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1.
Med Clin (Barc) ; 121(2): 48-52, 2003 Jun 14.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12828883

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: On the basis of an outbreak of pneumococcal pneumonia in a nursing home, we analyze causes and patterns of transmission and discuss preventive interventions carried out on the target population. PATIENTS AND METHOD: A retrospective cohort study was designed on 232 residents to identify risk factors associated with the outbreak. A descriptive study of those nasopharyngeal carriers of pneumococcus among nursing home workers was also carried out. RESULTS: Twenty cases of pneumococcal pneumonia were detected with 4 deaths; 13 cases were confirmed. Cases occurred on a close temporal aggregation form but they were quite disseminated spatially. Among the factors investigated, an older age was the only factor significantly associated (p = 0.02) with the risk of disease. In 4 workers, strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae were isolated from nasopharyngeal swabs; two of them corresponded to the serotype 3, as it was the strain isolated from the blood of a nursing home case. The number of new cases decreased dramatically after vaccination and/or chemoprophylaxis. CONCLUSIONS: Vaccination and chemoprophylaxis administered to nursing home residents seemed effective measures to halt the spread of this outbreak. Detection of the S. pneumoniae antigen by immunochromatographic tests in urine samples is a valuable tool for detecting an outbreak.


Subject(s)
Disease Outbreaks , Homes for the Aged/statistics & numerical data , Nursing Homes/statistics & numerical data , Pneumonia, Pneumococcal/epidemiology , Pneumonia, Pneumococcal/transmission , Streptococcus pneumoniae/isolation & purification , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cohort Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Pneumonia, Pneumococcal/pathology , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Spain/epidemiology
2.
Med. clín (Ed. impr.) ; 121(2): 48-52, jun. 2003.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-23783

ABSTRACT

FUNDAMENTO Y OBJETIVO: Ante la aparición de un brote de neumonía neumocócica en una residencia de ancianos se analizan las causas y el patrón de transmisión de la enfermedad y se discuten las intervenciones preventivas llevadas a cabo. PACIENTES Y MÉTODO: Se diseñó un estudio de cohortes retrospectivo sobre los 232 ancianos residentes para identificar los factores de riesgo asociados al brote, y se efectuó un estudio descriptivo de portadores nasofaríngeos de neumococo entre los trabajadores de la residencia. RESULTADOS: Se detectaron 20 casos de neumonía neumocócica, 13 de ellos confirmados, con cuatro fallecimientos. Los casos presentaron intensa agregación temporal y una amplia diseminación espacial. La edad, mayor en los enfermos, fue el único de los factores investigados que se asoció significativamente (p = 0,02) con el riesgo de enfermar. En 4 de los trabajadores de la residencia se aislaron cepas de Streptococcus pneumoniae en nasofaringe, dos de ellas del serotipo 3, al igual que la obtenida del hemocultivo de un enfermo. El número de enfermos disminuyó drásticamente tras la administración de vacuna o quimioprofilaxis a los residentes. CONCLUSIONES: La vacunación y la quimioprofilaxis recomendadas a los residentes parecen haber sido, en su conjunto, efectivas para interrumpir la diseminación del brote. La detección de antígeno de S. pneumoniae en muestras de orina mediante inmunocromatografía es una herramienta útil para la detección de brotes epidémicos (AU)


Subject(s)
Aged, 80 and over , Aged , Male , Female , Humans , Disease Outbreaks , Spain , Streptococcus pneumoniae , Risk Factors , Cohort Studies , Pneumonia, Pneumococcal , Nursing Homes , Retrospective Studies , Homes for the Aged
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