ABSTRACT
The present review covers fluoroquinolone usage in chronic otitis suppurativa (COS) in case of chronic otitis media, cholesteatoma, radical mastoid cavity infection and chronic or relapsing otitis externa. A total of six publications were included in the final evaluation. Enoxacin was effective in 35%; ciprofloxacin (five publications) was used in 82 patients with 67% effectivity in otitis externa and otitis media and 61% effectivity in radical mastoid cavity infection. No serious adverse reactions were reported. The promising efficacy of otitis media and otitis externa and safety profile needs further confirmation in double blind prospective clinical studies, that will provide a firm basis for changing the current treatment schedules of COS.
Subject(s)
Ciprofloxacin/therapeutic use , Naphthyridines/therapeutic use , Otitis Media, Suppurative/drug therapy , Otitis Media/drug therapy , Cholesteatoma/drug therapy , Chronic Disease , Clinical Trials as Topic , Enoxacin , Humans , Mastoiditis/drug therapy , Otitis Externa/drug therapySubject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Ciprofloxacin/pharmacology , Fluoroquinolones , Mycobacterium/drug effects , Norfloxacin/pharmacology , Oxazines/pharmacology , Ciprofloxacin/analogs & derivatives , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/drug effects , Norfloxacin/analogs & derivatives , Ofloxacin , PefloxacinABSTRACT
The in vitro interactions between bismuth subcitrate and a variety of antimicrobial agents against 12 Campylobacter pyloridis (C. pylori) isolates were studied by the agar dilution checkerboard technique. The combination of bismuth subcitrate with the older quinolone, oxolinic acid, produced synergistic activity against all strains. This observation, however, could not be extended to the (aryl) fluoroquinolones, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, and difloxacin, since synergy was rare or absent when bismuth subcitrate was combined with these antibiotics. Among the other antimicrobial agents tested, rifampin and the beta-lactams frequently showed showed MICs for C. pyloridis similar to those of bismuth subcitrate.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Campylobacter/drug effects , Organometallic Compounds/administration & dosage , Drug Synergism , Drug Therapy, Combination , Microbial Sensitivity TestsSubject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Cefazolin/pharmacology , Corynebacterium/drug effects , Rifampin/pharmacology , Tobramycin/pharmacology , Corynebacterium/classification , Drug Synergism , Drug Therapy, Combination/pharmacology , Microbial Sensitivity Tests/methods , Species SpecificityABSTRACT
The MS-2 automated system was compared with Rosco Neosensitabs agar diffusion for the gentamicin susceptibility of a group of 267 organisms isolated from clinical material. With Rosco Neosensitabs agar diffusion agreement with reference minimal inhibitory concentrations was 98.5%, while with the MS-2 system it was 100% if calcium and magnesium-supplemented MS-2 broth was used.
Subject(s)
Gentamicins/pharmacology , Microbial Sensitivity Tests/methods , Agar , DiffusionABSTRACT
The in vitro antimicrobial activity of ciprofloxacin (Bay o 9867) was compared with those of the other new fluorated piperazinyl-substituted quinoline derivatives: norfloxacin, ofloxacin, and pefloxacin, as well as with those of the earlier analogs, nalidixic acid and oxolinic acid. Virtually no resistance against the new fluorated piperazinyl-substituted quinoline derivatives was observed. As a rule, ciprofloxacin was about four times more active in vitro than the other new fluorated piperazinyl-substituted quinoline derivatives. The antibacterial spectrum of the new fluorated piperazinyl-substituted quinoline derivatives included, among other susceptible species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus spp., and members of the family Enterobacteriaceae. In the case of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and perfloxacin, anaerobes were included in the antibacterial spectrum as well. There was no cross resistance between the earlier analogs and the new fluorated piperazinyl-substituted quinoline derivatives. Regression analysis of MIC pairs for individual strains illustrated almost mathematical correlation between the antimicrobial activities of the quinoline derivatives.
