ABSTRACT
The target organs of graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR) in adult or neonates are the site of multifocal lymphocytic infiltrates. GVHR can also be acquired in utero by maternal cells crossing the placenta, but the fetal target organs are unknown. The aim of this study was to determine these target fetal organs. The distribution pathway of infused labeled lymphocytes within cryostat sections of fetal organs was analyzed, and fetal target organs of infused lymphocytes were investigated in both isogenic and semiallogenic situations. Isogenic cells were observed in less organs and semiallogenic cells were localized in a more restricted number of organs than isogenic cells. Furthermore, the liver, the thyroid, and the spleen were the fetal target organs in the two studied gestations. GALT, thymus, and kidney were also lymphocyte targets in isogenic gestation. In conclusion, isogenic cells induced GVHR in more fetal organs than semiallogenic cells.
Subject(s)
Fetus/immunology , Graft vs Host Disease/etiology , Lymphocytes/cytology , Animals , Cell Movement/immunology , Disease Models, Animal , Female , Fetal Diseases/immunology , Graft vs Host Disease/blood , Graft vs Host Disease/immunology , Lymphocytes/immunology , Models, Animal , Mothers , Organ Specificity/immunology , Swine , Time Factors , Transplantation Immunology , Transplantation, Homologous/adverse effects , Transplantation, Isogeneic/adverse effects , UterusABSTRACT
Spontaneous abortion (SA) is the most common complication of pregnancy and is estimated to be between 15 to 20% of all clinical pregnancies. However for "recurrent spontaneous abortion" (RSA) the frequency is more difficult to determine (between 0.05 to 1%). The purpose of this paper is to review the literature concerning RSA etiologies. Particular attention has been paid to the male factors contribution in RSA. Because of the poverty of controlled studies, answers to questions about the RSA are very difficult.
