ABSTRACT
We report a case of acquired pincer nails in an infant with Kawasaki's disease. Given the absence of pain, the nails were left undisturbed. The pincer nail deformity spontaneously resolved as the nails grew out. Surgical treatment of multiple affected nails in this child would have been medically unnecessary.
Subject(s)
Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome/complications , Nails, Malformed/etiology , Female , Humans , Infant , Nails, Malformed/pathologySubject(s)
Bacteremia , Citrobacter freundii/isolation & purification , Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal/adverse effects , Enterobacteriaceae Infections/etiology , Hip Prosthesis/adverse effects , Prosthesis-Related Infections/etiology , Aged , Bacteremia/complications , Bacteremia/etiology , Fatal Outcome , Female , Humans , Prosthesis FailureABSTRACT
Known for its resistance to chemotherapy and radiation therapy, chondrosarcoma remains largely a surgically managed tumor predisposed to local recurrence and late distant metastasis. A 42-year-old man with known thoracic chondrosarcoma developed progressive low back pain, lower extremity weakness, and urinary incontinence. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomographic myelography demonstrated multiple filling defects throughout the lumbosacral region. Surgical excision of these lesions disclosed intradural, extramedullary drop metastases of the chondrosarcoma. The spread of neoplasms within the dural space is uncommon, accounting for less than 5% of spinal metastases, and has not previously been reported for chondrosarcoma.
Subject(s)
Chondrosarcoma/pathology , Dura Mater , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology , Soft Tissue Neoplasms/pathology , Thoracic Vertebrae , Adult , Chondrosarcoma/secondary , Chondrosarcoma/surgery , Diagnostic Imaging , Humans , Male , Soft Tissue Neoplasms/surgery , Spinal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Spinal Neoplasms/secondaryABSTRACT
The purpose of this research was to determine the degree to which compression of the humeral head into the glenoid concavity stabilizes it against translating forces. Ten normal fresh-frozen cadaver glenohumeral joints in which the labrum was preserved were used. A compressive load of 50 N was applied to the humeral head in a direction perpendicular to the glenoid surface. Increasing tangential forces were then applied until the head dislocated over the glenoid lip. The tangential force at dislocation was examined for eight different directions, 45° apart around the glenoid. Concavity-compression stability was then examined for an increased compressive load of 100 N. Finally, the protocol with 50 and 100 N of compressive load was repeated after the glenoid labrum was excised. Concavity-compression of the humeral head into the glenoid is a most efficient stabilizing mechanism. With the labrum intact the humeral head resisted tangential forces of up to 60% of the compressive load. The degree of compression stabilization varied around the circumference of the glenoid with the greatest magnitude superiorly and inferiorly. This may be attributed to the greater glenoid depth in these directions. Resection of the glenoid labrum reduced the effectiveness of compression stabilization by approximately 20%. These results indicate that concavity-compression may be an important mechanism for providing stability in the mid-range of glenohumeral motion where the capsule and ligaments are lax. The effectiveness is enhanced by the presence of an intact glenoid labrum.
