Ventilator associated pneumonia caused by Raoultella ornithinolytica in two immunocompetent trauma patients.

Infections with Raoultella ornithinolytica have recently been reported more frequently in the medical literature. This pathogen has the potential to cause many types of infections, including pneumonia. Here, we report the first two cases of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in trauma patients caused by Raoultella ornithinolytica. Both of these infections were successfully treated with antibiotics based on susceptibilities and the patients were able to be transferred out of the intensive care unit.

The excitation of solar-like oscillations in a δSct star by efficient envelope convection.

Delta Scuti (δSct) stars are opacity-driven pulsators with masses of 1.5-2.5 M⊙, their pulsations resulting from the varying ionization of helium. In less massive stars such as the Sun, convection transports mass and energy through the outer 30 per cent of the star and excites a rich spectrum of resonant acoustic modes. Based on the solar example, with no firm theoretical basis, models predict that the convective envelope in δSct stars extends only about 1 per cent of the radius, but with sufficient energy to excite solar-like oscillations. This was not observed before the Kepler mission, so the presence of a convective envelope in the models has been questioned. Here we report the detection of solar-like oscillations in the δSct star HD187547, implying that surface convection operates efficiently in stars about twice as massive as the Sun, as the ad hoc models predicted.

Deaf autonomy and deaf dependence. The early years of the Pennsylvania Society for the Advancement of the Deaf.

Deaf history is more complex and ambiguous than previous studies have indicated, and historians' preoccupation with the manual-oral controversy has precluded a full understanding of deaf people's lives. The historical interests and organized efforts of the Pennsylvania Society for the Advancement of the Deaf (PSAD) transcended language issues and focused on balancing the risks and the benefits of deaf self-determination. One hundred years ago, PSAD's leaders concentrated their efforts on philanthropy and lobbying for the general good of deaf Pennsylvanians, while remaining silent on controversies over deaf education. In effect, they accepted oralism and hearing hegemony in education in exchange for deaf autonomy and improvement in other areas of life. If the PSAD's experience is typical of other state organizations, simple historical models that focus on the actions of hearing oppressors obscure the actual creativity, struggles, and sophistication of America's deaf leaders.