Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 13 de 13
Filter
1.
PeerJ ; 12: e17510, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38952973

ABSTRACT

The volcano rabbit (Romerolagus diazi) is a lagomorph endemic to the central mountains of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt and is classified as threatened at extinction risk. It is a habitat specialist in bunchgrass communities. The annual wildfires that occur throughout its distribution range are a vulnerability factor for the species. However, the effects of wildfires on volcano rabbit populations are not fully understood. We evaluated the occupancy and change in the volcano rabbit relative abundance index in the burned bunchgrass communities of the Ajusco-Chichinautzin Mountain Range during an annual cycle of wildfire events. Additionally, we assessed the factors that favor and limit occupation and reoccupation by the volcano rabbit using the relative abundance index in burned plots as an indicator of these processes. The explanatory factors for the response of the volcano rabbit were its presence in the nearby unburned bunchgrasses, the height of three species of bunchgrass communities, the proportion of different types of vegetation cover within a 500 m radius around the burned plots, heterogeneity of the vegetation cover, and the extent of the wildfire. Statistical analyses indicated possible reoccupation in less than a year in burned bunchgrass communities adjacent to unburned bunchgrass communities with volcano rabbits. The relative abundance index of volcano rabbits was not favored when the maximum height of the Muhlenbergia macroura bunchgrass community was less than 0.77 m. When the vegetation around the burned plots was dominated by forest (cover >30% of the buffer) and the fire was extensive, the number of latrines decreased per month but increased when the bunchgrass and shrub cover was greater around the burned plots. While the statistical results are not conclusive, our findings indicate a direction for future projects, considering extensive monitoring to obtain a greater number of samples that contribute to consolidating the models presented.


Subject(s)
Ecosystem , Wildfires , Animals , Mexico , Lagomorpha , Rabbits , Poaceae
2.
Pathol Oncol Res ; 29: 1611236, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37746553

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The role of the type, stage and status of cancer in the outcome of COVID-19 remains unclear. Moreover, the characteristic pathological changes of severe COVID-19 reveled by laboratory and radiological findings are similar to those due to the development of cancer itself and antineoplastic therapies. Objective: To identify potential predictors of mortality of COVID-19 in cancer patients. Materials and methods: A retrospective and cross-sectional study was carried out in patients with clinical suspicion of COVID-19 who were confirmed for COVID-19 diagnosis by RT-PCR testing at the National Institute of Neoplastic Diseases between April and December 2020. Demographic, clinical, laboratory and radiological data were analyzed. Statistical analyses included area under the curve and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results: A total of 226 patients had clinical suspicion of COVID-19, the diagnosis was confirmed in 177 (78.3%), and 70/177 (39.5%) died. Age, active cancer, leukocyte count ≥12.8 × 109/L, urea ≥7.4 mmol/L, ferritin ≥1,640, lactate ≥2.0 mmol/L, and lung involvement ≥35% were found to be independent predictors of COVID-19 mortality. Conclusion: Active cancer represents the main prognosis factor of death, while the role of cancer stage and type is unclear. Chest CT is a useful tool in the prognosis of death from COVID-19 in cancer patients. It is a challenge to establish the prognostic utility of laboratory markers as their altered values it could have either oncological or pandemic origins.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Neoplasms , Humans , COVID-19 Testing , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Lactic Acid
3.
JCO Glob Oncol ; 8: e2100379, 2022 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35728013

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is a multifocal angioproliferative disease. In Peru, the implementation of the highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) program was in 2005, the model for treating patients with HIV-positive KS shifted to a potential cure. In this study, we aim to compare clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors associated with outcomes in patients with HIV-positive KS. METHODS: We developed a retrospective cohort study that includes patients with HIV/AIDS and KS seen in the Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas between 1987 and 2017. Patients were divided into two groups according to the implementation of HAART in our country: the non-HAART group and those treated with HAART after 2005. Multivariate analysis for overall survival (OS) was performed with the Cox proportional hazard regression model. RESULTS: There was a greater visceral compromise and more extensive oral cavity involvement in the non-HAART group (60% 31.7%, P < .01). Regarding the immune status, there was a significant difference from the CD4 count at 1-year follow-up (73 v 335, P = .01). The CD4/CD8 rate were significant different before QT (0.23 v 0.13, P = .01) and at 1-year follow-up (0.12 v 0.32, P = .03.). The estimated 5-year OS rate was significantly lower (P = .0001) for the non-HAART group (41.7%; 95% CI, 25.9 to 56.9) compared with the HAART group (79.3%; 95% CI, 66.8 to 87.5). In the multivariate model for OS, full-HAART regimen and previous diagnosis of HIV/AIDS (P < .01) were significantly associated with longer survival. CONCLUSION: Clinical and demographic characteristics of our patients are compatible with the literature, but we report a higher rate of gastrointestinal involvement. Furthermore, our findings provide evidence for the importance of HAART and its ability to reduce KS-related mortality.


Subject(s)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome , Sarcoma, Kaposi , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/drug therapy , Anti-Retroviral Agents/therapeutic use , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , Humans , Peru/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Sarcoma, Kaposi/complications , Sarcoma, Kaposi/drug therapy
4.
Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica ; 38(1): 108-112, 2021.
Article in Spanish, English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34190901

ABSTRACT

Listeriosis infection is a severe disease, with high morbidity and mortality in the immunocompromised patient, especially with disseminated and fatal presentations in cancer patients. A descriptive study was developed to describe the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics in oncologic patients with listeriosis in the Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas between the years 2005-2015. A total of 29 patients were included; 23 (79.3%) of the listeriosis cases showed up in patients with hematological neoplasia, of which 52.1% was acute lymphatic leukemia and 39.1% non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The 72.4% of the isolated species correspond to Listeria monocytogenes. Twenty-seven (93.1%) patients met sepsis criteria and twenty-four (82.7%) had neurologic affection. Bacteremia was the most common presentation, followed by meningoencephalitis (20.6%). Global mortality was 75.8%. In conclusion in cancer patients, listeriosis implies high morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the suspicion of this entity is mandatory in onco-hematologic patients with sepsis and acute neurologic symptoms.


La listeriosis es una infección severa de elevada morbimortalidad en el paciente inmunocomprometido, existen formas diseminadas y fatales en el paciente oncológico. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de las características clínico-epidemiológicas de los pacientes oncológicos con listeriosis atendidos en el Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas entre 2005 y 2015. Se incluyeron 29 pacientes, 23 (79,3%) casos de listeriosis se presentaron en pacientes con neoplasia hematológica, de los cuales el 52,3% fueron leucemia linfática aguda y 39,1% linfoma no Hodgkin. Listeria monocytogenes representó el 72,4% de las especies aisladas. Veintisiete (93,1%) tuvieron criterios de sepsis y veinticuatro (82,7%) compromiso neurológico al ingreso. La presentación más común fue la bacteriemia, seguida de la meningoencefalitis (20,6%). La mortalidad global fue del 75,8%. Se concluye que la listeriosis conlleva elevada morbimortalidad en el paciente oncohematológico, por lo que debe sospecharse en el paciente admitido con sepsis y/o compromiso neurológico agudo.


Subject(s)
Bacteremia , Listeria monocytogenes , Listeria , Listeriosis , Bacteremia/epidemiology , Humans , Listeriosis/complications , Listeriosis/epidemiology , Peru/epidemiology
5.
Rev. peru. med. exp. salud publica ; 38(1): 108-112, ene-mar 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1280554

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN La listeriosis es una infección severa de elevada morbimortalidad en el paciente inmunocomprometido, existen formas diseminadas y fatales en el paciente oncológico. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de las características clínico-epidemiológicas de los pacientes oncológicos con listeriosis atendidos en el Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas entre 2005 y 2015. Se incluyeron 29 pacientes, 23 (79,3%) casos de listeriosis se presentaron en pacientes con neoplasia hematológica, de los cuales el 52,3% fueron leucemia linfática aguda y 39,1% linfoma no Hodgkin. Listeria monocytogenes representó el 72,4% de las especies aisladas. Veintisiete (93,1%) tuvieron criterios de sepsis y veinticuatro (82,7%) compromiso neurológico al ingreso. La presentación más común fue la bacteriemia, seguida de la meningoencefalitis (20,6%). La mortalidad global fue del 75,8%. Se concluye que la listeriosis conlleva elevada morbimortalidad en el paciente oncohematológico, por lo que debe sospecharse en el paciente admitido con sepsis y/o compromiso neurológico agudo.


ABSTRACT Listeriosis infection is a severe disease, with high morbidity and mortality in the immunocompromised patient, especially with disseminated and fatal presentations in cancer patients. A descriptive study was developed to describe the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics in oncologic patients with listeriosis in the Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas between the years 2005-2015. A total of 29 patients were included; 23 (79.3%) of the listeriosis cases showed up in patients with hematological neoplasia, of which 52.1% was acute lymphatic leukemia and 39.1% non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The 72.4% of the isolated species correspond to Listeria monocytogenes. Twenty-seven (93.1%) patients met sepsis criteria and twenty-four (82.7%) had neurologic affection. Bacteremia was the most common presentation, followed by meningoencephalitis (20.6%). Global mortality was 75.8%. In conclusion in cancer patients, listeriosis implies high morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the suspicion of this entity is mandatory in onco-hematologic patients with sepsis and acute neurologic symptoms.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Peru , Bacteremia , Listeria , Neoplasms , Patients , Indicators of Morbidity and Mortality , Sepsis , Infections
6.
Rev. peru. med. exp. salud publica ; 38(1): 108-112, ene-mar 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1280573

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN La listeriosis es una infección severa de elevada morbimortalidad en el paciente inmunocomprometido, existen formas diseminadas y fatales en el paciente oncológico. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de las características clínico-epidemiológicas de los pacientes oncológicos con listeriosis atendidos en el Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas entre 2005 y 2015. Se incluyeron 29 pacientes, 23 (79,3%) casos de listeriosis se presentaron en pacientes con neoplasia hematológica, de los cuales el 52,3% fueron leucemia linfática aguda y 39,1% linfoma no Hodgkin. Listeria monocytogenes representó el 72,4% de las especies aisladas. Veintisiete (93,1%) tuvieron criterios de sepsis y veinticuatro (82,7%) compromiso neurológico al ingreso. La presentación más común fue la bacteriemia, seguida de la meningoencefalitis (20,6%). La mortalidad global fue del 75,8%. Se concluye que la listeriosis conlleva elevada morbimortalidad en el paciente oncohematológico, por lo que debe sospecharse en el paciente admitido con sepsis y/o compromiso neurológico agudo.


ABSTRACT Listeriosis infection is a severe disease, with high morbidity and mortality in the immunocompromised patient, especially with disseminated and fatal presentations in cancer patients. A descriptive study was developed to describe the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics in oncologic patients with listeriosis in the Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas between the years 2005-2015. A total of 29 patients were included; 23 (79.3%) of the listeriosis cases showed up in patients with hematological neoplasia, of which 52.1% was acute lymphatic leukemia and 39.1% non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The 72.4% of the isolated species correspond to Listeria monocytogenes. Twenty-seven (93.1%) patients met sepsis criteria and twenty-four (82.7%) had neurologic affection. Bacteremia was the most common presentation, followed by meningoencephalitis (20.6%). Global mortality was 75.8%. In conclusion in cancer patients, listeriosis implies high morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the suspicion of this entity is mandatory in onco-hematologic patients with sepsis and acute neurologic symptoms.


Subject(s)
Bacteremia , Listeria monocytogenes , Neoplasms , Peru , Morbidity , Mortality , Listeria
7.
Infect Agent Cancer ; 13: 27, 2018.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30083224

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is the most common cancer in people with HIV. Although 95% of HIV patients are in developing countries like Peru, the majority of these studies have been conducted in developed countries. In this study we aim to evaluate prognostic factors associated with outcomes in HIV positive patients undergoing systemic therapy for treatment of NHL. METHODS: This retrospective study includes patients with NHL seen in the Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas (INEN) between 2004 to 2014. Patients were divided into two groups: antiretroviral therapy (ART) -naïve (n = 34) and those previously treated, ART-exposed (n = 13), at the time of diagnosis. All patients received chemotherapy and ART. The medical records were reviewed. Data were analyzed using t-test and chi-square test. Survival curves were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method and comparison was done by log-rank test. Multivariate analysis for overall survival (OS) was performed with the Cox proportional hazard regression model. RESULTS: All ART-exposed patients were from the capital city (p = 0.039); they had significantly lower hemoglobin levels compared to ART-naïve patients (p = 0.026). The median OS was 47.7 months with a 5-yr OS of 36.1%. The median OS for ART naïve patients was significantly higher than that for ART-exposed patients (57.05 and 21.09 months, respectively; p = 0.018). Advanced stage and low serum albumin were associated with lower OS in both groups. Age > 60 was associated with worse outcomes in the ART-naïve cohort. CONCLUSIONS: Advanced stage, low serum albumin and previous ART treatment were the primary prognostic factors associated with poorer outcomes in patients with NHL and HIV infection. In ART-naïve patients, age > 60 was associated with worse outcomes but in this cohort, older patients still had better overall outcomes than ART-exposed patients.

8.
Lima; s.n; 2013. 45 p. tab, graf.
Thesis in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-724621

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Determinar el nivel de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas sobre fotoprotección infantil en madres que acuden al Servicio de Dermatología del Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo en enero 2012. METODOLOGIA: Estudio descriptivo transversal. La población estuvo constituida por madres mayores de 18 años que acudieron al Servicio de Dermatología del Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo en el mes de enero del 2012. El muestreo fue de tipo aleatorio sistemático. Se entrevistó a las madres en la fila de espera para acceder a los consultorios. La entrevista duró un tiempo aproximado de 15 minutos RESULTADOS: La muestra mínima fue de 83 madres, fue posible encuestar a un total de 101 madres. El 91.2 por ciento de las madres refirió conocer que la exposición solar tenía efectos negativos en la salud de su niño. Con relación a los efectos a corto y largo plazo causados por la exposición solar, los reconocidos con mayor frecuencia fueron el cáncer de piel (83.2 por ciento), las manchas (59.4 por ciento) y las quemaduras solares (55.4 por ciento). Se observó que las madres con instrucción superior consideraban con mayor frecuencia que sus niños debían de usar protectores solares todo el año en comparación con las madres con instrucción secundaria (85.7 por ciento versus 61.3 por ciento respectivamente) (Prueba Chi cuadrado; p=0.029). Con relación a las actitudes, el 17.8 por ciento de las madres pensaba que la exposición solar era saludable para el niño y el 3.0 por ciento pensaba que el niño se veía mejor bronceado. El 77.2 por ciento de madres refirió que protegía a su niño o niña del sol y el 72.3 por ciento usaba fotoprotector solar para sus niños. El grado de instrucción tuvo influencia significativa sobre el uso de protector solar en los niños (Prueba Chi cuadrado; p=0.006) de modo que las madres con instrucción superior usaban con mayor frecuencia el protector solar en sus niños en comparación con las madres de instrucción secundaria (95.2 por ciento versus...


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Female , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Child Care , Skin Care , Skin Diseases/prevention & control , Ultraviolet Filters , Ultraviolet Rays/adverse effects , Threshold Limit Values , Observational Study , Cross-Sectional Studies
9.
Rev. cient. (Maracaibo) ; 17(5): 508-513, sept.-oct. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-548544

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el efecto de la criopreservación sobre las características morfométricas de las cabezas de espermatozoides de toros Brahman y sus mestizos. Cinco eyaculados fueron colectados de 4 toros y diluidos a 30°C en una solución de leche descremada-yema de huevo. Por cada muestra se hicieron dos frotis: uno del semen diluido, antes de su congelación en vapores de nitrógeno líquido, y otro de semen descongelado una semana después de la congelación. Todos los frotis fueron secados al aire y coloreados con Hemacolor®. Se analizaron las dimensiones de la cabeza espermática para un mínimo de 150 espermatozoides por muestra mediante el Sperm Class Analyser® (SCA). El procedimiento GLM se realizó para evaluar el efecto de la criopreservación sobre las dimensiones morfométricas de las cabezas espermáticas. Las cabezas espermáticas de los toros fueron significativamente (P<0,001) menores en los espermatozoides criopreservados que en las muestras frescas para la longitud (9,00 µm vs. 9,43 µm), el ancho (4,82 µm vs. 5,13 µm), el perímetro (32,46 µm vs. 33,69 µm) y el área (36,20 µm²vs. 39,97 µm²) para todos los toros. Así mismo, se encontraron diferencias (P<0,001) de todos los parámetros morfométricos de los toros evaluados, encontrándose dimensiones de cabeza menores en las muestras descongeladas. La variabilidad individual (CV) de las medidas de cabeza espermática de los toros osciló entre el 5,9 y el 10,2 por ciento para las muestras frescas y descongeladas, respectivamente. En conclusión, este estudio indica que el proceso de criopreservación de semen de toro afecta la morfometría, al reducir las dimensiones de la cabeza espermática de toros Brahman y sus cruces. Las diferencias entre los toros evaluados puede ser indicativo de diferencias individuales al proceso de criopreservación.


The objective of this study was to determine the effect of cryopreservation on morphometrics characteristic of Brahman and their crossbred bull sperm heads. Five ejaculates were collected from 4 bulls and diluted at 30°C in a skim milk-egg yolk extender. Two microscope slides were prepared from single extended sperm samples prior to freezing in nitrogen vapors, and another one after thawing, sperm smears were prepared as described above. All slides were air dried and stained with Hemacolor®. Sperm-head dimensions for a minimum of 150 sperm heads/samples were analysed from each sample by means of the Sperm-Class Analyser® (SCA), and the mean measurements recorded. A GLM procedure was performed to evaluate the effect of cryopreservation on sperm head morphometric dimensions. Bull sperm heads were significantly (P<0.001) smaller in frozen-thawed spermatozoa than in the extended samples for length (9.00 µm vs. 9.43 µm), width (4.82 µm vs. 5.13 µm), perimeter (32.46 µm vs. 33.69 µm) and area (36.20 µm2 vs. 39.97 µm2) for all bulls. Also, differences (P<0.001) were found within all bulls for whole morphometric parameters. The individual variability of sperm head measurements across all bulls ranged from 5.9% to 10.2% for fresh and thawed samples, respectively. In conclusion, the present study indicate that cryopreservation of bull semen did affect the morphometry to reduce the dimensions of Brahman and crossbred bull sperm heads. The differences among bulls may be indicative of the individual bull resistance to the cryopreservation process.


Subject(s)
Cattle , Animals , Cryopreservation/veterinary , Organ Size , Sperm Head , Veterinary Medicine
10.
Rev Gastroenterol Peru ; 27(4): 408-10, 2007.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18183282

ABSTRACT

We report an unusual case of pseudomembranous colitis with fatal outcome where C. difficile and cytomegalovirus coexistense in a Peruvian patient with AIDS and gastrointestinal compromise by a mycobacterium.


Subject(s)
Clostridioides difficile , Cytomegalovirus Infections/complications , Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous/microbiology , Adult , Fatal Outcome , Humans , Male
11.
Rev. cient. (Maracaibo) ; 15(5): 429-436, sep.-oct. 2005. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-503926

ABSTRACT

En el presente estudio se comparó el desempeño de 56 novillas doble propósito que resultaron preñadas luego de la transferencia directa de embriones producidos in vitro cultivados en un medio suplementado con suero o en uno químicamente definido. No se observaron diferencias en las tasas de aborto (30,43% vs 24,24%), distocias (52,17% vs 51,52%) y parto normal (17,39% vs 24,24%) entre las novillas que recibieron embriones cultivados en el medio suplemento con suero y las que recibieron embriones cultivados en el medio químicamente definido. El sexo de la cría afectó significativamente el porcentaje de distocias, 83,33% para machos y 50% para hembras, (P<0,05). El peso al nacimiento de los becerros tampoco se vio afectado (p>0,05) por la suplementación sérica durante el cultivo (46,86 ± 2,04 kg, para los becerros derivados de los embriones cultivados en el medio suplementado con suero y 46,28 ± 1,42 kg, para los derivados de los embriones cultivados en el medio químicamente definido) ni por el sexo de la cría (machos 47,20 ± 1,50 kg y hembras, 45,45 ± 1,84 kg). El peso de los becerros que nacieron muertos o que murieron luego del nacimiento fue significativamente (P< 0,05) mayor (51,92 ± 1,76 kg) al de los becerros que sobrevivieron (43,88 ± 1,22 kg). La sobrevivencia perinatal no se vió afectada ni la suplementación sérica durante el cultivo embrionario, ni por el sexo de los becerros o el nacimiento de un parto distócico. En conclusión, la presencia de suero en el medio de cultivo no afectó el desempeño de las novillas doble propósito que resultaron preñadas luego de la transferencia de embriones producidos in vitro. En este estudio se observó la presencia de becerros con síndrome del recién nacido gigante evidenciado por un alto peso al nacimiento y una alta tasa de abortos y distocias.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Embryonic Structures , In Vitro Techniques , Serum , Bernard-Soulier Syndrome/embryology , Bernard-Soulier Syndrome/veterinary , Venezuela , Veterinary Medicine
12.
Lima; Sociedad Peruana de Adolescencia y Juventud; 2001. 168 p. tab.
Monography in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-323504

ABSTRACT

Contiene: Proyecto de Carta Iberoamericana de Derechos de la Juventud; La juventud como fenómeno social; Ciudadanos jovenes, no jovenes ciudadanos; Derechos, ciudadanía y protagonismo de los jovenes en las políticas de juventud; Adolescencia y juventud en el Perú; Políticas sociales para la adolescencia juventud en el Perú, propuesta de prioridades y estrategias de acción; Institucionalidad pública de las políticas sociales para los adolescentes y jovenes; Trabajo infanto-adolescente, deserción y atraso escolar, una relación compleja


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Female , Adolescent , Employment , Public Policy , Peru
13.
La Paz; 2002. 146 p. ilus.
Thesis in Spanish | LIBOCS, LIBOSP | ID: biblio-1312217

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: con la instalación del sistema EMS se controlará el funcionamiento de los ascensores sociales del hotel Radisson por el personal encargado del edifico, de acuerdo al tráfico y las condiciones de servicio del hotel, mejorando la calidad de servicio de los ascensores y bajando el consumo de energía electrica.

SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...