Oral Health Care of Children and Adolescents with Different Impairments of Cerebral Palsy: Barriers and Challenges

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the barriers to access and oral health care faced by children and adolescents with Cerebral Palsy (CP) according to their motor impairment through the perception of caregivers. Material and Methods: A case series study was carried out at three health institutions in Pernambuco, Brazil. The study sample consisted of 94 caregivers of 5-to-18-year-old patients with CP, according to GMFCS (The Gross Motor Function Classification System). Data were collected using a semi-structured form to evaluate the barriers to access and analyzed statistically by the chi-square and Fisher exact tests, adopting a 5% level of significance. In addition, binary logistic regression was performed to determine the weight of the variables in explaining the outcome variable. Results: There were major difficulties involving transportation (p=0.04) and structural accessibility to dental services (p<0.01) among children and adolescents with severe CP. In addition, the more severe the CP, the greater the difficulty of accessibility (OR=4.09,) and the lower the income (OR=8.80), the greater the motor impairment. Conclusion: Despite the availability of access to dental services, low-income families have more severe CP patients, contributing to the daily difficulties already faced by them in oral health care.

Aspectos clínicos e demográficos de pessoas com deficiência atendidas em uma clínica-escola de Odontologia / Clinical and demographic characteristics of people with disabilities attending a dental teaching clinic

O objetivo deste artigo foi descreveras característicasclínicase demográficasde pessoas com deficiência atendidas em uma clínica-escolade Odontologia do Nordeste brasileiro, relacionando estes perfis àsnecessidades acumuladas e aos tratamentos realizados no período de marçoa julho de 2019. Tratou-se de um estudode análise de banco de dados no qualforam avaliadosos prontuários em relação a sexo, idade, diagnóstico médico, uso de medicamentos, motivo da consulta e tratamentos realizados. Foi utilizada uma amostra deconveniência de 55 prontuários,referentes aos indivíduos em atendimento neste período.Os testes Qui-quadrado e exato de Fisher foram utilizados para verificar associação entre as variáveis estudadas. Foi adotado o intervalo de confiança de 95% e a margem de erro de 5%.Verificou-se queamaioria dos pacientes erado sexo masculino(52,7%)e possuíaentre20 e59 anos(54,5%).As patologias de base de maior prevalênciaforam as doenças sistêmicas (34,5%)e deficiência intelectual (32,7%). Em relação às medicações, 80% faziamuso contínuo de algum fármaco. A respeito das consultas odontológicas, a procurade 60% da amostrafoi por motivo de dor e os procedimentos mais realizados, os restauradores (63,6%).Além disso, a estabilização física e sedação medicamentosa foram amplamente utilizadas nos pacientes com deficiência intelectual.Oatendimento odontológico incluiu pacientes com diversas necessidades especiais e, apesar da clínica-escola em questão priorizar a conduta preventiva, a maior parte dos procedimentos executados foi curativo, podendo estar relacionado com a procura tardia pelo tratamento odontológicoe dificuldades de acesso (AU).

The aim of this article was to describe the clinical and demographic characteristics of people with disabilities attending a dental teaching clinic in northeastern Brazil, and to associate these profiles with the cumulative needs and treatments performed from March to July 2019. This was a database study in which sex, age, medical diagnosis, medication use, reason for consultation, and previous treatments obtained from the medical records were evaluated. A convenience sample of 55 records from patients seen during this period was used. The chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were applied to evaluate the association between the variables studied, adopting a 95% confidence interval and an error margin of 5%. Most patients were male (52.7%) and were between 20 and 59 years old (54.5%). The most prevalent underlying diseases were systemic diseases (34.5%) and intellectual disability (32.7%). Regarding medications, 80% of the patients continuously used some drug. The reason for consultation was pain in 60% of the sample and restorative procedures were the most frequently performed (63.6%). Moreover, patients with intellectual disability commonly required physical restraint and sedatives. The dental consultations comprised patients with different special needs. Although the teaching clinic prioritizes preventive management, most of the procedures performed were curative, a fact that might be related to the late seeking of dental treatment and difficulties of accessing health services (AU).

Evaluation of dental trauma in inmates of the most highly populated Brazilian prison complex.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Due to the increase in incarceration rates, the prison community has attracted much concern in the recent past. Although people in prison are often socially disadvantaged and vulnerable to a range of health problems, there is a lack of information on the oral health conditions of prisoners. Thus, the aim of this study was to survey the oral problems of a sample of the male incarcerated population of Brazil, focusing on dental trauma. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The research was undertaken over a three-month period in 2017. It was a cross-sectional study of 756 prisoners of the Curado Prison Complex, located in Recife, PE. Using a previously calibrated examiner, dental trauma was measured with the Andreasen index. Etiology of dental trauma and socio-demographic data were collected with questions developed for this survey. Standard descriptive statistics were used to report frequency estimates. The chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and Mann-Whitney U-test were used to compare groups. In addition, a binary logistic regression was performed to identify whether the studied variables could predict the occurrence of dental trauma. RESULTS: The prevalence of dental trauma in the sample was 10.8% and most of the cases (42.7%) occurred due to violent events. A higher frequency of violent etiology was observed in cases that occurred during imprisonment (p = 0.037). Individuals that suffered dental trauma during incarceration were more likely to have been incarcerated for longer periods of time (p = 0.043). The main type of injury found was enamel and dentin fracture without pulp exposure (68%). The most affected tooth was the upper right central incisor (40%). CONCLUSION: These results underline the high prevalence of dental trauma experienced by men in prison.

Cuidados em saúde bucal a crianças e adolescentes com paralisia cerebral: percepção de pais e cuidadores / Oral health care for children and adolescents with cerebral palsy: perceptions of parents and caregivers

Resumo Objetivou-se avaliar os cuidados em saúde bucal de crianças/adolescentes com Paralisia Cerebral (PC) segundo a gravidade, através da percepção dos pais/cuidadores. Estudo série de casos realizado em serviços de saúde de Pernambuco com 94 mães/cuidadores de sujeitos com PC entre 5 e 18 anos. Avaliaram-se fatores socioeconômicos, demográficos, cuidados em saúde bucal e uso de serviços odontológicos (SO). O Sistema de Classificação da Função Motora Grossa mostrou 67% com comprometimento motor grave. Indivíduos com PC grave tiveram frequência significantemente maior de pertencerem a famílias com renda mais baixa (89%, p < 0,001), residirem no interior (44%, p < 0,005), terem dificuldades de transporte (60%, p = 0,04) e acessibilidade aos SO (88%, p = 0,009) e maior necessidade de higiene bucal (67%, p = 0,008) realizada pelas mães (94%, p < 0,001). Apesar das barreiras de acesso aos SO, o mesmo foi facilitado para aqueles com PC grave, com uso precoce dos SO, mas com baixa oferta de dentistas e de humanização. Esses resultados informam problemas relacionados aos cuidados diários em saúde bucal, contexto de vida das famílias, de apoio institucional e de qualidade dos SO a serem enfrentados com políticas públicas socioeconômicas e de saúde integrais inclusivas e equânimes.

Abstract The aim was to evaluate the oral health care of children/adolescents with Cerebral Palsy (CP) according to severity through the perceptions of parents/caregivers. A case series study was conducted at health services in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil with 94 mothers/caregivers of subjects with CP from 5 and 18 years old. Sociodemographic factors, oral health care and use of dental services (DS) were evaluated. The Gross Motor Function Classification System showed 67% with severe motor impairment. Subjects with severe CP had significantly higher frequencies of belonging to families with lower income (89%, p < 0.001), living in the interior (44%, p < 0.005), having transportation difficulties (60%, p = 0.04), difficulty regarding access to DS (88%, p = 0.009) and a greater need for oral hygiene (67%, p = 0.008), which was performed exclusively by the caregiver (94%, p < 0.001). Despite identified access barriers, dental care was facilitated for those with severe CP, early DS use, but low availability of dentists and low degree of humanization were cited as major problems. These results reveal problems related to daily oral health care, family living context, institutional support and quality of DS that should be addressed in comprehensive, inclusive, equitable social and economic public policies.

Oral health care for children and adolescents with cerebral palsy: perceptions of parents and caregivers. / Cuidados em saúde bucal a crianças e adolescentes com paralisia cerebral: percepção de pais e cuidadores.

The aim was to evaluate the oral health care of children/adolescents with Cerebral Palsy (CP) according to severity through the perceptions of parents/caregivers. A case series study was conducted at health services in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil with 94 mothers/caregivers of subjects with CP from 5 and 18 years old. Sociodemographic factors, oral health care and use of dental services (DS) were evaluated. The Gross Motor Function Classification System showed 67% with severe motor impairment. Subjects with severe CP had significantly higher frequencies of belonging to families with lower income (89%, p < 0.001), living in the interior (44%, p < 0.005), having transportation difficulties (60%, p = 0.04), difficulty regarding access to DS (88%, p = 0.009) and a greater need for oral hygiene (67%, p = 0.008), which was performed exclusively by the caregiver (94%, p < 0.001). Despite identified access barriers, dental care was facilitated for those with severe CP, early DS use, but low availability of dentists and low degree of humanization were cited as major problems. These results reveal problems related to daily oral health care, family living context, institutional support and quality of DS that should be addressed in comprehensive, inclusive, equitable social and economic public policies.

Objetivou-se avaliar os cuidados em saúde bucal de crianças/adolescentes com Paralisia Cerebral (PC) segundo a gravidade, através da percepção dos pais/cuidadores. Estudo série de casos realizado em serviços de saúde de Pernambuco com 94 mães/cuidadores de sujeitos com PC entre 5 e 18 anos. Avaliaram-se fatores socioeconômicos, demográficos, cuidados em saúde bucal e uso de serviços odontológicos (SO). O Sistema de Classificação da Função Motora Grossa mostrou 67% com comprometimento motor grave. Indivíduos com PC grave tiveram frequência significantemente maior de pertencerem a famílias com renda mais baixa (89%, p < 0,001), residirem no interior (44%, p < 0,005), terem dificuldades de transporte (60%, p = 0,04) e acessibilidade aos SO (88%, p = 0,009) e maior necessidade de higiene bucal (67%, p = 0,008) realizada pelas mães (94%, p < 0,001). Apesar das barreiras de acesso aos SO, o mesmo foi facilitado para aqueles com PC grave, com uso precoce dos SO, mas com baixa oferta de dentistas e de humanização. Esses resultados informam problemas relacionados aos cuidados diários em saúde bucal, contexto de vida das famílias, de apoio institucional e de qualidade dos SO a serem enfrentados com políticas públicas socioeconômicas e de saúde integrais inclusivas e equânimes.

Association between symptoms of depression and oral health conditions.

AIMS: To investigate the symptoms of depression and oral health status in Brazilian public healthcare system users. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Analysis of a cross-sectional study conducted with a sample of 776 individuals aged 15 years or older, in the urban areas of Recife (Brazil), obtained by multistage sampling. Committee on Ethics in Research with Human Beings (CAAE) 0538.0.172.172-11. Depression symptoms were verified by means of Axis II of the Research Diagnostic Criteria in Temporomandibular Disorder. For the socioeconomic level, the economic classification criteria of the Brazilian Association of Research Companies and clinical exam record charts were used to establish variables related to oral health conditions. RESULTS: The variables discomfort on occlusion (OR = 1.882 CI = 1.384-2.560), gingival bleeding (OR = 1.384 CI = 1.002-1.912), and self-perception of oral health (OR = 1.549 CI = 1.054-2.277), remained in the regression model. CONCLUSION: Discomfort on occlusion, self-perception of oral health, gingival bleeding, sex, and skin color were shown to be associated with the presence of depressive symptoms.

Uso da tecnologia educacional web-based por profissionais da Odontologia brasileira / The use of web-based educational technology by Brazilian Dental professionals

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o uso da tecnologia educacional web-based por cirurgiõesdentistas e auxiliares de saúde bucal cadastrados no curso de Capacitação para Atenção e Cuidado da saúde bucal da pessoa com deficiência (ACPD) e avaliar as dificuldades de acesso à internet, o tempo de utilização dos recursos tecnológicos e os seus objetivos. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo dos dados coletados em Ambiente Virtual da Capacitação da Odontologia Brasileira para a Atenção e o Cuidado da Pessoa com Deficiência - ACPD, no site da Universidade Aberta do SUS (UNASUSUFPE), por meio de um questionário eletrônico disponibilizado no site. A amostra foi composta por 2.377 profissionais cadastrados no curso e que se disponibilizaram a responder o questionário. A análise dos dados foi realizada por técnicas de estatística descritivas. Constatou-se que pouco mais da metade da amostra (54,05%) utiliza mais de um recurso tecnológico para sua conexão com o mundo virtual no dia a dia e 54,56% dos participantes relataram acessar a internet da própria residência. A rede Wireless/Wi-Fi é utilizada por 57,21% do total da amostra. Quanto ao grau de dificuldade encontrado pelos participantes ao utilizar um novo recurso tecnológico, 58,9% relataram ser razoável. O uso da tecnologia digital já é uma realidade no Brasil. Porém, sua utilização para fins de estudo, embora disponível, parece não ser utilizada por grande parte da população (AU).

The objective of this study was to analyze the use of web-based educational technology by dental surgeons and oral health aides enrolled in the Training for Attention and Oral Health Care of the Disabled and to evaluate the difficulties of access to the Internet and technological time of use of resources and their objectives. A descriptive study of the data collected in the Virtual Environment of the Brazilian Dentistry Training for Attention and Care of the Person with Disability was carried out on the UNASUSUFPE website, through an electronic questionnaire made available on the website. The sample consisted of 2,377 professionals registered in the course and who became available to answer the questionnaire. Data analyzes were performed using descriptive statistical techniques through the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 20.0. It was found that a few more than half of the sample (54.05%) uses more than one technological resource to connect with the virtual world on a day-to-day basis and 54.56% of participants reported accessing the internet from their own residence. The Wireless / Wi-Fi network was used by 57.21% of the total sample. Regarding the degree of difficulty encountered by the participants when using a new technological resource, 58.9% reported being reasonable. The use of digital technology is already a reality in Brazil. However, its use for study purposes, although available, does not seem to be used by much of the population (AU).

State, trait, and dental anxiety in caregivers of individuals with disabilities.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare state anxiety, trait anxiety, and dental anxiety in caregivers of patients with special needs and caregivers of pediatric patients without special needs at dental clinics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A quantitative, cross-sectional study was conducted. Data were collected using a semistructured questionnaire. All respondents were older than 18 years of age. Individuals with cognitive impairment and those taking anxiolytics, antidepressants, or sleep-inducing medication were excluded from the study. The sample consisted of 55 caregivers of patients with special needs and 55 caregivers of pediatric dental patients. A questionnaire was administered to determine the sociodemographic profile of the patients based on the 2015 Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria. Anxiety regarding dental treatment was measured using the dental anxiety scale. The state-trait anxiety inventory was used to identify state and trait anxiety levels. RESULTS: Caregivers of individuals with disabilities had a similar level of anxiety as caregivers of pediatric dental patients. Most caregivers of individuals with disabilities were mothers with an older age and a greater frequency of trait anxiety, especially when these mothers had health problems. State anxiety was associated with a lower education level. CONCLUSIONS: Higher dental anxiety levels were found among caregivers with a higher level of trait anxiety, independently of the type of patient to which care was given.

Vivências comunitárias durante as excursões didáticas no curso de Odontologia da UFPE - uma experiência extramuros / The community experiences during the tour of teaching in UFPE College of Dentistry - an extramural experience

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a percepção dos alunos envolvidos no projeto de Excursão Didática a respeito da integralidade da atenção à saúde e da integralização ensino, trabalho e práticas sociais. Trata-se de um estudo observacional do tipo analítico. A amostra foi composta de 109 alunos que participaram das excursões e que estavam cursando entre o 7º e o 10º período do curso de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE). As atividades das excursões foram desenvolvidas nas cidades do sertão pernambucano. O questionário aplicado para coletar as informações dos participantes foi composto por quatro partes: Dados pessoais (nome, idade, sexo e período do curso); Infraestrutura necessária para a excursão (transporte, recurso financeiro e duração da atividade); Abordagem clínica (acolhimento, relacionamento dos profissionais com os pacientes e famílias, biossegurança e domínio das atividades clínicas); e Resultado final da excursão. Quase a totalidade da amostra dos estudantes entendeu como adequada a metodologia utilizada durante todo o transcurso da atividade. As atividades extramuros desenvolvidas nas comunidades cumpriram seu principal objetivo, que foi proporcionar aos alunos uma visão integral da realidade social e sanitária encontrada nas comunidades não assistidas pelos serviços básicos de saúde (AU).

The aim of this study was to evaluate the perception of the students involved in the Tour Teaching project concerning the completeness of health care and integralization of learning, work and social practices. This is an analytical observational study. The sample included 109 students who participated in tours and belonging to the 7th, 8th 9th or 10th periods of the Dental course at Federal University of Pernambuco. The activities of the excursions were developed in the Pernambuco backlands cities. The questionnaire for collecting information from participants was composed of four sections: Personal information (name, age, gender and degree course period); Infrastructure required for the tour (transport, financial resources and duration of the activity); Clinical approach (reception, professional relationship with patients and families, biosafety and field of clinical activities); and Final results of the tour. The extramural activities in the communities served their main goal was to provide students with a comprehensive view of social reality and health found in communities not assisted by basic health services (AU).

The role of occlusal factors on the occurrence of temporomandibular disorders.

AIMS: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between occlusal factors and temporomandibular disorders (TMD). METHODOLOGY: One hundred patients were selected among those who sought medical or dental care in public practice in Recife, Brazil. The presence of malocclusions and absence of five or more posterior teeth were evaluated by the clinical exam. TMD diagnosis was given using Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC/TMD). Statistics were carried out using Fisher and Mann-Whitney methods with 5% significance level, as well as multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The sample was mainly comprised of women (83%), individuals over 30 years old (57%) and singles (53%). The percentage of TMD and malocclusion in total sample was 42% and 50%, respectively, while in TMD subjects, malocclusion was present in 38.1%. There was no association between TMD and the occlusal factors studied. CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that malocclusion and loss of five or more posterior teeth does not contribute to TMD.

Temporomandibular disorders in a sample population of the Brazilian northeast.

Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a common condition. This study is part of a research group and it investigated the prevalence of TMD and myofascial pain and its association with gender, age and socioeconomic class. The sample comprised 100 subjects, aged 15 to 70, users of the Family Health Units' services, in the city of Recife, PE, Brazil. The TMD degree was evaluated using the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD and socioeconomic class by the Economic Classification Criteria Brazil. Categorical variables were analyzed by chi-square test for proportions and Fisher's exact test for 2x2 tables, and binary logistic analysis to track the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. According to the results, 42% of the subjects had TMD and 14% myofascial pain. No statistically significant association could be found between TMD and gender or socioeconomic class, but it was found to have statistically significant association with age, and myofascial pain was associated with socioeconomic class. Considering that the results of the present study should be confirmed by further studies and the fact that this was a pilot study, the prevalence must be analyzed with caution.

Temporomandibular Disorders in a Sample Population of the Brazilian Northeast

Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a common condition. This study is part of a research group and it investigated the prevalence of TMD and myofascial pain and its association with gender, age and socioeconomic class. The sample comprised 100 subjects, aged 15 to 70, users of the Family Health Units' services, in the city of Recife, PE, Brazil. The TMD degree was evaluated using the Research Diagnostic Criteria for TMD and socioeconomic class by the Economic Classification Criteria Brazil. Categorical variables were analyzed by chi-square test for proportions and Fisher's exact test for 2x2 tables, and binary logistic analysis to track the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. According to the results, 42% of the subjects had TMD and 14% myofascial pain. No statistically significant association could be found between TMD and gender or socioeconomic class, but it was found to have statistically significant association with age, and myofascial pain was associated with socioeconomic class. Considering that the results of the present study should be confirmed by further studies and the fact that this was a pilot study, the prevalence must be analyzed with caution.

Disfunção temporomandibular (DTM) é uma condição comum. Este estudo é parte de um grupo de pesquisa e investigou a prevalência de DTM e dor miofascial e suas associações com sexo, idade e classe socioeconômica. A amostra foi composta por 100 indivíduos, com idades entre 15 e 70 anos, usuários das Unidades de Saúde da Família, na cidade de Recife, PE. O grau de DTM foi avaliado usando os Critérios de Diagnósticos Científicos em DTM, e classe socioeconômica com o Critério de Classificação Econômica Brasil. As variáveis categóricas foram analisadas pelo teste do qui-quadrado para proporções e teste exato de Fisher para tabelas 2x2, e a análise logística binária para traçar a relação entre as variáveis independentes e dependentes. De acordo com os resultados, 42% dos indivíduos tinham DTM e 14% dor miofascial. Não houve associação estatisticamente significativa entre DTM e sexo ou classe socioeconômica, mas houve associação estatisticamente significativa com a idade e a dor miofascial foi associada com a classe socioeconômica. Considerando-se que os resultados do presente estudo devam ser confirmados em outros estudos e por causa de sua natureza piloto, a prevalência deve ser analisada com cautela.

Prevalência de pulpotomias e pulpectomias na Clínica de Odontopediatria da UFPE / Prevalence of pulpotomy and pulpectomy at the Clinic of Pediatric Dentistry (UFPE)

Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a prevalência de pulpotomias e pulpectomiascom base na avaliação das películas radiográficas presentes nos prontuários dos pacientes, bem como identificar a idade de maior incidência e observar qual elemento dentário mais afetado pela realização destes procedimentos. Materiais e Métodos -A coleta dos dados sedeu na Clínica de Odontopediatria da UFPE, durante o período de 2006 a 2008. Resultados - Nos 557 prontuários pesquisados, foram encontrados 187 procedimentos de terapia pulpar(pulpotomia e/ou pulpectomia). O maior índice de ocorrências foi constatado em crianças de 3 a 5 anos, sendo os segundos molares decíduos inferiores os elementos dentários mais tratados.Conclusão - A frequência de procedimentos de terapia pulpar evidenciou a preocupação porparte da academia em utilizar procedimentos terapêuticos que prolonguem a manutenção do elemento decíduo na cavidade bucal.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of pulpotomy and pulpectomy based on evaluation of x-ray filme present impatitents’ medical records and see which tooth was affected by the performance of these procedures. Methods - Data collection took place at the clinic of Pediatric Dentistry, UFPE, duringthe period 2006 to 2008. Results - 557 records, we found187 procedures, pulptherapy (pulpotomy and / or pulpectomy). The highest occurrence was found in children aged 3 to 5 years, with the lowerprimary molars were the teeth most frequently treated. Conclusion - The frequency of root canal therapy procedures revealed a concern from the academy to use therapeutic procedures that prolong the retention of deciduous elementin the oral cavity.

[Patient satisfaction at Specialized Dental Clinics in Recife, Pernambuco State, Brazil]. / Satisfação dos usuários assistidos nos Centros de Especialidades Odontológicas do Município do Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil.

This study evaluated patient satisfaction at four specialized dental clinics in Recife, Pernambuco State, Brazil. Data were collected through a standardized self-applied individual questionnaire with 272 patients, to evaluate user satisfaction with public dental services. The findings indicated a positive evaluation on most dimensions, except for accessibility. Significant differences were observed between the services on the following dimensions: patient-dentist relationship (p = 0.001); patient-dental assistant relationship (p = 0.007); effectiveness (p = 0.014) accessibility/waiting time (p = 0.018); physical environment/reception room cleanliness (p = 0.004); acceptability (p = 0.029); and effectiveness/tooth appearance (p = 0.029), effectiveness/chewing capacity (p < 0.001). In conclusion, most users were satisfied with the dental care, and satisfaction differed between services.

Avaliação dos artigos científicos publicados em revistas odontológicas no período de 2002-2005 sob os princípios da bioética: beneficência e não maleficência / Evaluation of the cientific articles published well into dental magazines at the period as of 2002-2005 under the principles from the bioethics: beneficence and non maleficence

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar quais procedimentos são realizados pelos cirurgiões-dentistas a cada dia, o número de experimentos, não obstante, existir um distanciamento entre o pesquisador e o pesquisado. Em virtude do grande número de pesquisas de experimentação humana conduzidas de forma eticamente inadequada e publicadas em revistas de renome, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar os artigos científicos publicados em revistas odontológicas, nacional e latino-americanas, envolvendo crianças e adolescente, no período de 2002-2005 sob os princípios da bioética e, principalmente, em relação à beneficência e não maleficência. Através do acesso à base de dados da Bireme foram selecionados uma amostra de 150 trabalhos. Da amostra analisada, 33 artigos foram obtidos através do acesso à literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), e 117 a partir do acesso à Biblioteca Brasileira de Odontologia (BBO). Constatados os artgos que lesaram a bioética, foi veridicado quais publicações obtiveram o parecer do Comitê de ética em Pesquisa. Do total da amostra 68,55% infrigiram a bioética quanto ao princípio da beneficência e nenuhm deles feriu o princípio da não maleficência. Observou-se que 51,61% dos trabalhos analisados obtiveram o parecer favorável do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Assim sendo, é necessário uma melhor orientação, por parte dos pesquisadores e das revistas da área de saúde quanto ao critério da bioética.

Grows to each day, the number of I experience humans, after all, the one distance amidst the researcher and the reseached. By reason of from the ample figure as of researches as of experimentation human conduced as of he forms ethically inadequete and published well into magazines female doctor as of kudos, the one purpose from the actual I work he went access the articles scientific published well into dental magazines, national and Latin - American, encompassing children and teenagers, at the period as of 2002-2005 under the principles from the bioethics and, chiefly, regarding beneficence and did not maleficence. Trough the access at the datebase from the Bireme have been selected in the literature as of 150 works. From the literature evaluated, 33 articles were seized via the access at the literature Latin - American and from the Caribe well into Expertise from the to your healt (LILACS), and 117 from the access at the Library Brazilian as of Dentistry (BBO). Observed the articles than it is to prejudiced the bioethics, they shall be checked what of these disclosures they got the one appear from the ethics committee research. Of the total from the literature 68,55% to violate the bioethics as to the base from the beneficence and 0% as to the base from the did not maleficence. Observed - in case that than it is to 51,61% of the works evaluated they got the one appear advantageous from the ethics committee research.

Satisfação dos usuários assistidos nos Centros de Especialidades Odontológicas do Município do Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil / Patient satisfaction at Specialized Dental Clinics in Recife, Pernambuco State, Brazil

O estudo objetivou avaliar a satisfação dos usuários assistidos nos Centros de Especialidades Odontológicas do Município do Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil. Realizou-se entrevista pessoal padronizada com 272 pacientes utilizando o Questionário de Avaliação da Qualidade dos Serviços de Saúde Bucal (QASSaB). Os resultados indicaram uma avaliação positiva para a maioria das dimensões no geral. A acessibilidade foi um ponto crítico destacado. Houve diferença significante de 5 por cento na satisfação dos usuários, entre as unidades de serviço, para: relações humanas/cirurgião-dentista (p = 0,001); relações humanas/auxiliar (p = 0, 007); eficácia (p = 0,014); acessibilidade/tempo de espera (p = 0,018); ambiente físico/limpeza da recepção (p = 0,004); aceitabilidade (p = 0,029); efetividade/aparência dos dentes (p = 0,029) e efetividade/capacidade de mastigação (p < 0,001). Concluiu-se que a maioria dos usuários está satisfeita com a assistência prestada nos centros e que a satisfação difere em cada centro.

This study evaluated patient satisfaction at four specialized dental clinics in Recife, Pernambuco State, Brazil. Data were collected through a standardized self-applied individual questionnaire with 272 patients, to evaluate user satisfaction with public dental services. The findings indicated a positive evaluation on most dimensions, except for accessibility. Significant differences were observed between the services on the following dimensions: patient-dentist relationship (p = 0.001); patient-dental assistant relationship (p = 0.007); effectiveness (p = 0.014) accessibility/waiting time (p = 0.018); physical environment/reception room cleanness (p = 0.004); acceptability (p = 0.029); and effectiveness/tooth appearance (p = 0.029), effectiveness/chewing capacity (p < 0.001). In conclusion, most users were satisfied with the dental care, and satisfaction differed between services.

Avaliação das normas de biossegurança nas clínicas odontológicas da UFPE / Evaluation of biosecutrity norms in UFPE dental clinics

O objetivo deste trabalho foi observar o cumprimento das normas de biossegurança e os cuidados com os riscos ocupacionais pelos alunos que atenderam nas clínicas de Odontologia Preventiva, Odontopediatria, Dentística, Endodontia e nos procedimentos cirúrgicos nas clínicas de Periodontia e Cirurgia da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Este trabalho consistiu em um estudo observacional, no qual foram anotados em formulário o cumprimento ou não das normas de biossegurança e cuidados com os riscos ocupacionais pelos alunos durante o atendimento, no período de outubro/2006 a maio/2007. Os alunos foram observados em 09 clínicas, perfazendo no total de 488 fichas observadas. Procurou-se contemplar as clínicas em igual proporção de observações. Os resultados apontaram ausência de manilúvio, inadequações no uso dos EPI para alunos e pacientes, falta de local exclusivo para lavagem de instrumental e deficiências ergonômicas durante a prática clínica. Concluiu-se que é necessária a divulgação mais intensa de políticas públicas que orientem a utilização das normas de biossegurança entre os alunos da instituição, assim como reavaliação e mudanças na infra-estrutura das clínicas e conteúdos dos treinamentos em aula oferecidos aos alunos do curso de Odontologia da UFPE, no intuito de melhor conscientiza-los e prevenir a ocorrência de acidentes ocupacionais.

The purpose of this study was to observe the biosecurity norms execution, as well as the cares with the occupational risky by students who attended at Preventive Dentistry 2, Pediatric Dentistry 1 and 2, Dentistics 2 and 3, Endodontics 2 and 3 clinics, and surgical procedures in Periodontics and Surgery 1 clinics, of Faculdade de Odontologia at Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. This work consisted an observational study, in which were annotated in form the compliance or not of biosecurity norms and caution with occupational risks by the students during the service, in the period from October/2006 to May/2007. Students were observed at 09 clinics, for a total of 488 observed forms. It looked to comtemplate the clinics in equal observations proportion. Results pointed to the washing hands absence, inadequate use of individual protection equipments for students and patients, exclusive place to wash instruments lack and ergonomic deficiencies during the clinical practice. It was concluded it is necessary largest public policies divulgation to guide the biosecurity norms use among institution students, as well as revaluation and changes in clinical infrastructure and class training contents given to UFPE Dentistry students, in order to better awareness them and prevent occupational accidents occurrence.

Avaliação Clínica e Radiográfica do emprego do Mineral Trióxido Agregado (MTA) em dentes decíduos pulpotomizados / Evaluation Clinical and Radiografic of the use Mineral Aggregate Trioxide (MTA) in pulpotomizados deciduous teeth

A pulpotomia tem como princípio básico a remoção total da polpa coronária e subsequente dos filetes remanescentes radiculares, em condições de saúde, permitindo que o ciclo biológico do dente decíduo prossiga naturalmente. Muitos são os materiais de escolha para realização desse procedimento. Desta forma, foram selecionados 30 molares decíduos em pacientes atendidos em clínica de Odontopediatria durante o ano de 2006, com indicação clínica e radiográfica para a realização de pulpotomia, utilizando-se o Mineral Trióxido Agregado (MTA) como material de escolha. Após o procedimento fi realizada proservação clínica e radiográfica, com intervalo de 90 a 180 dias, para observar o selamento marginal da câmara pulpar, bem como a preservação das estruturas periodontais e possívelformação de barreira dentinária (ponte de dentina),. Os resultados comprovaram que o MTA pode ser utilizado como material de escolha por ser biocompatível.

The pulpotomy basic principle is the total removal of the coronary pulp and subsequent remaining of pulpa radicularis, in healh conditions, allowin the biological cycle of the primary tooth to continue of course.Formocresol, during much time, has been the material of choice to accomplish this procedure. Of this from, 30 molars deciduos were selected from patients being taken care of during the Course in Pedodontist in the uear of 2006, with clinical and radiographic indication for pulpotomy accomplishment using Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) as the material of choice. After the procedure had been carriedthough clinical and radiographic accessory in an interval pf 90 and 180 days, to observe the sealing marginal of the chamber pulp, as well as the preservation of the periodontals structures. The results prove that the MTA is a biocompatible material.

Análise microscópica da penetração de dois selantes comparados a dois cimentos de ionômero de vidro: estudo in vitro / Microscopical analysis of penetration of two sealants in comparison two glass ionomer: in vitro study

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo comparar a eficácia de materiais utilizados como selantes de fóssulas e fissuras oclusais (Vitremer, Vitrofill LC, Vitroseal Alpha e Flurosshield) em primeiros e segundos pré-molares humanos, bem como avaliar a sua penetração nos sulcos dos mesmos. Foram utilizados 40 dentes, sendo estes divididos em 4 grupos, um para cada material testado. Após o preparo dos elementos com broca 2137F, através da técnica invasiva, os espécimes foram seccionados e desgastados para análise microscópica e registro de imagens através do Sistema de Captura de Imagens da UFPE (Power VCR II). O material obtido após desmineralização teve seus tags medidos através do software Scion Image. Os valores resultantes foram submetidos à análise de variância, sendo realizado o teste estatístico de Tukey. Verificou-se uma grande variação dos somatórios dos comprimentos de tags em micrômetros. Concluiu-se, então, que o selante Fluroshield apresentou maior média de penetração, seguido do Vitroseal Alpha, dos ionômeros Vitremer e Vitrofill LC.

The present work has as objective to compare the effectiveness of materials used as occlusal pit and fictions selants (Vitremer, Vitrofill LC, Vitroseal Alpha and Fluroshield) in first and second premolars human being, as well as evaluating its adaptation and penetration in the grooves of the same ones. Had been used 40 teeth, which had been divided in 4 groups, one for each tested material. After the preparation of the elements with 2137F drill, through the invasive technique, the specimens had been parted and consumed for microscopical analysis and register of images through the System of Capture of Images of UFPE (Power VCR II). The material gotten after desmineralization had its tags measured through software Scion Image. The resultant values had been submitted to the analysis of variance, being carried through the statistical test of Tukey. A great variation of the somatorys of the lengths of tags in micrometers, was verified. It is concluded, therefore, that the sealant Fluroshield presented the greater average of penetration, followed of the Vitroseal Alpha, of the ionomer Vitremer and Vitrofill LC.

A importância da educação em saúde bucal nas escolas de ensino fundamental - Revisão de literatura / The importance of education in oral health in schools of basic education - review

A educação em saúde bucal é o principal instrumento na Saúde Bucal Coletiva, sendo cada vez mais requisitada, visando a uma adequada promoção de saúde. Este meio de abordagem é considerado de baixo custo e com possibilidades de alto impacto odontológico no âmbito público e coletivo. Sabendo-se que os professores pdem e devem atuar como educadores na formação de opiniões e na assimilação de informações, faz-se necessário uma maior contribuição por parte destes na educação em saúde bucal. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre a educação para promoção de saúde bucal em escolas de ensino fundamental, incluindo seus métodos e os agentes promotores. A metodologia foi obtida através do levantamento de periódicos em bases de dados como SciELO, LILACS, Bireme, BBO dos últimos 10 anos, a cerca do assunto. O desconhecimento quanto aos cuidados e à higiene bucal ainda está presente nesta população, podendo ocasionar uma deficiência na saúde bucal. Por isso, é essencial que haja uma maior participação, nessas escolas, de agentes promotores de saúde bucal (como os professores), além de métodos mais participativos e demonstrativos. Esta educação deve ser contínua para obtenção de melhores resultados.

The education in oral health is the main instrument in the Preventive Dentistry and is increasingly required, aimed at promoting adequate health. This mde of approach is considered a low cost and with possibilities of dental impact on the public and collective. Knowing that teachers can act as educators in the formation of opinions and assimilation of information, it is necessary a greater contribution by those in education in oral health. The objective of this work is to carry out a review of literature on educaton for the promotion of oral health in schools of basic education, including its methods and agents promoters. The methodology was obtained through the lifting of journals in databases as SciELO and LILACS, the past 10 years, about the matter. The ignorance about the care and oral hygiene is still present in this population and can cause a deficiency in oral health. So it is essential that there be greater participation in these schools, promoters, agents, oral health (such as teachers), as well as more participatory methods and demonstrating. This education must be continued to obtain better results.