ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Advanced cervical cancer is routinely treated with radiotherapy and cisplatin-containing chemotherapy. Hyperthermia has been shown to improve the results of both radiotherapy and cisplatin. The feasibility of the combination of all three modalities was demonstrated and reported in a study of 68 previously untreated cervical cancer patients in 2005. Long-term follow-up is presented here. METHODS: Sixty-eight patients with advanced cervical cancer were prospectively registered in the USA, Norway and the Netherlands, and treated with a combination of radiotherapy (external beam radiotherapy and brachytherapy for a biologically effective dose of at least 86.7 Gy), chemotherapy (at least four courses of weekly cisplatin (40 mg/m(2))) and locoregional hyperthermia (four weekly sessions). Long-term follow-up was gathered and recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) curves and survival estimates were obtained. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 81 months. Tumours in 28 patients have recurred, 21 of whom have died. Five-year RFS from the day of registration in the study is 57.5% (95%CI: 46.6-71.0) and five-year OS is 66.1% (95%CI: 55.1-79.3). Differences between countries can be explained by patient characteristics. CONCLUSION: The long-term survival results of the combination of full-dose radiotherapy, chemotherapy and hyperthermia fall well within previous reports for this patient group in randomised trials. The small trial size and lack of randomisation do not permit further interpretation.