Use of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy on feces to estimate digestibility and dry matter intake of dietary nutritional characteristics under grazing conditions in Colombian creole steers.

Digestibility and intake are parameters difficult and expensive to estimate under grazing conditions; therefore, the aim of this study was to develop near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) calibrations applied to feces (F-NIRS) and evaluate their accuracy to predict dry matter digestibility (DMD) and dry matter intake (DMI) of Colombian creole cattle. Five digestibility trials using creole steers were conducted; indigestible neutral detergent fiber (iNDF) was used as internal marker and Cr2O3 and TiO2 as external markers. A total of 249 forage and 396 fecal samples from individual animals were collected, dried, and grinded for conventional chemical analysis. For spectral analysis, fecal samples were pooled across collection periods (77 samples). Chemometric analysis was performed using WinISI V4.10 software applying the modified partial least squares method. Cross-validation was performed to avoid overfitting the models. The goodness-of-fit statistics considered were the coefficient of determination in cross-validation and prediction sets (R2cv and r2, respectively) and the ratio performance deviation (RPD). Fecal NIRS calibrations developed for forage and supplement DMD showed a satisfactory fit (R2cv =0.87 and RPD=2.77 and R2cv=0.92 and RPD=3.50, respectively). The accuracy of fecal output equations using chromium (Cr) and titanium (Ti) was similar in terms of R2cv (0.92) and RPD (3.63 vs. 3.57). Total DMI equations using Ti performed better compared to Cr (R2cv = 0.82 vs. 0.78; RPD=2.41 vs. 2.17, respectively). The F-NIRS models were validated using a completely independent set of fecal samples showing a moderate fit (r2>0.8 and RPD>2.0). This study showed that F-NIRS is a feasible tool to predict DMD and DMI of creole steers under grazing conditions. However, previous to socialization, this requires an improvement in accuracy of the calibrated equations related to grazing animals in different production contexts.

Clinical relevance of the use of Dentoxol® for oral mucositis induced by radiotherapy: A phase II clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Severe oral mucositis associated with cancer therapy is a frequent complication that may affect a patient's systemic condition, resulting in interruption and/or prolongation of cancer therapy. Dentoxol® is a medical solution in the form of a mouthwash that has been shown to result in statistically significant improvement in the prevention of severe oral mucositis. However, knowing the measures of the clinical significance of this therapy is important for accurate decision-making. AIM: To describe the clinical impact of Dentoxol® use in severe oral mucositis. METHODS: Clinical significance was measured using the results obtained in a randomized controlled clinical trial previously conducted by the same group of researchers. The measures of clinical significance evaluated were the absolute risk or incidence, relative risk, absolute risk reduction, relative risk reduction, number needed to treat, and odds ratio. RESULTS: The data obtained show that the impact of Dentoxol® on reducing the severity of oral mucositis has important clinical relevance. CONCLUSION: The results of this study justify the incorporation of Dentoxol® mouth rinse into clinical protocols as a complement to cancer therapy to prevent and/or treat oral mucositis secondary to radiotherapy.

Comparative Analysis of the Chloroplast Genomes of Quercus × morehus and the Presumptive Parents Q. wislizeni and Q. kelloggii (Fagaceae) from California.

Here, we present the complete chloroplast genomes of Quercus × morehus, Q. wislizeni, and Q. kelloggii from California. The genomes are 161,119 to 161,130 bp and encode 132 genes. Quercus × morehus and Q. wislizeni are identical in sequence but differ from Q. kelloggii by three indels and eight SNPs.

Differences in cortical processing of facial emotions in broader autism phenotype.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous condition that affects face perception. Evidence shows that there are differences in face perception associated with the processing of low spatial frequency (LSF) and high spatial frequency (HSF) of visual stimuli between non-symptomatic relatives of individuals with autism (broader autism phenotype, BAP) and typically developing individuals. However, the neural mechanisms involved in these differences are not fully understood. Here we tested whether face-sensitive event related potentials could serve as neuronal markers of differential spatial frequency processing, and whether these potentials could differentiate non-symptomatic parents of children with autism (pASD) from parents of typically developing children (pTD). To this end, we performed electroencephalographic recordings of both groups of parents while they had to recognize emotions of face pictures composed of the same or different emotions (happiness or anger) presented in different spatial frequencies. We found no significant differences in the accuracy between groups but lower amplitude modulation in the Late Positive Potential activity in pASD. Source analysis showed a difference in the right posterior part of the superior temporal region that correlated with ASD symptomatology of the child. These results reveal differences in brain processing of recognition of facial emotion in BAP that could be a precursor of ASD.

Carbonic anhydrase IX and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 attenuate cardiac dysfunction after myocardial infarction.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Prognosis and mortality rate are directly related to infarct size and post-infarction pathological heart remodeling, which can lead to heart failure. Hypoxic MI-affected areas increase the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1), inducing infarct size reduction and improving cardiac function. Hypoxia translocates HIF-1 to the nucleus, activating carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) transcription. CAIX regulates myocardial intracellular pH, critical for heart performance. Our objective was to investigate CAIX participation and relation with sodium bicarbonate transporters 1 (NBC1) and HIF-1 in cardiac remodeling after MI. We analyzed this pathway in an "in vivo" rat coronary artery ligation model and isolated cardiomyocytes maintained under hypoxia. Immunohistochemical studies revealed an increase in HIF-1 levels after 2 h of infarction. Similar results were observed in 2-h infarcted cardiac tissue (immunoblotting) and in hypoxic cardiomyocytes with a nuclear distribution (confocal microscopy). Immunohistochemical studies showed an increase CAIX in the infarcted area at 2 h, mainly distributed throughout the cell and localized in the plasma membrane at 24 h. Similar results were observed in 2 h in infarcted cardiac tissue (immunoblotting) and in hypoxic cardiomyocytes (confocal microscopy). NBC1 expression increased in cardiac tissue after 2 h of infarction (immunoblotting). CAIX and NBC1 interaction increases in cardiac tissue subjected to MI for 2h when CAIX is present (immunoprecipitation). These results suggest that CAIX interacts with NBC1 in our infarct model as a mechanism to prevent acidic damage in hypoxic tissue, making it a promising therapeutic target.

Better overall survival in patients who achieve pathological complete response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer in a Chilean public hospital.

INTRODUCTION: There is extensive evidence associating the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NeoCT) with breast cancer (BC) survival. However, to the author's knowledge, there is no published data in Chile. The objective of the study is to evaluate whether achieving pathological complete response (pCR) after NeoCT is associated with greater survival and lower risk of recurrence in a Chilean Public Health Service. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of a database. Patients with a diagnosis of Stages I-III BC who received NeoCT between 2009 and 2019 were included. Clinical and pathological information were extracted from the clinical records. BC subtypes were defined using hormone receptor (HR) information (HR: oestrogen and/or progesterone) and epidermal growth factor type 2 (HER2), being divided into four groups: HR+/HER2-, HR+/HER2+, HR-/HER2+, HR-/HER2-. pCR was defined as the absence of invasive cancer in the breast and axilla (ypT0/is N0) after NeoCT. RESULTS: Of 3,092 patients, 17.2% received NeoCT. Of these, 40.2% corresponded to HR+/HER2-, 20.9% HR+/HER2+, 18.2% HR-/HER2+ and 20.7% HR-/HER2-. Overall, 24.8% achieved pCR, being the lowest for HR+/HER2- (10.3%) and the highest for HR-/HER2+ (53.2%). In the multivariable analysis, family history, HER2+ and type of chemotherapy were associated with a greater probability of pCR. With a median follow-up of 40 months, the overall survival and metastasis-free survival (MFS) at 3 years were greater for the group with pCR compared to that which did not achieve it (90.5% versus 76.7%, p = 0.03 and 88.5% versus 71.4%, p = 0.003, respectively). The multivariable analysis confirmed this finding. Brain MFS was similar in both groups. CONCLUSION: NeoCT is associated with greater pCR in aggressive BC subtypes. In those, achieving pCR was associated with better survival in our study. To the author's knowledge, this is the first study which evaluates the relation between pCR and BC subtypes in a Chilean public hospital.

Efficacy and safety of Dentoxol® in the prevention of radiation-induced oral mucositis in head and neck cancer patients (ESDOM): a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase II trial.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of Dentoxol mouthrinse in reducing the severity of oral mucositis (OM) secondary to radiation therapy (RT) for head and neck cancer. METHODS: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter phase II clinical trial was conducted. Subjects were asked to use Dentoxol (n = 55) or control (n = 53) mouthrinse 5 times/day during RT. Twice a week, OM was assessed clinically using the WHO scale and the Oral Mucositis Daily Questionnaire (OMDQ) was completed. RESULTS: The incidence of severe OM was 40.7% in the Dentoxol group and 51% in the control group (p = 0.265). Comparing all recorded clinical assessments, severe OM was seen in 13.3% of all assessments in the Dentoxol group vs. 21.8% in the control group (p = 0.000). There was a statistically significant lower proportion of assessments showing severe OM in the Dentoxol group at weeks 4, 5, and 6 of RT. The mean duration of severe OM was 11.95 days in the Dentoxol group vs. 14.59 days in the control group (p = 0.502). There was no difference between groups in mouth pain and its impact on function. The use of Dentoxol was safe and was not linked to any serious adverse events. CONCLUSION: The use of Dentoxol 5 times/day is safe and resulted in significantly fewer time-points with severe OM and a delay in the onset of severe OM, compared with a control rinse. A phase III clinical trial is warranted to confirm efficacy and address the limitations of this study.

Anomalías congénitas de los embera-chamí en los resguardos indígenas de riosucio, caldas, colombia, de 2007 a 2012

Introducción: Tal como sucede a nivel mundial, en Colombia las malformaciones congénitas son causas importantes de mortalidad infantil, enfermedad crónica y discapacidad. Las poblaciones indígenas de Colombia no cuentan con estudios definidos a este respecto, por lo cual la presente investigación se desarrolla en la zona indígena. Objetivo general: Caracterizar las anomalías congénitas de los indígenas Embera- Chamí residentes en los resguardos del municipio de Riosucio, Caldas, entre los años 2007 y 2012. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, aplicado a 125 nacidos vivos con anomalías congénitas. Se aplicó el formato especializado de Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS) de Colombia y para el análisis de variables se utilizó el paquete estadístico SPSS. Resultados: De 3.382 nacimientos el 3,7% (125) presentó anomalías congénitas. Se encuentra una asociación entre la edad de la madre y la presencia de anomalías congénitas. En el 87,2% de los casos fueron con edad gestacional de término. Las anomalías más frecuentes fueron: displasia de cadera, criptorquidia, malformaciones cardiovasculares, pie equino e hidrocefalia. Conclusiones: Se encuentra una incidencia de anomalías congénitas en la población indígena de los Embera-Chamí de Riosucio, Caldas, mayor que para el promedio de la población general en Colombia.

Introduction: As it happens worldwide, in Colombia, congenital malformations are important causes of child mortality, chronic disease and disabilities. Given that indigenous populations in Colombia do not count with specific research about this topic, this work is developed in an indigenous area. Objective: To characterize congenital abnormalities in Embera-Chamí indigenous people who live in the reservations of Riosucio, Caldas, between 2007 and 2012. Method: Descriptive and retrospective study applied on 125 newborns who had congenital malformations. We used the specialized format from Colombia's National Health Institute and we used SPSS to analyze the variables. Results: Out of 3.382 births, a 3.7% (125) had congenital malformations. We associated the age of the mother with the presence of said malformations. 87.2% of cases had term gestational age. Most frequent malformations were: hip dysplasia, cryptorchidism, cardiovascular malformations, clubfoot and hydrocephaly. Conclusions: There is a higher incidence of congenital malformations in the Embera-Chamí people, compared to the average of general population in Colombia.

Introdução: assim como acontece em outros países, na Colômbia, as más-formações congênitas são causas importantes de mortalidade infantil, doença crônica e deficiência. As populações indígenas colombianas não contam com estudos definidos sobre isso, portanto esta pesquisa é desenvolvida na zona indígena. Objetivo geral: caracterizar as anomalias congênitas dos indígenas Embera-Chamí residentes nas reservas do município de Riosucio, Caldas, entre 2007 e 2012. Métodos: estudo descritivo, retrospectivo, aplicado a 125 nascidos vivos com anomalias congênitas. Foi aplicado o formulário especializado do Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Colômbia; para a análise de variáveis, foi utilizado o pacote estatístico SPSS. Resultados: de 3.382 nascimentos, 3,7% (125) apresentaram anomalias congênitas. Verifica-se uma associação entre a idade da mãe e a presença de anomalias congênitas. Em 87,2% dos casos foram com idade gestacional de termo. As anomalias mais frequentes foram: displasia do quadril, criptorquidia, más-formações cardiovasculares, pé equino e hidrocefalia. Conclusoes: constata-se uma incidência de anomalias congênitas na população indígena dos Embera-Chamí de Riosucio, Caldas, maior que para a média da população geral na Colômbia.

Beta oscillations precede joint attention and correlate with mentalization in typical development and autism.

A precursor of adult social functioning is joint attention (JA), which is the capacity to share attention on an object with another person. JA precedes the development of the capacity to attribute mental states to others (i.e., mentalization or theory of mind). The neural mechanisms involved in the development of mentalization are not fully understood. Electroencephalographic recordings were made of children while they watched stimuli on a screen and their interaction with the experimenter was assessed. We tested whether neuronal activity preceding JA correlates with mentalization in typically developing (TD) children and whether this activity is impaired in children with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) who evidence deficits in JA and mentalization skills. Both groups exhibited JA behavior with comparable frequency. TD children displayed a higher amplitude of negative central (Nc) event-related potential preceding JA behavior (∼500 msec after stimuli presentation), than did the ASD group. Previous to JA behavior, TD children demonstrated beta oscillatory activity in the temporoparietal region, while ASD children did not show an increase in beta activity. In both groups, the beta power correlated with mentalization, suggesting that this specific neuronal mechanism is involved in mentalization, which used during social interaction.

Infecções fúngicas e bacterianas em portadores de HIV hospitalizados / Fungal and bacterial infections in hospitalized HIV carriers

Objetivo: investigar a ocorrência de infecções fúngicas e bacterianas nos pacientes portadores de HIV hospitalizados em um hospital universitário. Método: trata-se de estudo quantitativo, descritivo, retrospectivo, tipo transversal. Coletar-se-ão dados dos pacientes que estiveram internados em um hospital universitário, acometidos por infecção pelo HIV, por meio de pesquisa em prontuários impressos e eletrônicos. Resultados esperados: pretende-se conhecer a frequência de infecções fúngicas e bacterianas, especialmente a tuberculose, que acometem o paciente portador do HIV e a eficiência da hemocultura como diagnóstico de infecções bacterianas e fúngicas invasivas.(AU)

Objective: to investigate the occurrence of fungal and bacterial infections in hospitalized HIV patients in a university hospital. Method: this is a quantitative, descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study. Data will be collected from patients who were hospitalized in a university hospital, suffering from HIV infection, through research in printed and electronic medical records. Expected results: we intend to know the frequency of fungal and bacterial infections, especially tuberculosis, that affects the patient with HIV and the efficiency of blood culture as a diagnosis of invasive bacterial and fungal infections.(AU)

Objetivo: investigar La ocurrencia de infecciones fúngicas y bacterianas en los pacientes portadores de VIH hospitalizados en un hospital universitario. Método: se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, retrospectivo, tipo transversal. Se recolectarán los datos de los pacientes que estuvieron internados en un hospital universitario, acometidos por infección por el VIH, por medio de investigaciones en prontuarios impresos y electrónicos. Resultados esperados: se pretende conocer la frecuencia de infecciones fúngicas y bacterianas, especialmente la tuberculosis, que afectan al paciente portador del VIH y la eficiencia de la hemocultura como diagnóstico de infecciones bacterianas y fúngicas invasivas.(AU)

Perfil epidemiológico e clínico de pacientes com Doença de Fabry / Epidemiological and clinical profile of patients with Fabry Disease

Objetivo: analisar o perfil epidemiológico, clínico e terapêutico de pacientes com Doença de Fabry, com ênfase na atenção à família. Método: trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, epidemiológico, tipo transversal. Elencar-se-ão, como cenários, uma cidade mineira de grande porte e um hospital universitário. Fundamentar-se-á o estudo em fases e, no primeiro momento, serão analisados os pacientes que fazem acompanhamento ambulatorial. Realizar-se-á, em um segundo momento, utilizando um banco de dados e a aplicação de questionários, um estudo comparativo com dois grupos, um com manifestações de sintomas e em tratamento da doença e outro grupo assintomático e sem tratamento. Levantar-se-ão, nas partes clínica e terapêutica, questões dos antecedentes familiares, alimentação e hidratação, sono/repouso, eliminações (urinária e intestinal), histórico médico da consulta, presença de sinais e sintomas, data do diagnóstico, alergias, regime de tratamento, queixas, dentre outras variáveis presentes. Resultados esperados: devese contribuir, pelos resultados da pesquisa, para a identificação de fragilidades, dificuldades e possíveis soluções, possibilitando a divulgação dos dados e achados em conformidade científica, além de permitir revelar a prevalência dos casos, tornando-os visíveis, estatisticamente.(AU)

Objective: to analyze the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic profile of patients with Fabry disease, with emphasis on family care. Method: this is a quantitative, epidemiological, cross-sectional study. A large mining town and a university hospital will be listed as scenarios. The study will be based in phases and, at the first moment, will be analyzed the patients who follow the outpatient clinic. In a second moment, using a database and the application of questionnaires, a comparative study with two groups, one with manifestations of symptoms and in treatment of the disease and another group asymptomatic and without treatment will be carried out. Questions about family history, feeding and hydration, sleep / rest, eliminations (urinary and intestinal), medical history of the consultation, presence of signs and symptoms, date of diagnosis, allergies, regimen of treatment, complaints, among other variables present. Expected results: the results of the research should contribute to the identification of fragilities, difficulties and possible solutions, allowing the dissemination of data and findings in scientific compliance, besides revealing the prevalence of the cases, making them statistically visible.(AU)

Objetivo: analizar el perfil epidemiológico, clínico y terapéutico de pacientes con enfermedad de Fabry, con énfasis en la atención a la familia. Método: se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, epidemiológico, tipo transversal. Se enumerarán, como escenarios, una ciudad minera de gran porte y un hospital universitario. Se fundamentará el estudio en fases y, en el primer momento, serán analizados los pacientes que realizan seguimiento ambulatorio. Se realizará en un segundo momento utilizando un banco de datos y la aplicación de cuestionarios, un estudio comparativo con dos grupos, uno con manifestaciones de síntomas y en tratamiento de la enfermedad y otro grupo asintomático y sin tratamiento. En las partes clínicas y terapéuticas, se plantean, en las partes clínica y terapéutica, cuestiones de antecedentes familiares, alimentación e hidratación, sueño/reposo, eliminaciones (urinaria e intestinal), historial médico de la consulta, presencia de signos y síntomas, fecha del diagnóstico, alergias, régimen de tratamiento, quejas, entre otras variables presentes. Resultados esperados: se deben contribuir, por los resultados de la investigación, para la identificación de fragilidades, dificultades y posibles soluciones, posibilitando la divulgación de los datos y hallazgos en conformidad científica, además de permitir revelar la prevalencia de los casos, haciéndolos visibles, estadísticamente.(AU)

Qualidade de vida de estudantes de graduação / Quality of life of undergraduate students

Objetivos: avaliar a qualidade de vida de acadêmicos regularmente ativos em uma universidade; verificar se existe associação entre qualidade de vida e sintomas depressivos. Método: trata-se de estudo quantitativo, tipo transversal, aplicar-se-ão três questionários estruturados, autoaplicáveis para mensurar o nível da qualidade de vida e índice de depressão entre acadêmicos. Far-se-á a análise estatística descritiva, empregar-se-á o teste Liliefors e usar-se-ão o teste t de Student. Apresentar-se-ão os resultados em forma de figuras. Resultados esperados: realizar-se-á a correlação entre a qualidade de vida dos estudantes dos cursos de graduação da universidade e a incidência de fatores depressivos com o início da vida acadêmica.(AU)

Objectives: to evaluate the quality of life of academically active students in a university; to verify if there is an association between quality of life and depressive symptoms. Method: this is a quantitative cross-sectional study. Three structured, self-administered questionnaires will be applied to measure the level of quality of life and depression index among academics. The descriptive statistical analysis will be done, the Liliefors test will be used and the Student's t-test will be used. The results will be presented in the form of figures. Expected results: the correlation between the quality of life of undergraduate students of the university and the incidence of depressive factors with the beginning of academic life will be realized.(AU)

Objetivos: evaluar la calidad de vida de los académicos regularmente activos en una universidad; comprobar si existe asociación entre calidad de vida y síntomas depresivos. Método: se trata de estudio cuantitativo, tipo transversal, se aplicarán tres cuestionarios estructurados, autoaplicables para medir el nivel de la calidad de vida e índice de depresión entre académicos. Se hará el análisis estadístico descriptivo, se empleará la prueba Liliefors y se utilizarán la prueba t de Student. Se presentarán los resultados en forma de figuras. Resultados esperados: se realizará la correlación entre la calidad de vida de los estudiantes de los cursos de grado de la universidad y la incidencia de factores depresivos con el inicio de la vida académica.(AU)

Prevalência e fatores associados ao transtorno mental comum em assentados rurais* / Prevalence and factors associated with common mental disorder in rural settlers / Prevalencia y factores asociados al trastorno mental común en asentados rurales

OBJETIVO: estimar prevalência e fatores associados ao transtorno mental comum em moradores de um assentamento rural. MÉTODOS: estudo transversal realizado em 162 residentes de assentamento localizado na região Centro-Oeste do Brasil. Foi aplicado questionário semiestruturado, a probabilidade de transtorno mental comum obtida através do Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) e a funcionalidade familiar foi avaliada pelo instrumento APGAR de Família. Os dados foram analisados no programa STATA. RESULTADOS: a prevalência de probabilidade de transtorno mental comum foi estimada com intervalo de confiança de 95%. Foi utilizada a análise de regressão de Poisson com variância robusta para avaliar a associação entre transtorno mental comum e potenciais preditores. A prevalência de possibilidade de transtorno mental foi de 24,1%. As variáveis "sexo feminino", "exposição à violência" e "uso de hipnóticos/sedativos" foram associadas. CONCLUSÃO: verificou-se que tais preditores devem ser considerados na atenção à saúde dessa população, no que tange às práticas de prevenção e promoção da saúde, além de refletir a necessidade de articulação de políticas públicas que aproximem a população rural e o setor saúde, independentemente de barreiras territoriais.

OBJECTIVE: to estimate prevalence and factors associated with common mental disorder in rural settlement dwellers. METHODS: a cross-sectional study was carried out in 162 settlement residents located in the Center-West region of Brazil. A semi-structured questionnaire was used, the probability of common mental disorder obtained through the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) and family functionality was assessed by the Family APGAR instrument. The data were analyzed in the STATA program. RESULTS: the prevalence of probability of common mental disorder was estimated with a 95% confidence interval. Poisson regression analysis with robust variance was used to evaluate the association between common mental disorder and potential predictors. The prevalence of the possibility of mental disorder was 24.1%. The variables "female sex", "exposure to violence" and "use of hypnotics / sedatives" were associated. CONCLUSION: it was verified that such predictors should be considered in the health care of this population, regarding health prevention and promotion practices, in addition to reflecting the need for articulation of public policies that approximate the rural population and the health sector, regardless of territorial barriers.

OBJETIVO: estimar prevalencia y factores asociados al trastorno mental común en moradores de un asentamiento rural. MÉTODO: estudio transversal realizado en 162 residentes de asentamiento localizado en la región Centro-Oeste de Brasil. Se aplicó un cuestionario semiestructurado, la probabilidad de trastorno mental común obtenida a través del Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) y la funcionalidad familiar fue evaluada por el instrumento APGAR de Familia. Los datos se analizaron en el programa STATA. RESULTADOS: la prevalencia de la probabilidad de trastorno mental común fue estimada con un intervalo de confianza del 95%. Se utilizó el análisis de regresión de Poisson con varianza robusta para evaluar la asociación entre el trastorno mental común y los potenciales predictores. La prevalencia de trastorno mental fue de 24,1%. Las variables "sexo femenino", "exposición a la violencia" y "uso de hipnóticos / sedantes" se asociaron. CONCLUSIÓN: se verificó que tales predictores deben ser considerados en la atención a la salud de esa población, en lo que se refiere a las prácticas de prevención y promoción de la salud, además de reflejar la necesidad de articulación de políticas públicas que acerquen a la población rural y al sector salud, independientemente de las barreras territoriales.

Cosmesis after early stage breast cancer treatment with surgery and radiation therapy: experience of patients treated in a Chilean radiotherapy centre.

AIM: To analyse the overall cosmetic outcome according to patient self-assessment in relation to the fractionation received. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A questionnaire, drawn up on the basis of subjective rating scales of cosmesis and of acute and late toxicity RTOG/EORTC, EORTC QLQ-C30 (v3) and LENT SOMA, was applied to patients with early-stage breast cancer who received radiotherapy with tangential fields between June 2014 and July 2015. Self-perception of cosmesis, changes in the treated breast, pain and fractionation used (hypofractionation (HF) 42.56 Gy in 16 fractions or conventional fractionation (CF) 50 Gy in 25 fractions) were evaluated. RESULTS: Three hundred and fifty-two questionnaires were obtained. The median age was 58 years. 45% of patients reported 'excellent' cosmesis, 53% 'good', and 2% 'poor' cosmesis. Cosmesis was considered 'excellent/good' by 98% of patients. No statistically significant difference was found in overall cosmesis according to fractionation received (p = 0.6).The most frequent alteration was 'difference between both breasts' (77%), and 48% reported change in normal breast colour.Fifteen percent of patients who are younger than 58 years reported a change of normal breast colour affecting cosmesis compared to 9% of patients older than 58 years (p = 0.04).Complications affecting breast cosmesis were reported by 9% of patients with stages I-II compared with 2% with cancer in situ (DCIS) (p = 0.04); 14% in stages I-II referred colour change affecting cosmesis compared to 6% of those with DCIS (p = 0.03).Ninety-four percent of patients stated that they would accept treatment again. CONCLUSIONS: No difference in cosmetic results was found between HF and CF in our patients. Great satisfaction regarding cosmetic outcome of cancer treatment was reported, given by 98% of excellent/good cosmesis, and 94% of patients who would receive treatment again.

Retraction Note to: Compensatory role of the NBCn1 sodium/bicarbonate cotransporter on Ca2+-induced mitochondrial swelling in hypertrophic hearts.

The authors have retracted this article [1] because of modifications in the control lanes of Figs. 2a and 8a of the COX1 blot obtained for 18-week-old rats (rotation, horizontal flipping and re-use of the control lanes for the 35-week-old rats blot). In light of the concerns raised, the conclusions drawn in this article cannot be relied upon.

Propuesta del modelo espacial para la evaluación y gestión del territorio, para la incorporación de las Unidades de Planificación y Gestión Territorial UPGT) al pos-conflicto colombiano / Proposal of Space Model for Land Assessment and Management for the Incorporation of Units of Territorial Planning and Management (UPGT) to the Colombian Post-Conflict

Resumen Para aportar en la construcción de una paz duradera se necesita darle continuidad a los procesos gubernamentales representados por los propios actores que han de conformar los nuevos territorios y democráticamente establecer desde el gobierno nacional las reglas claras en la ocupación de los mismos. Es así que, se proyectan posibles actuaciones como escenarios desde la incorporación de los entre otros, lo que supone un reto en la articulación urbano - rural que se realiza a través de las Unidades de Planificación y Gestión Territorial (UPGT)

Abstract In order to contribute to the construction of a lasting peace, it is necessary to give continuity to governmental processes represented by the real players themselves, who have to constitute the new territories, and democratically, from the national government, to establish clear rules in their occupation. So that possible actions as scenarios are projected as the result of the incorporation of Instruments and Tools for Land Planning and Management, among others, which becomes a challenge in the urban-rural articulation, which takes place through the Units of Planning and Territorial Management (UPGT)

Patterns of tobacco consumption among residents of a rural settlement: a cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVE: Investigate patterns and factors associated with tobacco consumption among residents of a rural settlement. METHODS: A cross-sectional study conducted between September and November 2014, with 172 residents of a rural settlement in the Midwest region of Brazil. We analyzed as dependent variables tobacco consumption at some point in life; current tobacco consumption; tobacco abuse; and the high risk of nicotine dependence, with sociodemographic variables associated with tobacco use, and we applied the Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) and Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). RESULTS: The prevalence of tobacco use in life, current use, tobacco abuse, and high risk of nicotine dependence were 62.2%, 20.9%, 59.8%, and 10.3%, respectively. Advanced age, low education level, evangelical religion, marijuana use, hypnotic or sedative consumption, and male gender were factors associated with smoking patterns in the settlers. CONCLUSIONS: There was a high prevalence of smoking patterns, evidencing the need for public policies on tobacco prevention and control in this population.