ABSTRACT
The problems of complex disabilities remain unfairly poor in terms of the solutions needed to make early diagnoses, realistic prognoses, treatment plans, and achieve useful outcomes for children and parents. Many difficulties arise from the clinical practice which is satisfied with what it knows and does. The term 'complex' is used in various fields. This is why it lends itself to unnecessary simplifications. For many, the adjective 'complex' qualifies the seriousness of a difficult and multi-problematic condition. The clinic of the future has a great need to manage saturated and unsaturated explanatory models. The components of the methodological arch synthesize the potential available with clinical strategies distributed in as many paths of analysis and decision-making which, under certain conditions, can become "self-supporting", that is, very strong. The European debate on the social future is carefully considering the potentials of innovation in the health care. This is the future that awaits us, especially if the centers of excellence want to experience this challenge together.
Subject(s)
Parents , Patient Care Planning , Child , HumansABSTRACT
El análisis de la evolución histórica de la protección a la infancia en España e Italia muestra importantes aspectos comunes. En ambos países ha existido una gran tradición del uso del acogimiento residencial mediante grandes instituciones, mayormente gestionadas por organizaciones religiosas católicas, y ambas han tenido que afrontar el reto de cambiar la tendencia del acogimiento institucional por el familiar, más acorde con los tratados internacionales y los derechos del niño. Por otra parte, ambos países comparten una cultura mediterránea en la que tradicionalmente la familia ha sido el principal proveedor de bienestar personal y social, aunque en las últimas décadas ha alcanzado un alto grado de desarrollo el Estado del bienestar con amplias coberturas de salud, educación y servicios sociales. La actual crisis económica de estos países está poniendo en riesgo estos avances recién conseguidos y de nuevo la importancia del apoyo familiar está siendo decisiva. El artículo revisa el desarrollo histórico de las medidas de protección con separación familiar y compara los datos de acogimiento familiar y residencial, así como las principales aportaciones de la investigación a estos temas en ambos países (AU)
The analysis of the historical development of child protection in Spain and Italy shows remarkable common aspects. There has been a strong tradition of using residential care by means of large institutions, mostly run by catholic religious organizations, in both countries, and both have had to face the challenge of changing the tendency of this institutional care to a family based care. On the other hand, both countries share a Mediterranean culture where the family has been the main provider of personal and social wellbeing, although the welfare state has achieved a high level of development with large health, education, and social services coverage in the last decades. The current financial crisis of these countries is jeopardizing these recently attained advances and again the importance of family support is becoming crucial. The article reviews the historical development of out-of-home care in both countries and compares foster family and residential care, as well as the main research contributions to these topics in both countries (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Public Policy , /organization & administration , Child, Abandoned , Foster Home Care/organization & administration , Child Welfare , Italy , Spain , Family CharacteristicsABSTRACT
Comprehensive geriatric assessment has become synonymous with geriatric practice. This includes evaluation of the older person's physical and mental health, and the functional and social status. We propose a new way of representing a person's condition, called the "polar diagram". This shows the subject's scores on the evaluation scales that are arranged in radial positions inside a circle. The outer part of the circle corresponds to the best condition. Gaps between the best condition and the actual scores are easily identified. The diagram can be employed to monitor the subject's condition and to assess any changes in outcomes.
