ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to examine the association between frailty and depressive symptoms. METHODS: Cross-sectional and five-year longitudinal study. Data were from the population-based Survey of Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) waves six (2015) and eight (2020). Frailty was assessed using the SHARE-Frailty Instrument. Fatigue, appetite, walking difficulties, and physical activity were self-reported, and grip strength was measured using a handgrip dynamometer. The EURO-D 12-item scale was used to measure depressive symptoms. RESULTS: The sample comprised 25,771 older adults (56.2% female) with a mean age of 66.5 (95% CI 66.4, 66.6) years. The prevalence of frailty was 4.2% (95% CI 3.9, 4.4) in 2015 and 6.7% (95% CI 13.5, 14.3) in 2020. Among frail participants, 72.5% and 69.6% had depression in 2015 and 2020, respectively. Frailty was associated with depression over the 5 years. Those with pre-frailty and those with frailty in 2015 had 1.86 (95% CI 1.71, 2.01) and 2.46 (95% CI 2.14, 2.83) greater odds of having depressive symptoms in 2020. CONCLUSIONS: Frailty is a predictor of depression in older adults, and frail participants had greater odds of presenting depressive symptoms.
Subject(s)
Frailty , Humans , Female , Aged , Male , Frailty/epidemiology , Longitudinal Studies , Frail Elderly , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Depression/epidemiology , Hand Strength , Geriatric AssessmentABSTRACT
Sclerotic fibroma, also known as storiform collagenoma, is a rare benign tumor that grows on the skin, but it can also appear, less frequently, in the oral mucosa. It can present as part of Cowden syndrome manifestation, especially when multiple lesions are encountered, but it may also appear as a solitary, sporadic lesion in healthy individuals. We describe a patient, diagnosed with Cowden syndrome, who presented with a sclerotic fibroma in the oral mucosa, which is a very uncommon manifestation of Cowden syndrome.
