ABSTRACT
El diagnóstico enfermero 00031 Limpieza ineficaz de las vías aéreas fue desarrollado en 1980 y sus últimos cambios tuvie-ron lugar en 1998. Este aspecto y el continuo cambio de la ciencia enfermera hacían necesaria su revisión. El proyecto sellevó a cabo en dos fases. Se analizaron un total de 99 artículos. Los factores relacionados más identificados fueron pre-sencia de secreciones, intubación/ventilación asistida e infección respiratoria. No hubo relaciones estadísticamente signifi-cativas entre estos factores y el tipo de paciente, el contexto ni el año de publicación de los artículos. Se propusieron dosnuevos factores relacionados: «tapón mucoso» y «exposición a sustancias nocivas».(AU)
The nursing diagnosis 00031 Ineffective clearance of the airways was developed in 1980 and its last changes took place in1998. This aspect and the continuous change in nursing science made it necessary to review it. The project was carried outin two phases. They were analyzed a total of 99 articles. The most identified related factors were presence of secretions,intubation/assisted ventilation, and respiratory infection. There are no statistically significant relationships between thesefactors and the type of patient, context and year of publication of the articles. Two new related factors were proposed:mucousplug and exposure to harmful substances.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Nursing Diagnosis , Nursing , Pathology , Standardized Nursing Terminology , Respiratory Tract DiseasesABSTRACT
Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease which presents with a risk of exacerbations. Good patient management and continuous monitoring are crucial for good disease control, and pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions are essential for proper treatment. Nurses specialised in asthma can contribute to the correct management of asthmatic patients. They play a key role in diagnostic tests, administration of medication, and patient follow-up and education. This consensus arose from the need to address an aspect of asthma management that does not appear in the specific recommendations of current guidelines. This document highlights and updates the role of specialized nurses in the care and management of asthma patients, offering conclusions and practical recommendations with the aim of improving their contribution to the treatment of this disease. Proposed recommendations appear as the result of a nominal consensus which was developed during 2019, and validated at the beginning of 2020.
ABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Tobacco Use Disorder/nursing , Tobacco Use Disorder/prevention & control , Smoking Prevention , Nurse's RoleABSTRACT
Background: To identify practices that do not add value, cause harm, or subject patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to a level of risk that outweighs possible benefits (overuse). Methods: A qualitative approach was applied. First, a multidisciplinary group of healthcare professionals used the Metaplan technique to draft and rank a list of overused procedures as well as self-care practices in patients with stable and exacerbated COPD. Second, in successive consensus-building rounds, description files were created for each "do not do" (DND) recommendation, consisting of a definition, description, quality of supporting evidence for the recommendation, and the indicator used to measure the degree of overuse. The consensus group comprised 6 pulmonologists, 2 general practitioners, 1 nurse, and 1 physiotherapist. Results: In total, 16 DND recommendations were made for patients with COPD: 6 for stable COPD, 6 for exacerbated COPD, and 4 concerning self-care. Conclusion: Overuse poses a risk for patients and jeopardizes care quality. These 16 DND recommendations for COPD will lower care risks and improve disease management, facilitate communication between physicians and patients, and bolster patient ability to provide self-care.
Subject(s)
Medical Overuse , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/therapy , Self Care/adverse effects , Clinical Decision-Making , Consensus , Cost-Benefit Analysis , Disease Progression , Health Care Costs , Humans , Medical Overuse/economics , Patient Safety , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/diagnosis , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/economics , Risk Assessment , Risk Factors , Self Care/economics , Unnecessary Procedures/adverse effectsABSTRACT
Los objetivos del estudio son estimar la prevalencia del hábito tabáquico entre los socios y las actitudes e intervenciones sobre tabaquismo que realizan los miembros SEPAR ante sus pacientes. Se realizó una encuesta on line, a la que respondieron 640 socios (496 neumólogos, 45 enfermeras, 34 cirujanos torácicos, 37 fisioterapeutas y 28 profesionales de otras especialidades). El 5% de los socios encuestados confiesan ser fumadores: neumólogos 3,4%; enfermería 8,9%; cirujanos torácicos 8,8%; fisioterapeutas 13,5%. El 96% de los socios dan mucha o bastante importancia a la función modélica. El 98% de los socios preguntan siempre o a menudo a sus pacientes sobre el consumo de tabaco. La intervención más eficaz para tratar el tabaquismo para un 77% de los socios es el uso de fármacos, combinado con soporte psicológico. Estos resultados son un exponente de la firme sensibilización e implicación que los miembros SEPAR tienen frente al tabaquismo
The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence of smoking among SEPAR members, and their approach to smoking cessation in their patients. An online survey was completed by 640 members (496 pulmonologists, 45 nurses, 34 thoracic surgeons, 37 physiotherapists, and 28 other specialists). Of the members interviewed, 5% confessed that they were smokers: 3.5% pulmonologists; 8.9% nurses; 8.8% thoracic surgeons, and 13.5% physiotherapists. A total of 96% of members assign a lot or quite a lot of importance to setting an example; 98% of members always or often ask their patients about their smoking habit. The most effective anti-smoking intervention, according to 77% of members, is a combination of drugs and psychological support. These results are an indicator of the awareness and commitment of SEPAR members to smoking and its cessation
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Tobacco Smoke Pollution/prevention & control , Tobacco Smoke Pollution/statistics & numerical data , Smoking/epidemiology , Health Personnel/statistics & numerical data , Societies, Medical/organization & administration , Societies, Medical/statistics & numerical data , Social Support , Analysis of Variance , Surveys and Questionnaires , Public Health/methodsABSTRACT
La Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR), a través de las áreas de Cirugía Torácica y de Oncología Torácica, ha promovido la realización de un manual de recomendaciones para el diagnóstico y el tratamiento del cáncer de pulmón de células no pequeñas. Las elevadas incidencia y mortalidad de esta patología hacen necesaria una constante actualización de las mejores evidencias científicas para su consulta por parte de los profesionales de la salud. Para su confección se ha contado con un amplio grupo de profesionales de distintas especialidades que han elaborado una revisión integral, que se ha concretado en 4 apartados principales. En el primero se ha estudiado la prevención y el cribado de la enfermedad, incluyendo los factores de riesgo, el papel de la deshabituación tabáquica y el diagnóstico precoz mediante programas de cribado. En un segundo apartado se ha analizado la presentación clínica, los estudios de imagen y el riesgo quirúrgico, incluyendo el cardiológico y la evaluación funcional respiratoria. Un tercero trata sobre los estudios de confirmación cito-histológica y de estadificación, con un análisis de las clasificaciones TNM e histológica, métodos no invasivos y mínimamente invasivos, así como las técnicas quirúrgicas para el diagnóstico y estadificación. En un cuarto y último capítulo se han abordado aspectos del tratamiento, como el papel de las técnicas quirúrgicas, la quimioterapia, la radioterapia, el abordaje multidisciplinar por estadios y otros tratamientos dirigidos frente a dianas específicas, terminando con recomendaciones acerca del seguimiento del cáncer de pulmón y los tratamientos paliativos quirúrgicos y endoscópicos en estadios avanzados
The Thoracic Surgery and Thoracic Oncology groups of the Spanish Society of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR) have backed the publication of a handbook on recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Due to the high incidence and mortality of this disease, the best scientific evidence must be constantly updated and made available for consultation by healthcare professionals. To draw up these recommendations, we called on a wide-ranging group of experts from the different specialties, who have prepared a comprehensive review, divided into 4 main sections. The first addresses disease prevention and screening, including risk factors, the role of smoking cessation, and screening programs for early diagnosis. The second section analyzes clinical presentation, imaging studies, and surgical risk, including cardiological risk and the evaluation of respiratory function. The third section addresses cytohistological confirmation and staging studies, and scrutinizes the TNM and histological classifications, non-invasive and minimally invasive sampling methods, and surgical techniques for diagnosis and staging. The fourth and final section looks at different therapeutic aspects, such as the role of surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, a multidisciplinary approach according to disease stage, and other specifically targeted treatments, concluding with recommendations on the follow-up of lung cancer patients and surgical and endoscopic palliative interventions in advanced stages
Subject(s)
Humans , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/therapy , Practice Patterns, Physicians' , Evidence-Based Practice , Smoking CessationABSTRACT
The Thoracic Surgery and Thoracic Oncology groups of the Spanish Society of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR) have backed the publication of a handbook on recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Due to the high incidence and mortality of this disease, the best scientific evidence must be constantly updated and made available for consultation by healthcare professionals. To draw up these recommendations, we called on a wide-ranging group of experts from the different specialties, who have prepared a comprehensive review, divided into 4 main sections. The first addresses disease prevention and screening, including risk factors, the role of smoking cessation, and screening programs for early diagnosis. The second section analyzes clinical presentation, imaging studies, and surgical risk, including cardiological risk and the evaluation of respiratory function. The third section addresses cytohistological confirmation and staging studies, and scrutinizes the TNM and histological classifications, non-invasive and minimally invasive sampling methods, and surgical techniques for diagnosis and staging. The fourth and final section looks at different therapeutic aspects, such as the role of surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, a multidisciplinary approach according to disease stage, and other specifically targeted treatments, concluding with recommendations on the follow-up of lung cancer patients and surgical and endoscopic palliative interventions in advanced stages.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/therapy , Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis , Lung Neoplasms/therapy , Biomarkers, Tumor/blood , Bronchoscopy , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/prevention & control , Chemoradiotherapy , Diagnostic Techniques, Respiratory System/standards , Early Detection of Cancer , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/prevention & control , Neoplasm Staging , Palliative Care , Pneumonectomy/standards , Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography , Pulmonary Medicine/organization & administration , Salvage Therapy , Smoking Cessation , Societies, Medical , Spain , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/therapy , Societies, Medical/organization & administration , Societies, Medical/standards , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/complications , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/epidemiology , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/prevention & control , Societies, Medical/ethics , Societies, Medical/legislation & jurisprudence , Risk Factors , Tobacco Smoke Pollution/prevention & control , Smoking/epidemiology , Smoking/prevention & control , Smoking Cessation/methods , Mass Screening/methodsABSTRACT
The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence of smoking among SEPAR members, and their approach to smoking cessation in their patients. An online survey was completed by 640 members (496 pulmonologists, 45 nurses, 34 thoracic surgeons, 37 physiotherapists, and 28 other specialists). Of the members interviewed, 5% confessed that they were smokers: 3.5% pulmonologists; 8.9% nurses; 8.8% thoracic surgeons, and 13.5% physiotherapists. A total of 96% of members assign a lot or quite a lot of importance to setting an example; 98% of members always or often ask their patients about their smoking habit. The most effective anti-smoking intervention, according to 77% of members, is a combination of drugs and psychological support. These results are an indicator of the awareness and commitment of SEPAR members to smoking and its cessation.
Subject(s)
Attitude of Health Personnel , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Pulmonary Medicine , Smoking/epidemiology , Societies, Medical , Thoracic Surgery , Adult , Counseling , Female , Health Behavior , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Nurses/psychology , Physical Therapists/psychology , Physicians/psychology , Prevalence , Pulmonary Medicine/organization & administration , Smoking/legislation & jurisprudence , Smoking/psychology , Smoking Cessation/psychology , Smoking Prevention/legislation & jurisprudence , Spain , Surveys and Questionnaires , Thoracic Surgery/organization & administration , Tobacco Use Disorder/epidemiology , Tobacco Use Disorder/psychologyABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Tobacco Smoke Pollution/adverse effects , Tobacco Smoke Pollution/prevention & control , Tobacco Use Cessation/methods , Tobacco Use Cessation/statistics & numerical data , Pregnancy Complications/therapyABSTRACT
No disponible
