ABSTRACT
Diabetes mellitus is a serious and complex metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. In recent years natural products has gained much more interest by researchers as alternative sources for diabetes treatment. Though many potential agents are identified so far but their clinical utility is limited because of their adverse effects. Therefore, there is a keen interest in discovering natural compounds to treat diabetes efficiently with less side effects. Dalbergia latifolia is well explored because of its diverse pharmacological activities including diabetes. Therefore, the present research work aimed to identify and isolate the potential antidiabetic agents from the heart wood of Dalbergia latifolia. We successfully extracted DGN and ISG from the heartwood and evaluated their antidiabetic potential both in-vivo and in-vitro. Alpha amylase activity inhibition of ISG and DGN was found to be 99.05 ± 8.54% (IC50 = 0.6025 µg/mL) and 84.68 ± 5.2% (IC50 = 0.0216 µg/mL) respectively. Glucose uptake assay revealed DGN (158%) promoted maximum uptake than ISG (77%) over control. In vivo anti diabetic activity was evaluated by inducing diabetes in SD rats with the help of HFD and STZ (35 mg/kg body weight). After the continuous administration of DGN (5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg) and ISG (5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg) for 14 days, we observed the reduction in the blood glucose levels, body weight, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein, blood urea, serum creatinine, serum glutamate oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase levels than vehicle group indicates the potency of ISG and DGN against diabetes.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: Xanthohumol (XH) is a prenylated chalcone available naturally and has diverse pharmacological activities. It has some limitations in the physiological environment such as biotransformation and less gastrointestinal tract absorption. To overcome the limitations, we prepared nanoformulations [solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs)] of XH. Therefore, an analytical method is required for the estimation of XH in the bulk nanoformulations, so we developed and validated a quality by design (QbD)-based ultraviolet (UV)-spectrophotometric method as per the International Conference of Harmonization (ICH) Q2 (R1) guidelines. Materials and Methods: The new analytical Qbd based UV-visible spectrophotometric technique is developed and validated for estimation of XH in bulk and SLNs as per ICH guidelines Q2 (R1). Critical method variables are selected on the basis of risk assessment studies. Optimization of method variables was performed using the a central composite design (CCD) model. Results: Multiregression ANOVA analysis showed an R2 value of 0.8698, which is nearer to 1, indicating that the model was best fitted. The optimized method by CCD was validated for its linearity, precision, accuracy, repeatability, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), and specificity. All validated parameters were found to be within the acceptable limits [% relative standard deviation (RSD) <2]. The method was linear between 2-12 g/mL concentration with R2 value 0.9981. Method was accurate with percent recovery 99.3-100.1%. LOD and LOQ were found to be 0.77 and 2.36 µg/mL, respectively. The precision investigation confirmed that the method was precise with %RSD <2. Conclusion: The developed and validated method was applied to estimate XH in bulk and SLNs. The developed method was specific to XH, which was confined by the specificity study.
