ABSTRACT
'Off-target' silencing effect hinders the development of siRNA-based therapeutic and research applications. Common solution to this problem is an employment of the BLAST that may miss significant alignments or an exhaustive Smith-Waterman algorithm that is very time-consuming. We have developed a Comprehensive Redundancy Minimizer (CRM) approach for mapping all unique sequences ("targets") 9-to-15 nt in size within large sets of sequences (e.g. transcriptomes). CRM outputs a list of potential siRNA candidates for every transcript of the particular species. These candidates could be further analyzed by traditional "set-of-rules" types of siRNA designing tools. For human, 91% of transcripts are covered by candidate siRNAs with kernel targets of N = 15. We tested our approach on the collection of previously described experimentally assessed siRNAs and found that the correlation between efficacy and presence in CRM-approved set is significant (r = 0.215, p-value = 0.0001). An interactive database that contains a precompiled set of all human siRNA candidates with minimized redundancy is available at http://129.174.194.243. Application of the CRM-based filtering minimizes potential "off-target" silencing effects and could improve routine siRNA applications.
Subject(s)
Algorithms , Genome, Human/genetics , RNA, Small Interfering/genetics , Animals , Humans , Internet , Mice , Sequence Analysis, DNA/methodsABSTRACT
A new model of an angular endoscope is described. The optical circuit and the design of the instrument are reviewed. The main technical parameters and the results of testing are provided.
Subject(s)
Endoscopes , Fiber Optic Technology/instrumentation , Equipment Design , Humans , Optical Fibers , Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases/diagnosis , Spinal Cord Diseases/diagnosis , USSRABSTRACT
Possibilities of the usage of different models of flexible ophthalmic endoscopes in diagnosis and treatment of intraocular eye pathology have been studied. The paper presents data about the usage of endoscopes at the time of intraocular operations in the "closed" eye of 25 patients with pathologic changes of different etiology in the posterior segment of the eye (25 eyes). Comparative analysis of possibilities of the usage of different models has revealed advantages of endoscopes with combined observation and illumination channels and with a wide-angle objective. Different methods for the usage of flexible ophthalmic endoscopes are described. It is pointed out that ophthalmic endoscopy, by giving a surgeon additional information about intraocular changes, allows the operation of a closed type in vitreoretinal pathology to be much more effective.
