables, laboratory values and the presence of cardiac complications; the probability of risk was determined with odds ratio (OR) and the association with chi squared test. Results: 12 patients were included, and the female gender predominated; the mean age of presentation of KD was 2 years. The clinical presentation was complete in 100 % of the cases and patients also presented atypical manifestations. 50% of the patients studied had cardiovascular complications, the most common of which was coronary disease (33%). The variables male gender, age under 2 years and anemia reported OR of 5.5 and 10 to present cardiovascular complications. Conclusions: Cardiovascular complications of KD are frequent (more than 30%). Male gender, age under 2 years and anemia increase the probability of risk for the presence of cardiovascular complications.


Introducción: La enfermedad de Kawasaki (EK) es una vasculitis sistémica aguda de pequeños y medianos vasos, que se presenta principalmente en niños. Se manifiesta como síndrome febril aunado a datos de vasculitis, y puede causar anormalidades en las arterias coronarias en el 25% de los pacientes no tratados. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir el comportamiento clínico y la identificación de factores de riesgo para complicaciones cardiovasculares en pacientes pediátricos con EK atendidos en un hospital de segundo nivel del noroeste de México. Métodos: Bajo un diseño de serie de casos, se estudiaron pacientes pediátricos con diagnóstico de EK. Se midieron variables clínicas, de laboratorio y presencia de complicaciones cardiacas, y se estimó la probabilidad de riesgo con razón de momios (RM) y asociación con prueba de ji al cuadrado. Resultados: Se incluyeron 12 pacientes y predominó el sexo femenino; la edad media de presentación de la EK fue de 2 años. La presentación clínica fue completa en el 100% de los casos y hubo además manifestaciones atípicas. El 50% de los pacientes estudiados presentaron complicaciones cardiovasculares; la más común fue afección coronaria (33%). Las variables sexo masculino, edad menor de 2 años y anemia tuvieron RM de 5.5 y 10 de presentar complicaciones cardiovasculares. Conclusiones: Las complicaciones cardiovasculares de la EK son frecuentes (más del 30% de los pacientes). Las variables sexo masculino, edad menor de 2 años y anemia incrementaron la probabilidad de riesgo para la presencia de complicaciones cardiovasculares.


Subject(s)
Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Coronary Disease/etiology , Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome/complications , Age Factors , Anemia/complications , Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology , Child, Preschool , Coronary Disease/epidemiology , Coronary Vessel Anomalies/etiology , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Mexico , Risk Factors , Sex Factors
14.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 150(9): 331-335, mayo 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-173384

ABSTRACT

Introducción y objetivo: La disociación albuminocitológica en el líquido cefalorraquídeo (LCR) apoya el diagnóstico de síndrome de Guillain-Barré (SGB) pero no ayuda en el pronóstico, por lo que el objetivo de este estudio es determinar la utilidad de las cifras de proteínas en el LCR para predecir la evolución en pacientes pediátricos. Pacientes y métodos: Se realizó un estudio de prueba diagnóstica, en pacientes pediátricos con SGB, analizando variables sociodemográficas, clínicas y proteínas en LCR, así como electromiografía; también se documentó la presencia de disautonomías. Resultados: Se analizaron datos de 23 pacientes, predominando el sexo masculino (87%), la edad escolar (43,5%) y el antecedente de infección digestiva (73,9%). Mediante la curva COR se encontró, para la presencia de disautonomías, un área bajo la curva de 0,966 con mejor punto de corte de proteínas en LCR de 87-92 proteínas/mm, y para evaluar la pobre respuesta al tratamiento con inmunoglobulina intravenosa, de 0,969, con mejor punto de corte en 157 proteínas/mm. Conclusión: La cantidad de proteínas en el LCR puede utilizarse como un indicador pronóstico y de gravedad, de tal manera que unas proteínas mayores de 100 en el LCR se traducen en una evolución tórpida y con mayores complicaciones


Introduction and objective: The albumin-cytologic dissociation in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) supports the diagnosis of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) but does not support the prognosis, so the aim of this study is to determine the usefulness of protein numbers in the CSF to predict progression in paediatric patients. Patients and methods: A diagnostic test was performed in paediatric patients with GBS, analysing sociodemographic, clinical and protein variables in CSF as well as electromyography. The presence of dysautonomia was also documented. Results: Data were analysed from 23 patients, predominantly males (87%), school age (43.5%) and history of digestive infection (73.9%). Using the ROC curve, an area under the curve of 0.966 with best CSF protein cut-off point of 87-92 proteins/mm was found for the presence of dysautonomias and to evaluate the poor response to treatment with 0.969 intravenous immunoglobulin with better cut-off point in 157 proteins/mm. Conclusion: The amount of proteins in the CSF can be used as a prognostic indicator and severity, such that proteins greater than 100 in CSF translate into a torpid evolution and with greater complications


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Guillain-Barre Syndrome/cerebrospinal fluid , Guillain-Barre Syndrome/complications , Guillain-Barre Syndrome/diagnosis , Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins/analysis , Cerebrospinal Fluid/cytology , Primary Dysautonomias , Prognosis , Guillain-Barre Syndrome/therapy , Electromyography/methods
15.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 150(9): 331-335, 2018 05 11.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28870420

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: The albumin-cytologic dissociation in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) supports the diagnosis of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) but does not support the prognosis, so the aim of this study is to determine the usefulness of protein numbers in the CSF to predict progression in paediatric patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A diagnostic test was performed in paediatric patients with GBS, analysing sociodemographic, clinical and protein variables in CSF as well as electromyography. The presence of dysautonomia was also documented. RESULTS: Data were analysed from 23 patients, predominantly males (87%), school age (43.5%) and history of digestive infection (73.9%). Using the ROC curve, an area under the curve of 0.966 with best CSF protein cut-off point of 87-92 proteins/mm was found for the presence of dysautonomias and to evaluate the poor response to treatment with 0.969 intravenous immunoglobulin with better cut-off point in 157 proteins/mm. CONCLUSION: The amount of proteins in the CSF can be used as a prognostic indicator and severity, such that proteins greater than 100 in CSF translate into a torpid evolution and with greater complications.


Subject(s)
Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins/cerebrospinal fluid , Guillain-Barre Syndrome/cerebrospinal fluid , Adolescent , Area Under Curve , Child , Child, Preschool , Disease Progression , Female , Gastrointestinal Diseases/complications , Guillain-Barre Syndrome/complications , Guillain-Barre Syndrome/therapy , Humans , Hypertension/etiology , Immunoglobulins, Intravenous/therapeutic use , Infant , Male , Prognosis , ROC Curve , Respiratory Tract Infections/complications , Tachycardia/etiology , Treatment Outcome
16.
Rev. colomb. anestesiol ; 46(4): 273-278, 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-978207

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Postoperative delirium is defined as an acute confusional state with altered levels of attention and consciousness. It presents for a short period of time with a transient and fluctuating evolution, with long-term outcomes of cognitive dysfunction. It has been observed mostly in extreme age groups and has been associated with factors that increase the risk of occurrence. Objective: To identify any factors associated with the development of postoperative delirium in the elderly following anesthesia. Materials and methods: An analytical cross-section study was conducted in elderly patients receiving anesthesia at a second-level hospital, from November 2016 to November 2017. The confusion assessment method was used based on 4 items for making the diagnosis of delirium. The data obtained were statistically analyzed with measures of central tendency, and the risk probability was estimated. Results: A total of 100 patients aged between 60 and 93 years old were studied, with postoperative delirium present in 18% of the sample. There was a statistically significant association among patients with severe pain, those with a low level of education, and those who did not have a stable partner. Conclusion: It is important to study the postoperative delirium factors to be able to identify the population at higher risk of experiencing postoperative delirium, with a view to reducing the number of long-term complications.


Resumen Introducción: El delirio en el postoperatorio se define como un estado confusional agudo con alteraciones en la atención y conciencia. Este se presenta en un período corto de tiempo y presenta una evolución transitoria y fluctuante, con un desenlace a largo plazo en disfunción cognitiva. Se ha observado una mayor presentación en los extremos de la vida y su asociación con factores que aumentan el riesgo de presentación. Objetivo: Identificarlos factores asociados a la presentación de delirio postoperatorio del adulto mayor sometido a anestesia. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal analítico en pacientes adultos mayores sometidos a anestesia en un hospital de segundo nivel, en el periodo de Noviembre 2016 a Noviembre 2017. Se aplicó el método de evaluación de confusión (Test CAM) consistente en 4 ítems que hacen diagnóstico de delirio. Los datos obtenidos se analizaron estadísticamente con medidas de tendencia central y se calcularon probabilidades de riesgo. Resultados: Se estudiaron 100 pacientes con rango de edades entre los 60 y 93 años, obteniendo delirio postoperatorio en 18% de la muestra. Se encontró una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre los pacientes con dolor severo, aquellos que no contaban con algun grado de escolaridad y los que no contaban con una pareja estable. Conclusiones: Es importante el estudio de factores asociados a delirio postoperatorio que permitan identificar la población en más alto riesgo de desarrollarlo, buscando disminuir complicaciones a largo plazo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Postoperative Period , Delirium , Anesthesia , Cross-Sectional Studies , Probability , Confusion , Conscience , Consciousness , Cognitive Dysfunction
17.
Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 74(6): 413-418, nov.-dic. 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-951280

ABSTRACT

Resumen: Introducción: Los niveles bajos de vitamina D se han asociado con una gama de condiciones clínicas como obesidad, resistencia a la insulina y diabetes mellitus. Existen pocos estudios donde se hayan realizado mediciones de la forma activa de la vitamina D (1,25 (OH)2 vitamina D) en niños con obesidad. Sin embargo, los datos publicados no son concluyentes. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar los niveles de la forma activa de la vitamina D en niños con obesidad y sobrepeso y determinar la asociación entre los niveles bajos de esta vitamina, la obesidad y las alteraciones del metabolismo de la glucosa. Métodos: Estudio transversal analítico en niños de 6 a 12 años de edad con exceso de adiposidad determinado por el índice cintura-estatura y el índice Z de masa corporal. Se midieron niveles de glucosa, insulina, perfil de lípidos completo, modelo homeostático para evaluar la resistencia a la insulina y la forma activa de la vitamina D. Se consideraron como niveles bajos de vitamina D aquellos menores a 30 pg/ml. Resultados: La prevalencia de niveles bajos de la forma activa de la vitamina D fue del 36%. La asociación entre niveles bajos de la forma activa de la vitamina D y niveles altos de insulina resultó estadísticamente significativa. No se encontró asociación significativa entre los niveles de la vitamina y las medidas de adiposidad. Conclusiones: Se encontraron niveles bajos de la forma activa de la vitamina D en el 36% de la población estudiada, y se demostró su asociación con la resistencia a insulina e hiperinsulinemia.


Abstract: Background: Low levels of vitamin D have been associated with a range of clinical conditions such as obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes mellitus, among others. There are few studies that measure the active form of vitamin D (1,25 (OH)2 vitamin D) in obese children. However, published data are inconclusive. The aim of this study was to determine the active levels of vitamin D in obese and overweight children and to find an association between low levels of vitamin D, obesity and impaired glucose metabolism. Methods: A cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted in 6 to 12-year-old children with excess adiposity determined by waist-stature index and body mass index. Levels of glucose, insulin, complete lipid profile, homeostatic model assessment and the active form of vitamin D were measured in each patient. Levels < 30 pg/ml were considered as low levels of vitamin D. Results: The prevalence of low levels of active vitamin D was 36%. A significant association between low levels of active vitamin D and high levels of insulin was found. No significant association was found between vitamin levels and adiposity measures. Conclusions: Low levels of active vitamin D were found in 36% of the population studied. A significant association with insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia was demonstrated.


Subject(s)
Child , Female , Humans , Male , Vitamin D/analogs & derivatives , Blood Glucose/metabolism , Overweight/epidemiology , Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology , Vitamin D/blood , Insulin Resistance , Cross-Sectional Studies , Overweight/blood , Adiposity , Waist Circumference/physiology , Pediatric Obesity/blood , Hyperinsulinism/epidemiology , Insulin/metabolism , Lipids/blood , Mexico/epidemiology
18.
Rev Chil Pediatr ; 88(4): 507-510, 2017.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28898319

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Tetanus is an acute disease caused by a toxin produced by Clostridium tetanii. The disease can affect people of any age, and the fatality rate is high. Thanks to immunization the number of cases of the disease has decreased, although they are still present in isolation in countries with social and economic backwardness. OBJECTIVE: To describe a case of a pediatric patient with generalized tetanus to reinforce the relevance of prophylaxis and early detection. CASE REPORT: 6 years old female patient, with only one dose of pentavalent vaccine, 10 days after sharps injury by wood chips, starts with fever, muscle pain and generalized contractions, Tetanus was diagnosed by clinical symptoms and history. The management was based on the latest recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO): Penicillin-Metronidazole antibiotic regimen, tetanus toxoid and tetanus high-dose gammaglobulin. After 2 years of follow-up under physiotherapy support, slight motor sequelae were observed. CONCLUSION: Tetanus is still presented in the pediatric population, associated with lack of vaccination. It is necessary to know the disease to provide proper diagnosis and management according to international lineaments.


Subject(s)
Tetanus/diagnosis , Child , Early Diagnosis , Female , Humans , Tetanus/etiology , Tetanus/therapy , Tetanus Toxoid
20.
Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 74(2): 141-146, mar.-abr. 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-888607

ABSTRACT

Resumen: Introducción: El síndrome de Evans se caracteriza por la disminución de, al menos, dos líneas celulares en ausencia de otros diagnósticos. Anteriormente, se definía como el desarrollo simultáneo o secuencial de trombocitopenia inmune primaria y anemia hemolítica autoinmune sin etiología específica. Se ha reportado una incidencia del 37% y una mortalidad del 10% de este síndrome. Casos clínicos: Se presenta la información clínica y la evolución del síndrome de Evans en dos pacientes lactantes que inicialmente fueron diagnosticados con trombocitopenia inmune primaria. El diagnóstico clínico se apoyó con estudios de gabinete, donde se corroboraron las alteraciones hematológicas. El manejo se realizó con esteroides e inmunoglobulina. Conclusiones: En el abordaje del paciente pediátrico con trombocitopenia se deben buscar alteraciones de otra línea celular. En los casos reportados se detectó la presencia de anemia hemolítica y monocitosis, por lo que se deben incluir estudios infecciosos e inmunológicos. El tratamiento de primera línea es con esteroides, y debe considerarse la administración de inmunoglobulina si existe trombocitopenia severa asociada, como se observó en estos casos.


Abstract: Background: Evans syndrome is characterized by the reduction of at least two blood cell lineages in the absence of other diagnoses; it was previously described as the simultaneous or sequential development of autoimmune hemolytic anemia and immune thrombocytopenia with unknown etiology. An incidence of 37% and mortality rate of 10% were reported for Evans syndrome. Clinical cases: We report the clinical presentation and evolution of Evans syndrome in two infants who were initially diagnosed with immune thrombocytopenia. The clinical diagnosis was supported on complementary studies, where hematological disorders were corroborated. Both cases received treatment with steroids and intravenous immunoglobulin. Conclusions: For the management of children with thrombocytopenia, the pediatrician must analyze for other cell lineage disorders. In the cases that we report here, we found the presence of autoimmune hemolytic anemia and monocytosis. Therefore, infectious and immunological studies must be included. The first-line treatment of choice are steroids, and intravenous immunoglobulin can be considered if severe immune thrombocytopenia is associated, as observed in these cases.

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