ABSTRACT
Este artigo descreve a metodologia de atendimento sistêmico de famílias e redes sociais ou metodologia de atendimento sistêmico, destacando suas características fundamentais, as quais justificam distingui-la como uma metodologia consistente com os pressupostos da epistemologia sistêmica novo-paradigmática. Trata-se de uma metodologia para a prática em que se busca, por meio da criação de contexto de autonomia, colaborativo, desencadear a coconstrução de solução para uma situação-problema, pelos próprios envolvidos nesta. Tendo relatado a forma como se desenvolveu essa metodologia, a autora explicita seus fundamentos epistemológicos e teóricos e distingue dois aspectos fundamentais dessa prática: a forma de constituição do sistema determinado pelo problema SDP e a forma de coordenação dos encontros conversacionais do SDP. Depois de apontar a aplicabilidade dessa metodologia no contexto atual das políticas públicas brasileiras, a autora propõe ao(a) leitor(ra) algumas questões para reflexão sobre tipos de práticas sistêmicas que vêm sendo constituídas.(AU)
This paper describes the systemic attendance methodology for families and social networks or systemic attendance methodology, emphasizing its fundamental characteristics, which justify that it can be distinguished as a methodology consistent with the assumptions of the newparadigmatic systems epistemology. This methodology aims the co-construction of solution to a problem-situation , by the very involved in this problem-situation, through the creation of a collaborative context of autonomy. Having reported how this methodology has been developed, the author describes its epistemological and theoretical foundations and distinguishes two fundamental aspects of this practice: the form of constitution of the problem-determined system - SDP and the form of coordination of conversational meetings of the SDP . After pointing the applicability of this methodology in the current context of Brazilian public policies, the author proposes the reader some questions on types of systemic practices that have been developed so far.(AU)
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Down syndrome is known to cause premature aging in several organ systems. However, it remains unclear whether this aging effect also affects the structure and function of the large arterial trunks. In this controlled study, the possibility of changes in the large arteries due to aging was evaluated in patients with Down syndrome. METHODS: Eighty-two subjects of both genders were selected. The Down syndrome group had 41 active subjects consisting of 19 males and 22 females (mean age 21 ± 1, range 13-42 years) without cardiovascular complications and who did not use vasoactive drugs. The control group consisted of 41 healthy individuals without trisomy 21 of the same gender and age as the Down syndrome group and who did not use vasoactive medication. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity was obtained as an index of aortic stiffness using an automatic noninvasive method. RESULTS: Individuals with Down syndrome had significantly lower blood pressure than those in the control group. Systolic blood pressure for the Down syndrome group and control group was 106 ± 2 mmHg vs 117 ± 2 mmHg (P < 0.001), respectively; diastolic blood pressure was 66 ± 2 mmHg vs 77 ± 2 mmHg (P < 0.001); and mean arterial pressure was 80 ± 1 mmHg vs 90 ± 1 mmHg (P < 0.001). Only age and systolic blood pressure were shown to correlate significantly with pulse wave velocity, but the slopes of the linear regression curves of these two variables showed no significant difference between the two study groups. Pulse wave velocity, which was initially significantly lower in the Down syndrome group (7.51 ± 0.14 m/s vs 7.84 ± 0.12 m/s; P <0.05), was similar between the groups after systolic blood pressure adjustment (7.62 ± 0.13 m/s vs 7.73 ± 0.13 m/s). CONCLUSION: Despite evidence in the literature that patients with Down syndrome undergo early aging, this process does not seem to affect the large arterial trunks, given that values of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity were similar in individuals with or without trisomy 21. Considering that Down syndrome presents with chronic hypotension, it is reasonable to propose that the prolonged reduction of arterial distending pressure may contribute to functional preservation of the arteries in patients with Down syndrome.
Subject(s)
Arteries/physiopathology , Blood Pressure , Down Syndrome/physiopathology , Pulsatile Flow , Adolescent , Adult , Age Factors , Aorta/physiopathology , Brazil , Carotid Arteries/physiopathology , Case-Control Studies , Elasticity , Female , Femoral Artery/physiopathology , Humans , Linear Models , Male , Regional Blood Flow , Time Factors , Young AdultABSTRACT
No quadro de referência elaborado pela autora para as mudanças paradigmáticas em curso na ciência, o paradigma da ciência contemporânea emergente constitui-se de três novos pressupostos epistemológicos, decorrentes de recentes desenvolvimentos da própria ciência: a crença na complexidade, em todos os níveis da natureza; a crença na instabilidade do mundo, em processo de tornar-se; a crença na intersubjetividade como condição de construção do conhecimento do mundo. Considera-se que a integração desses três novos pressupostos constitui a epistemologia ou o pensamento sistêmico. Como diversas propostas apresentadas hoje como sistêmicas não contemplam ainda o pressuposto da intersubjetividade, propõe-se adjetivar como 'novo-paradigmático' o pensamento sistêmico constituído pelas três dimensões do novo paradigma da ciência
ABSTRACT
Efficient bean nodulating Rhizobium strains, isolated from different Brazilian cerrado soils, were characterized by RAPD. This study showed great genetic heterogeneity among R. tropici and R. leguminosarum bv. phaseoli strains and allowed the constitution of genetic clusters, besides indicating the most suitable primers for this characterization. The groups of genetically distinct strains can be used in competitiveness studies to select appropriate Rhizobium strains for bean inoculation in cerrado soils.
