ABSTRACT
Pemphigus foliaceus (PF) is an autoimmune blistering disorder which affects the superficial layers of the epidermis with rare mucosal involvement. We present the case of a 12-year-old girl with PF involving the eyes and eyelids. A literature review of pediatric nonendemic PF revealed another two cases with ocular manifestations. Eyelid involvement is an uncommon feature of PF that should be properly identified and treated.
Subject(s)
Eyelid Diseases , Pemphigus , Child , Female , Humans , Eyelid Diseases/diagnosis , Eyelid Diseases/pathology , Eyelids/pathology , Pemphigus/diagnosis , Pemphigus/pathologyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Melasma is an acquired pigmentation disorder with a complex multifactorial etiopathogenesis. Oral tranexamic acid (TA) is a promising drug for its treatment and may enhance outcomes when used in combination. OBJECTIVE: To provide evidence of the efficacy and safety of oral TA as a monotherapy, and in combination with a triple combination cream, for treating melasma in the Hispanic population. METHODS: Forty-four female Hispanic patients with melasma were randomly assigned to receive 325 mg of oral TA every 12 h plus f-TCC (fluocinolone-based triple combination cream) every 24 h (group A) or 325 mg of oral TA every 12 h (group B) for 8 weeks, after which both groups were crossed-over, and treated for an additional 8 weeks. Evaluations of the mMASI score, the melanin index, and the MelasQoL were made at baseline and Weeks 4, 8, 12, and 16. RESULTS: There was a 50.04% and 65.45% improvement in mMASI at Weeks 4 and 8, respectively, in group A, compared to baseline, while for Week 16, an improvement of 76.85% was achieved in group B compared to baseline. Highest scores were consistent with the use of the combined treatment modality in both groups, and were evidenced by the values of the melanin index obtained. There was no significant difference in MelasQoL scores between the 2 groups. No serious side effects were observed. CONCLUSION: The combination of oral TA and f-TCC is more effective than oral TA alone in the treatment of severe melasma in Hispanic patients.
Subject(s)
Melanosis , Tranexamic Acid , Combined Modality Therapy , Emollients/therapeutic use , Female , Humans , Melanins , Melanosis/drug therapy , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Vitiligo is a skin disorder characterized by depigmentation of the skin due to a lack of melanin. This condition affects men and woman of all ages and its incidence is not restricted by ethnicity or region. Vitiligo is a multifactorial disease, in which melanocytes, which serve important functions in skin pigmentation and immune processes, are impaired. There is sufficient evidence that immunological and genetic factors are primarily responsible for the destruction and dysfunction of melanocytes. Therefore, genetic DNA sequence variants that participate in skin homeostasis, pigmentation and immune response regulation, as well as altered expression patterns, may contribute to the risk of developing vitiligo. The current review presented an overview of the mechanism of pigmentation and of currently known factors involved in depigmentation, as well as the classification, epidemiology, associated comorbidities, risk factors, immunopathogenesis and several genetic and molecular changes associated with vitiligo.
Subject(s)
Adiposis Dolorosa , Surgical Wound , Adiposis Dolorosa/diagnosis , Adiposis Dolorosa/surgery , Humans , PainSubject(s)
Adjuvants, Immunologic/therapeutic use , Alopecia Areata/therapy , Cyclobutanes/therapeutic use , Cyclopropanes/therapeutic use , Immunotherapy , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Hospitals, University , Humans , Male , Mexico , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Young AdultSubject(s)
Platelet-Rich Plasma , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Mexico , Prospective Studies , Reproducibility of ResultsABSTRACT
Alopecia associated with ingestion of amphetamines has been reported occasionally. These drugs may act as a triggering factor to develop diffuse alopecia. We present a case of alopecia areata possibly linked to the ingestion of amphetamines. This case may provide evidence that amphetamines can also be a cause of alopecia areata in susceptible individuals. We intend to awaken an interest in the medication history of patients presenting with sudden diffuse alopecia areata.
Subject(s)
Compression Bandages , Ear, External/pathology , Keloid/pathology , Keloid/therapy , Steroids/administration & dosage , Adolescent , Adult , Combined Modality Therapy , Ear, External/surgery , Female , Humans , Injections, Intralesional , Keloid/drug therapy , Keloid/surgery , Male , Recurrence , Steroids/therapeutic use , Young AdultSubject(s)
Eyebrows/radiation effects , Low-Level Light Therapy/adverse effects , Protective Devices , Radiation Injuries/prevention & control , Burns/prevention & control , Cosmetic Techniques/adverse effects , Equipment Design , Female , Humans , Low-Level Light Therapy/methods , Male , Primary Prevention/instrumentation , Protective Devices/statistics & numerical data , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Skin cancer treatment includes surgical and non-surgical techniques. Among surgical techniques, Mohs micrographic surgery permits a complete evaluation of surgical margins with maximal tissue sparing. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective review of dermatology database of skin cancer cases treated with Mohs surgery at University Hospital Dr. José Eleuterio González from 1988 to 2015. RESULTS: A total of 546 cases were included, of these 289 (52.93%) corresponded to women and 257 (47.07%) to men. Mean age at presentation was 64.3. Most tumors (63.2%) corresponded to infiltrative basal cell carcinoma and the majority were located on the nose and cheek; 9.7% of cases corresponded to recurrent tumors. A mean of 1 Mohs stages was used in 56%, with a mean of 2 sections in 23.6%. Cutaneous flaps were used in 47.7%, representing the predominant reconstruction technique. CONCLUSION: Mohs surgery has emerged in one of the dermatology reference centres in the North of the country as one of the surgical techniques for the treatment of aggressive carcinomas with high risk of recurrence.