Real-life experience in two cases of secondary prophylaxis with letermovir for CMV infection in solid organ transplantation.

IMPORTANCE: This observation provides comprehensive data on the clinical correlates of both cytomegalovirus (CMV) genotypic follow-up and clinical monitoring and outcomes for two different solid organ transplantation recipients that received letermovir as secondary prophylaxis. Our study emphasizes that monitoring of CMV disease in the patient and early genotypic detection of resistance mutations are essential when using new antiviral drugs for off-label indication in patients experiencing CMV relapses or not responding to standard antiviral therapy. These cases and the bibliography reviewed can be helpful for other researchers and clinicians working in the field to optimize the use of new treatments for transplant recipients since drug-resistant CMV infection is an important emerging problem even with new developments in antiviral treatment.

"Effect of calcifediol treatment and best available therapy versus best available therapy on intensive care unit admission and mortality among patients hospitalized for COVID-19: A pilot randomized clinical study".

OBJECTIVE: The vitamin D endocrine system may have a variety of actions on cells and tissues involved in COVID-19 progression especially by decreasing the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Calcifediol can rapidly increase serum 25OHD concentration. We therefore evaluated the effect of calcifediol treatment, on Intensive Care Unit Admission and Mortality rate among Spanish patients hospitalized for COVID-19. DESIGN: Parallel pilot randomized open label, double-masked clinical trial. SETTING: University hospital setting (Reina Sofia University Hospital, Córdoba Spain.) PARTICIPANTS: 76 consecutive patients hospitalized with COVID-19 infection, clinical picture of acute respiratory infection, confirmed by a radiographic pattern of viral pneumonia and by a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR with CURB65 severity scale (recommending hospital admission in case of total score > 1). PROCEDURES: All hospitalized patients received as best available therapy the same standard care, (per hospital protocol), of a combination of hydroxychloroquine (400 mg every 12 h on the first day, and 200 mg every 12 h for the following 5 days), azithromycin (500 mg orally for 5 days. Eligible patients were allocated at a 2 calcifediol:1 no calcifediol ratio through electronic randomization on the day of admission to take oral calcifediol (0.532 mg), or not. Patients in the calcifediol treatment group continued with oral calcifediol (0.266 mg) on day 3 and 7, and then weekly until discharge or ICU admission. Outcomes of effectiveness included rate of ICU admission and deaths. RESULTS: Of 50 patients treated with calcifediol, one required admission to the ICU (2%), while of 26 untreated patients, 13 required admission (50 %) p value X2 Fischer test p < 0.001. Univariate Risk Estimate Odds Ratio for ICU in patients with Calcifediol treatment versus without Calcifediol treatment: 0.02 (95 %CI 0.002-0.17). Multivariate Risk Estimate Odds Ratio for ICU in patients with Calcifediol treatment vs Without Calcifediol treatment ICU (adjusting by Hypertension and T2DM): 0.03 (95 %CI: 0.003-0.25). Of the patients treated with calcifediol, none died, and all were discharged, without complications. The 13 patients not treated with calcifediol, who were not admitted to the ICU, were discharged. Of the 13 patients admitted to the ICU, two died and the remaining 11 were discharged. CONCLUSION: Our pilot study demonstrated that administration of a high dose of Calcifediol or 25-hydroxyvitamin D, a main metabolite of vitamin D endocrine system, significantly reduced the need for ICU treatment of patients requiring hospitalization due to proven COVID-19. Calcifediol seems to be able to reduce severity of the disease, but larger trials with groups properly matched will be required to show a definitive answer.

COVID and CARE@. Mobile application for monitoring SARS-CoV-2 positive patients after hospitalization / COVID and CARE@. Aplicación móvil para el seguimiento tras hospitalización de pacientes SARS-CoV-2 positivo

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Retrasplante pulmonar. Visión contraria / Lung Re-Transplantation. The Opposite View Point

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Comorbilidades con impacto pronóstico tras el trasplante pulmonar / Comorbidities Impacting on Prognosis After Lung Transplant

Esta revisión pretende exponer de forma sucinta aquellas circunstancias clínicas previas al trasplante pulmonar que pueden repercutir negativamente en el pronóstico del trasplante a corto y largo plazo. Se plantean los métodos de rastreo y diagnóstico de comorbilidades comunes de impacto pronóstico negativo sobre el trasplante, tanto de patologías pulmonares como extrapulmonares, y se proponen medidas dirigidas a su corrección. La coordinación y el intercambio de información entre los centros que remiten a los candidatos y los centros trasplantadores permitirán detectar y corregir estas comorbilidades con el fin de minimizar los riesgos y de mejorar las expectativas de supervivencia de los pacientes trasplantados

The aim of this review is to give an overview of the clinical circumstances presenting before lung transplant that may have negative repercussions on the long and short-term prognosis of the transplant. Methods for screening and diagnosis of common comorbidities with negative impact on the prognosis of the transplant are proposed, both for pulmonary and extrapulmonary diseases, and measures aimed at correcting these factors are discussed. Coordination and information exchange between referral centers and transplant centers would allow these comorbidities to be detected and corrected, with the aim of minimizing the risks and improving the life expectancy of transplant receivers

Comorbidities impacting on prognosis after lung transplant.

The aim of this review is to give an overview of the clinical circumstances presenting before lung transplant that may have negative repercussions on the long and short-term prognosis of the transplant. Methods for screening and diagnosis of common comorbidities with negative impact on the prognosis of the transplant are proposed, both for pulmonary and extrapulmonary diseases, and measures aimed at correcting these factors are discussed. Coordination and information exchange between referral centers and transplant centers would allow these comorbidities to be detected and corrected, with the aim of minimizing the risks and improving the life expectancy of transplant receivers.

Reducción de tamaño del angiomiolipoma renal tras el tratamiento con everolimus en trasplante pulmonar por linfangioleiomiomatosis / Reduction in Size of Renal Angiomyolipoma after Treatment with Everolimus in Lung Transplantation due to Lymphangioleiomyomatosis

La linfangioleiomiomatosis (LAM) es una enfermedad rara caracterizada por la proliferación anormal de células musculares lisas inmaduras y una destrucción quística del pulmón, que condiciona el pronóstico de la enfermedad. Los angiomiolipomas renales suelen ser muy frecuentes en esta enfermedad, generalmente de curso asintomático, salvo complicaciones. Ante la ausencia de un tratamiento curativo, las últimas publicaciones reflejan resultados esperanzadores en la terapia molecular para evitar el deterioro funcional y el control del tamaño de los angiomiolipomas. Entre estas terapias destacan los inhibidores del complejo mTOR, sobre todo sirolimus. Presentamos un caso clínico de una paciente diagnosticada de LAM sometida a trasplante pulmonar con reducción del tamaño del angiomiolipoma renal tras el tratamiento con el inhibidor mTOR everolimus(AU)

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare disease characterized by abnormal proliferation of immature smooth muscle cells and cystic lung destruction, which determines the prognosis of the disease. The kidney angiomyolipomas are usually very common in this disease and are usually asymptomatic unless complications arise. In the absence of a curative treatment, recent publications show promising results in molecular therapy to prevent functional decline and to control the size of the angiomyolipomas. These therapies include mTOR complex inhibitors, especially sirolimus. We report a case of a patient diagnosed with LAM who underwent lung transplantation with reduction of renal angiomyolipoma size after treatment with the mTOR inhibitor everolimus(AU)

Reduction in size of renal angiomyolipoma after treatment with everolimus in lung transplantation due to lymphangioleiomyomatosis.

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare disease characterized by abnormal proliferation of immature smooth muscle cells and cystic lung destruction, which determines the prognosis of the disease. The kidney angiomyolipomas are usually very common in this disease and are usually asymptomatic unless complications arise. In the absence of a curative treatment, recent publications show promising results in molecular therapy to prevent functional decline and to control the size of the angiomyolipomas. These therapies include mTOR complex inhibitors, especially sirolimus. We report a case of a patient diagnosed with LAM who underwent lung transplantation with reduction of renal angiomyolipoma size after treatment with the mTOR inhibitor everolimus.