Unusual presentation of antisynthetase syndrome: a case series and review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: Antisynthetase syndrome is an inflammatory myopathy that is characterized by the presence of anti-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase antibodies. Only 30% of those who suffer from the disease can be identified. We present three Hispanic cases of antisynthetase syndrome with unusual clinical pictures were extended myositis panel results enable disease diagnosis and treatment. CASE PRESENTATION: A 57-year-old Hispanic/Latino female with an erythematous scaly plaque, unresolved fever and non-immune haemolytic anaemia in whom inpatient work-up for fever of unknown origin was positive for anti-PL12 positive myositis extended panel. A 72-year-old Hispanic/Latino male with amyopathic weakness syndrome and mechanic hands in whom impatient work-up was relevant for proximal muscle uptake and anti-PM75 and AntiPL-12 myositis extended panel. And a 67-year-old Hispanic/Latino male with progressive interstitial lung disease and unresolved fever ended in myositis extended panel positive for antiPL-7. After systemic immunosuppressor treatment, patients had favourable clinical and paraclinical responses during outpatient follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The high variability of the antisynthetase syndrome in these cases demonstrates the importance of identification through an expanded panel and highlights the probability that this is a variable disease and that we need to include emerging molecular tests to promote the timely treatment of patients.

COVID-19 presenting as acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis associated with multiorgan dysfunction in a 44-year-old female patient.

Acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is an unusual cutaneous reaction, most often related with a hypersensitivity reaction to commonly used drugs. It is characterized by an abrupt onset of a pustular rash within hours or days after drug exposure and usually resolves spontaneously within 1-2 weeks after drug discontinuation. Some cases associated with systemic involvement and shock have been reported. We present the case of a severe AGEP, manifesting in association with systemic involvement and haemodynamic instability resulting in shock and multiorgan dysfunction in an adult female patient diagnosed with COVID-19 infection. There were no identifiable associated drugs, and the patient was not initiated on antimalarial drugs. Our patient improved rapidly, both hemodynamically and dermatologically with no directed therapy.

Reacciones adversas poco comunes a antibióticos: Agranulocitosis por vancomicina / Rare adverse reactions to antibiotics: Vancomycin induced agranulocytosis

Las discrasias hemáticas inducidas por fármacos, son causadas por la interacción de diferentes fármacos con las células hematopoyéticas por medio de receptores específicos. Otros mecanismos fisiopatológicos pueden ser por toxicidad directa sobre la médula ósea o las células periféricas, por hipersensibilidad, por defectos inmunológicos secundarios a infecciones virales, por mecanismos mixtos o desconocidos. Las primeras asociaciones se describieron en la década de los años treinta. Los fármacos con mayor riesgo relativo de agranulocitosis o anemia aplásica son los antitiroideos, carbamazepina, las sulfonilureas, la indometacina, el piroxicam, entre otros. Se presentaa continuación el reporte de un caso clínico en paciente adulto quien con la administración de vancomicina presento agranulocitosis resolviendo el cuadro posterior a su suspensión.

The drug-induced blood dyscrasias are caused by the interaction of different drugs with the hematopoietic cells through specific receptors. Other pathophysiologic mechanisms may be by direct toxicity to bone marrow or peripheral cells, hypersensitivity, immunological defects secondary to viral infections, mixed or unknown mechanisms. The first associations were described in the thirties. Drugs with higher relative risk of a granulocytosis or aplastic anemia are antithyroid, carbamazepine, sulfonylurea, indomethacin and piroxicam among others. The report of a clinical case in an adult patient who after the administration of vancomycin presented agranulocytosis with resolution of the clinical picture after its suspension, is presented.