Iloprost in the management of peripheral arterial disease in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Diabetic complications in the lower extremities, especially those secondary to diabetic macroangiopathy, have increasingly become a clinical emergency, given the high prevalence and progression of the disease. Until recently, the only approach to treating advanced stage disease was medical therapy and major amputation; however, the advent of revascularization procedures has radically improved the prognosis of patients with critical lower limb ischemia. In this setting, iloprost holds a dual position: as first-choice therapy in patients ineligible for revascularization and as complementary therapy in candidates for surgical or endovascular revascularization.

Mutations affecting the expression of the MOX gene encoding peroxisomal methanol oxidase in Hansenula polymorpha.

In this study, aimed at identifying genetic factors acting positively upon the MOX gene, we report the isolation and characterisation of several methanol utilisation-defective (Mut-) mutants of Hansenula polymorpha. These fall into 12 complementation groups, eight of which show significant reductions in alcohol (methanol) oxidase activity in methanol. Three of these groups, identifying the MUT3, MUT5 and MUT10 loci, exhibit extremely low levels of MOX promoter activity, not only in methanol medium, but also during growth in glycerol or methylamine. We suggest that these loci play a significant role in the derepression of the MOX gene expression. One of these genes (MUT10) also seems to be involved in the utilisation of carbon sources other than methanol, and it is apparent that the same gene plays some role in the biogenesis or in the enlargement of the peroxisome. Three other genes (MUT7, MUT8 and MUT9) appear to be involved in peroxisome biogenesis, whereas most other mutants harbour lesions that leave the peroxisome biogenesis and proliferation unaffected.