ABSTRACT
Conformational changes in Cry3A delta-endotoxin caused by three different alcohols (ethanol, butanol, and isopropanol) were studied using the methods of circular dichroism, scanning microcalorimetry, and electron miscroscopy. It was shown that, in addition to the standard decrease in the native structure stability, the alcohols can cause a conformational transition that results in a sharp increase in the beta-structure content and a change in the environment of aromatic residues. The conformational transition is accompanied by intermolecular association, which leads to the appearance of oligomers in the form of short filaments. When the alcohols were removed, the oligomers dissociated again into monomers, but it is likely that the native structure either is not restored or is restored only in a small portion of molecules. The oligomer structure is rather cooperative, and its thermostability is higher than that of the initial structure. The disruption of this structure upon heating, observed as a heat absorption peak, is reversible.
Subject(s)
Alcohols/chemistry , Bacillus thuringiensis/chemistry , Bacterial Proteins/chemistry , Bacterial Toxins/chemistry , Endotoxins/chemistry , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins , Bacterial Proteins/ultrastructure , Calorimetry, Differential Scanning , Circular Dichroism , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Hemolysin Proteins , Hydrolysis , Microscopy, Electron , Protein ConformationABSTRACT
Overall 200 patients suffering from attack-like progressive schizophrenia associated with Kandinsky-Clérambault syndrome were examined. All the patients underwent compulsory treatment at the psychiatric hospitals. Two varieties of schizophrenia associated with Kandinsky-Clérambault syndrome were distinguished: psychotic (127 persons) and psychopath-like (73 persons). The psychotic variety is characterized by the growth of personality disintegration because of changes to a greater degree in the thinking sphere, whereas the psychopath-like variety is marked by alterations in the affective volitional sphere. The psychopathological mechanisms of socially dangerous action of the patients at the preproductive and productive stages of endogenous process are described depending on the varieties distinguished.
Subject(s)
Forensic Psychiatry , Neurocognitive Disorders/diagnosis , Schizophrenia/diagnosis , Seizures/diagnosis , Commitment of Mentally Ill , Humans , Neurocognitive Disorders/classification , Psychopathology , Schizophrenia/classification , Seizures/classificationABSTRACT
The author related the results of analyzing 273 patients suffering from attack-like progressive schizophrenia with the Kandinsky-Clérambault syndrome, who committed socially dangerous actions and were subjected to compulsory treatment. Out of the 273 patients, only 57 (20.5%) had a combination of the manifestations of the Kandinsky-Clérambault syndrome and delusion of poisoning. The establishment of delusion of poisoning was in a close relationship and in parallel to the formation of the Kandinsky-Clérambault syndrome. The formation of delusion of poisoning went on the basis of the 4 psychopathological phenomena: senestopathy, gustatory and olfactory hallucinations, acoustic pseudohallucinations. Delusion of poisoning acquires the greatest criminogenic importance when it is formed on the basis of senestopathies and acoustic pseudohallucinations; it is of the least importance when formed on the basis of gustatory and olfactory hallucinations.
Subject(s)
Automatism/diagnosis , Delusions/diagnosis , Poisoning/psychology , Schizophrenia/diagnosis , Schizophrenic Psychology , Adolescent , Adult , Automatism/etiology , Automatism/psychology , Delusions/etiology , Delusions/psychology , Forensic Psychiatry , Hallucinations/etiology , Hallucinations/psychology , Humans , Male , Schizophrenia/complicationsABSTRACT
Using clinico-psychopathological methods of examination the authors studied 93 schizophrenics with a delirious variant of the Kandinsky-Clérambaut syndrome who had committed violent antisocial actions (VAA). It has been ascertained that peculiarities of the clinical course at the time when the VAA was committed reflect the stages of the development of the syndrome: the initial stage, the stage of delirious personification of psychic automatisms and the stage of involution of the delirious variant of the Kandinsky-Clérambaut syndrome. It has been established that the more acute the psychosis the higher the significance in the psychopathological mechanisms of VAA of clinical manifestations of the syndrome and lower the role of social and personality factors.
Subject(s)
Delirium/diagnosis , Forensic Psychiatry , Neurocognitive Disorders/diagnosis , Schizophrenia/diagnosis , Automatism/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Homicide , Humans , Male , Psychopathology , ViolenceABSTRACT
In considering the structure of the ribosomal 30S subparticle from Escherichia coli we have assumed that : 1) all or almost all the proteins in the 30S subparticle are compact and globular as has been shown for isolated proteins S4, S7, S8, S15 and S16 in solution [Serdyuk I. N., Zaccai G. and Spirin A. S. (1978) FEBS Letters, 94, 349-352]; 2) RNA within the 30S subparticle has the same specific V-like or Y-like shape demonstrated for the isolated 16S RNA in a compact conformation [Vasiliev V. D., Selivanova O. M. and Koteliansky V. E. (1978) FEBS Letters, 95, 273-276]. On the basis of this assumption and numerous data published on the mutual localization of ribosomal proteins, we have constructed a model of the quaternary structure of the ribosomal 30S subparticle. We have tested the model by comparing the theoretically calculated curves of neutron and X-ray scattering at different contrasts with the corresponding experimental scattering curves of the E. coli 30S subparticles and have found that they coincide. The calculated scattering curves of several previously published three-dimensional diagrams of protein topography in the 30S subparticle do not agree with experiment.
