ABSTRACT
This study analyses the intensive care treatment of 48 patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) at the Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital No. 2, Moscow, Russia, between 2007 and 2019, with a severe and complicated form of P. falciparum malaria (B50.8 ICD 10). Objective. The aim of this study was to improve the intensive care treatment for severe and complicated P. falciparum malaria. The treatment strategy implemented was aimed at preventing ischaemia-reperfusion injury to organs, as well as haemorrhagic complications. The ICU Case Management Protocol set up indications for transferring patients to the ICU which provide preventive (prior to the development of renal failure) application of extracorporeal hemocorrection methods (continuous venous-venous hemodiafiltration and plasmapheresis in a plasma exchange mode) and mechanical ventilation under a medically induced coma, given impaired consciousness as the initial symptom of patients. Results. Successful treatment outcome in a majority of the patients (93.8%), shorter ICU length of stay (6.67 ± 1.9 days as compared to 94 ± 1.6 before introduction of the protocol), a median parasite clearance time of 37.50 hours (95% CI 36.21-38.18), and a reduced mortality rate from 29.1% to 6.25% support the efficacy of the ICU protocol in managing severe and complicated P. falciparum malaria.
ABSTRACT
The review analyzes the major epidemiological and clinical aspects of Dengue fever, by providing the clinical examples of using its imported cases. It gives algorithms for examining patients who have come from tropical countries with the fever of unknown origin. Based on the extensive data available in the literature and international guidelines, the authors present treatment algorithms for out- and inpatients with Dengue fever. Promising studies of vaccination against Dengue fever are analyzed.