ABSTRACT
Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are a family of ubiquitous proteins that help minimize the harmful effects of oxidative stress by catalyzing the reduction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and organic hydroperoxides to less harmful forms. A full-length cDNA corresponding to a 2-Cys Prx gene was isolated from the flatback mud crab Eurypanopeus depressus and designated as EdPrx-1 (GenBank accession no. EU684547). EdPrx-1 has a major open-reading frame of 594 bp and is capable of encoding a polypeptide of 198 amino acid residues. Like other 2-Cys Prxs, EdPrx-1 protein possesses two conserved cysteine residues that play an essential role for the antioxidant activity of the proteins. The EdPrx-1 protein, as deduced from the cDNA sequence, shows a high level (74-93%) of sequence similarity to the 2-Cys Prxs from other crustaceans as well as those from many arthropod species (73-76% similarity). It shares about 70% sequence similarity with homologs from mammalian species. EdPrx-1 gene is expressed at low level in the gill, hypodermis, and hepatopancreas tissues of the crab under non-stressed condition; however, its expression is elevated about three-fold in the gills under hypo-osmotic stress. This suggests a possible role in protecting against oxidative stress caused by the increased metabolic activities associated with hyperosmoregulation.
Subject(s)
Brachyura/genetics , Brachyura/physiology , Gene Expression Regulation , Peroxiredoxins/genetics , Stress, Physiological/genetics , Amino Acid Sequence , Animals , Base Sequence , Brachyura/metabolism , Cloning, Molecular , DNA, Complementary/genetics , Female , Humans , Male , Mice , Molecular Sequence Data , Osmotic Pressure , Oxidative Stress , Peroxiredoxins/chemistry , Phylogeny , Rats , Salinity , Survival RateABSTRACT
The intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) has evolved into an easily transported, computer-driven device for invasively assisting circulation. This article reviews the use of the IABP during interfacility patient transport by air. Air transport of the IABP-dependent patient creates unique clinical, logistical, and technical challenges. We review the function and clinical application of IABP in various air transport conditions. We also identify the complications of intra-aortic balloon pumping, such as hemorrhage, loss of trigger signals, cardiac arrest, and atmospheric pressure changes, and offer solutions. The effective clinical use of IABP in the air transport environment involves more than familiarity with the device and implications for its use; rapid identification of problems and implementation of solutions are required for successful transport and patient outcomes.
