Agreement between Handheld and Standard Echocardiography for Diagnosis of Latent Rheumatic Heart Disease in Brazilian Schoolchildren from High-Prevalence Settings (Agreement between Screening and Standard Echo for RHD).

Introduction: Handheld echocardiography (echo) is the tool of choice for rheumatic heart disease (RHD) screening. We aimed to assess the agreement between screening and standard echo for latent RHD diagnosis in schoolchildren from an endemic setting. Methods: Over 14 months, 3 nonphysicians used handheld machines and the 2012 WHF Criteria to determine RHD prevalence in consented schoolchildren from Brazilian low-income public schools. Studies were interpreted by telemedicine by 3 experts (Brazil, US). RHD-positive children (borderline/definite) and those with congenital heart disease (CHD) were referred for standard echo, acquired and interpreted by a cardiologist. Agreement between screening and standard echo, by WHF subgroups, was assessed. Results: 1390 students were screened in 6 schools, with 110 (7.9%, 95% CI 6.5-9.5) being screen positive (14 ± 2 years, 72% women). Among 16 cases initially diagnosed as definite RHD, 11 (69%) were confirmed, 4 (25%) reclassified to borderline, and 1 to normal. Among 79 cases flagged as borderline RHD, 19 (24%) were confirmed, 50 (63%) reclassified to normal, 8 (10%) reclassified as definite RHD, and 2 had mild CHD. Considering the 4 diagnostic categories, kappa was 0.18. In patients with borderline RHD reclassified to non-RHD, the most frequent WHF criterion was B (isolated mitral regurgitation, 64%), followed by A (2 mitral valve morphological features, 31%). In 1 patient with definite RHD reclassified to normal, the WHF criterion was D (borderline RHD in aortic and mitral valves). After standard echo, RHD prevalence was 3.2% (95% CI 2.3-4.2). Conclusions: Although practical, RHD screening with handheld devices tends to overestimate prevalence.

Shih-Tzu dogs show alterations in ocular surface homeostasis despite adequate aqueous tear production.

BACKGROUND: Shih-Tzu dogs are frequently affected by ocular surface disorders such as corneal ulceration and dry eye disease (DED). The aim of this study was to evaluate ocular surface homeostasis in Shih-Tzu dogs that have adequate aqueous production. Twenty-eight dogs were subjected to eyelid blink counting, Schirmer tear test (STT-1), ophthalmic evaluation, tear film break-up time (TBUT), fluorescein test and Masmali tear ferning (TF) grading scale. RESULTS: Of the 28 animals evaluated, the median value of incomplete eyelid blinks/min (median = 15.0 blinks/min; Interquartil interval - IQR = 8.7 blinks/min - 19.5 blinks/min) was higher than the complete blinks/min (median = 2.5 blinks/min; IQR = 1.6 blinks/min - 4.3 blinks/min), with statistically significant difference. The Schirmer tear test had a median value of 25.0 mm/min (IQR = 22.7 mm/min - 27.5 mm/min), considered within the normal range for the species. On ophthalmic examination, all dogs had trichiasis of the caruncle and medial lower eyelid entropion. Lagophthalmos was the third most common alteration observed (71.4%; 20/28). The median of TBUT was 4.0 s; (IQR = 3.0 - 6.0 s). All the animals were negative to the fluorescein test and the TFT indicated that the majority of the eyes (51.8%; 29/56) were classified in abnormal grades 3 and 4 according to the Masmali tear ferning (TF) grading scale. CONCLUSIONS: Although the Shith-Tzu dogs had STT-1 values within the normal range for the species there was high prevalence of abnormal TFT grades and low TBUT in all dogs, showing that despite adequate aqueous production, these dogs have poor precorneal tear film quality. In addition, the dogs showed few complete eyelid blinks and ophthalmic alterations, promoting poor tear film diffusion. All these findings, isolated or together, can result in DED.

Diagnostic challenges in hypophosphatasia in adult patients / Desafios do diagnóstico da hipofosfatasia em adultos

Introdução: Hipofosfatasia é um distúrbio metabólico que afeta a mineralização óssea e dentária, causada por mutações no gene ALPL, levando à deficiência enzimática da fosfatase alcalina tecido não-específica. A forma adulta caracteriza-se por fraturas atípicas do fêmur, osteomalácia, osteoporose, grave osteoartropatia, condrocalcinose e artralgia. Objetivo: Demonstrar desafios diagnósticos relacionados à hipofosfatasia através do relato de dois casos. Paciente 1: feminino, 59 anos, encaminhada para avaliação clínica devido às fraturas patológicas de difícil consolidação e osteoporose generalizada de causa genética. Relata perda dentária precoce da arcada superior, fraturas na coluna, em ombro esquerdo e no fêmur. Atualmente, queixa-se de dor crônica intensa, com uso de múltiplos medicamentos. Achados clínicos, laboratoriais e radiológicos foram compatíveis com o diagnóstico de hipofosfatasia. Paciente 2: masculino, 31 anos, filho da paciente 1, encaminhado para avaliação clínica por fratura patológica precoce em fêmur esquerdo e osteoporose não esclarecida. Atualmente relata dor e claudicação importante em membro inferior esquerdo, associado à lombalgia crônica. Confirmação do diagnóstico de hipofosfatasia por exames laboratoriais e radiológicos e sequenciamento do gene ALPL, aliados ao diagnóstico da sua genitora. Discussão: Hipofosfatasia é uma doença rara de herança autossômica dominante e recessiva. Pacientes acometidos apresentam fraturas constantes, densidade mineral óssea baixa, cicatrização óssea deficitária. É comum a hipofosfatasia ser diagnosticada erroneamente como osteopenia e/ou osteoporose primária, acarretando prejuízos ao paciente. Ressalta-se a importância da história clínica completa e dos antecedentes familiares a fim de se obter um diagnóstico precoce, garantindo, por sua vez, o adequado acompanhamento e manejo terapêutico (AU)

Introduction: hypophosphatasia is a metabolic disorder affecting bone and tooth mineralization, caused by mutations in the ALPL gene leading to enzymatic deficiency of tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase. The adult form is characterized by atypical femur fractures, osteomalacia, osteoporosis, severe osteoarthropathy, chondrocalcinosis, and arthralgia. Objective: to demonstrate diagnostic challenges related to hypophosphatasia through the report of two cases. Patient 1: female, 59 years old, referred for clinical evaluation due to pathological fractures of difficult consolidation and generalized osteoporosis of genetic cause. She reports early tooth loss in the upper arch, fractures in the spine, left shoulder and femur. Currently, he complains of severe chronic pain, with use of multiple medications. Clinical, laboratory, and radiological findings were compatible with the diagnosis of hypophosphatasia. Patient 2:male, 31 years old, son of patient 1, referred for clinical evaluation due to an early pathological fracture in the left femur and unclear osteoporosis. He currently reports pain and significant claudication in the left lower limb, associated with chronic low back pain. Confirmation of the diagnosis of hypophasatasia by laboratory and radiological tests and sequencing of the ALPL gene combined with the diagnosis of his mother. Discussion: hypophosphatasia is a rare disease of autosomal dominant and recessive inheritance. Affected patients have constant fractures, low bone mineral density, and impaired bone healing. It is common for hypophosphatasia to be misdiagnosed as osteopenia and/or primary osteoporosis, which can be harmful to the patient. The importance of a complete clinical history and family history is emphasized in order to obtain an early diagnosis, ensuring adequate follow-up and therapeutic management (AU)

Desafios do diagnóstico da hipofosfatasia em adultos / Diagnostic challenges in hypophosphatasia in adult patients

RESUMO:Introdução: Hipofosfatasia é um distúrbio metabólico que afeta a mineralização óssea e dentária, causada por mutações no gene ALPL, levando à deficiência enzimática da fosfatase alcalina tecido não-específica. A forma adulta caracteriza-se por fraturas atípicas do fêmur, osteomalácia, osteoporose, grave osteoartropatia, condrocalcinose e artralgia. Objetivo: Demonstrar desafios diagnósticos relacionados à hipofosfatasia através do relato de dois casos. Paciente 1: feminino, 59 anos, encaminhada para avaliação clínica devido às fraturas patológicas de difícil consolidação e osteoporose generalizada de causa genética. Relata perda dentária precoce da arcada superior, fraturas na coluna, em ombro esquerdo e no fêmur. Atualmente, queixa-se de dor crônica intensa, com uso de múltiplos medicamentos. Achados clínicos, laboratoriais e radiológicos foram compatíveis com o diagnóstico de hipofosfatasia. Paciente 2: masculino, 31 anos, filho da paciente 1, encaminhado para avaliação clínica por fratura patológica precoce em fêmur esquerdo e osteoporose não esclarecida. Atualmente relata dor e claudicação importante em membro inferior esquerdo, associado à lombalgia crônica. Confirmação do diagnóstico de hipofosfatasia por exames laboratoriais e radiológicos e sequenciamento do gene ALPL, aliados ao diagnóstico da sua genitora. Discussão: Hipofosfatasia é uma doença rara de herança autossômica dominante e recessiva. Pacientes acometidos apresentam fraturas constantes, densidade mineral óssea baixa, cicatrização óssea deficitária. É comum a hipofosfatasia ser diagnosticada erroneamente como osteopenia e/ou osteoporose primária, acarretando prejuízos ao paciente. Ressalta-se a importância da história clínica completa e dos antecedentes familiares a fim de se obter um diagnóstico precoce, garantindo, por sua vez, o adequado acompanhamento e manejo terapêutico. (AU)

ABSTRACT: Introduction: hypophosphatasia is a metabolic disorder affecting bone and tooth mineralization, caused by mutations in the ALPL gene leading to enzymatic deficiency of tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase. The adult form is characterized by atypical femur fractures, osteomalacia, osteoporosis, severe osteoarthropathy, chondrocalcinosis, and arthralgia. Objective: to demonstrate diagnostic challenges related to hypophosphatasia through the report of two cases. Patient 1: female, 59 years old, referred for clinical evaluation due to pathological fractures of difficult consolidation and generalized osteoporosis of genetic cause. She reports early tooth loss in the upper arch, fractures in the spine, left shoulder and femur. Currently, he complains of severe chronic pain, with use of multiple medications. Clinical, laboratory, and radiological findings were compatible with the diagnosis of hypophosphatasia. Patient 2:male, 31 years old, son of patient 1, referred for clinical evaluation due to an early pathological fracture in the left femur and unclear osteoporosis. He currently reports pain and significant claudication in the left lower limb, associated with chronic low back pain. Confirmation of the diagnosis of hypophasatasia by laboratory and radiological tests and sequencing of the ALPL gene combined with the diagnosis of his mother. Discussion: hypophosphatasia is a rare disease of autosomal dominant and recessive inheritance. Affected patients have constant fractures, low bone mineral density, and impaired bone healing. It is common for hypophosphatasia to be misdiagnosed as osteopenia and/or primary osteoporosis, which can be harmful to the patient. The importance of a complete clinical history and family history is emphasized in order to obtain an early diagnosis, ensuring adequate follow-up and therapeutic management. (AU)

Protein expression of the tear film of domestic cats before and after inoculation with Toxoplasma gondii.

BACKGROUND: Tear film (TF) helps maintain and protect ocular function against damage to the ocular surface. Proteins are one of its main constituents, whose expression pattern can be used as a biomarker of ocular changes and systemic diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of proteins in the TF of domestic cats before and after infection with Toxoplasma gondii, in the phases of acute infection and chronicity. Twelve healthy cats received orally homogenized brain matter obtained from mice inoculated with T. gondii oocysts, strain ME49. Cat feces were collected daily from the third day after infection to assess the release of oocysts. TF samples were obtained from cats, by Schirmer's Tear Test 1, on day 0 (before infection), day 5 after infection (acute phase of infection, with maximum peak release of oocysts in feces) and on day 21 after infection (start of chronic phase, 7 days after total absence of oocyst release in feces). Tear samples were also submitted to proteomic analysis in a Q-Tof-Premier mass spectrometer. RESULTS: A total of 37 proteins with scores equal to or greater than 100 were identified on D0, followed by 36 on D5 and 42 on D21. Of these, 27 were common to D0 and D5, 33 to D0 and D21, 27 to D5 and D21, and 26 were common to the three groups, totaling 54 proteins. The most abundant proteins were lipocalin allergen Fel d, serum albumin, aldehyde dehydrogenase, lactoperoxidase and lactotransferrin. There was no significant difference in the abundance of proteins found on D0 and D5, but there was a statistical difference between D0 and D21 for ACT1_AEDAE, CERU_HUMAN and GELS_HUMAN. Regarding D5 and D21, there were significant differences for KV1_CANLF, LAC_PIG, TRFL_PIG, ACT1_AEDAE, CERU_HUMAN, GELS_HUMAN and OVOS2_HUMAN. CONCLUSIONS: The main proteins identified in the TF of domestic cats are similar to those found in humans and other animal species. Most are part of the ocular surface defense system against injuries. The most expressed proteins in animals in the chronic phase of T. gondii infection are associated with the immune response to the parasite.

Tear Film Proteome of Healthy Domestic Cats.

The aim of this study was to investigate the proteins found in tear film of healthy domestic cats. Schirmer tear test strips were used to collect tear samples of twelve healthy cats, which were mixed, centrifuged, and placed in a single 1.5 mL microtube that was frozen at -20°C, until analysis by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel and mass spectrometry associated with high-performance liquid chromatography. The resulting spectra were analyzed and compared with the Swiss-Prot search tool. Forty peptides were detected in the analyzed protein fragments of 90 spots, with 16 proteins identified. Of these, the authors confirmed what has been already found in other studies: lactotransferrin, serum albumin, allergenic lipocalins, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin. Others were considered novel in tear film samples of all species: cyclin-dependent protein kinase, serine/arginine repetitive matrix protein, apelin receptor, secretory protein related to C1q/TNF, Wee1, α-1,4 glucan phosphorylase, and WD repeat domain 1. The network was divided into 11 clusters, and a biological function was assigned. Most of the proteins have functions in the defense and maintenance of feline ocular surface homeostasis. Serum albumin is a bottleneck protein, with a high betweenness value. This paper is a pioneer in reporting, in-depth, the tear film proteome of domestic cats.

The use of tear ferning test in cats for evaluation of ocular surface.

BACKGROUND: The tear film is a trilaminar fluid composed mainly of lipids, electrolytes, proteins and water. It is responsible for lubrication, nutrition and protection against microbial and toxic agents. Disruption of any these components may weaken the ocular surface, making it more susceptible to disease. Increasing evidence suggests that qualitative tear film deficiencies are an important predisposing factor or cause of some of the most common and challenging ocular diseases in cats, including conjunctivitis, corneal ulcer, spontaneous chronic corneal epithelial defects (SCCED), pigmentary keratitis, corneal sequestrum and dry eye syndrome. The aim of this study was to describe the tear ferning test in healthy cats and to compare the results by using two grading scales for humans. Tear samples were collected using Schirmer tear test (STT) strips from 60 healthy cats, and, after centrifuging the strips to obtain the samples, the aliquot was placed on clean microscope glass until it dried and the tear ferning patterns were observed under a polarized light microscope and classified according to the Rolando and Masmali grading scales. RESULTS: Ferning patterns in the lower grades showed full crystallization with high density, without gaps between the ferns and branches, forming several nuclei that were easily distinguished. According to the Rolando scale, 50% (60/120), 46.6% (56/120) and 3.4% (4/120) of eyes showed type I, II and III patterns, respectively. According to the Masmali scale, 15% (18/120), 56.6% (68/120 eyes) and 28.4% (34/120) of eyes showed grade 0, 1 and 2 patterns, respectively. No difference was observed between the right and left eyes for both Rolando (P = 0.225) and Masmali (P = 0.683) scales. CONCLUSIONS: The tear ferning test is a qualitative test that can be used in cats as a complementary evaluation of the ocular surface. While the Rolando scale showed an increased prevalence of types I and II, the Masmali scale showed an increased prevalence of grades 1 and 2. This can be attributed to the species-specific differences between human and feline tear film. So Masmali grade 2 can be considered a normal tear pattern for the species, because all the cats used in study were clinically healthy. For this reason, future complementary studies are necessary for comparing healthy eyes and eyes with different ocular surface disease in cats. Both scales can be feasible options for grading tear crystallization in cats, but as Rolando scale included 96.6% of the samples in the 2 types that are considered normal for humans, we think that this scale seemed to be more precise to classify crystallization pattern in cats. The crystallization patterns observed in this study can form the basis for standardizing ocular surface parameters in cats.

Methicillin-resistant and vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus colonizing patients and intensive care unit environment: virulence profile and genetic variability.

This study aims to determine the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus colonizing patients and ICU environment of a teaching hospital, the virulence and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of the isolates, and to evaluate the genetic relationship among them. A total of 536 swabs (134 of patients and 402 of ICU environment) were collected and analyzed to detect S. aureus. The antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates was determined by disk diffusion test, and the detection of the mecA and virulence factors genes was performed by PCR, in addition to SCCmec typing. The genetic similarity of the isolates was determined by PFGE. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in 12.7% of the swabs. The prevalence of colonization was 13.4% in patients and 12.4% in the environmental samples. The multidrug resistance was determined in 82.4% of the isolates. The prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus was 20.6%, with 50.0% classified as SCCmec IV. The intermediate resistance to vancomycin was detected in 5.9% and 4.4% of the isolates obtained from patients and environment, respectively. Identical isolates obtained from different patients and sources were grouped into several clusters. The results showed dissemination of multidrug-resistant strains between patients and fomites and the persistence of MRSA and VISA isolates in the ICU environment.

Comportamento alimentar de crianças e adolescentes autistas atendidas em um centro integrado de educação especial / Eating behavior of autistic children and teens answered in a special education center integrated

Objetivo: relatar a experiência vivenciada diante da observação do comportamento alimentar do autista em um Centro Integrado de Educação Especial da cidade de Teresina, Piauí. O Transtorno de Espectro Autista é uma disfunção caracterizada por falhas no desenvolvimento social e intelectual, afetando o comportamento e repercutindo no convívio social e linguagem. Metodologia: trata-se de um relato de experiência vivenciada por profissionais de saúde diante da observação de tal comportamento durante o lanche no período de janeiro a outubro de 2014. Resultados: no cotidiano de trabalho, na hora do lanche, observam-se as mais variadas reações como recusa ou preferência por certa cor, cheiro, consistência e textura. Resistência a sentar à mesa para comer com outras pessoas, entrar no refeitório e aceitar preparações novas. Conclusão: o Autismo é uma síndrome que compromete todo o desenvolvimento da criança e adolescente, e por esse motivo necessita de uma atenção especial do poder público, profissionais da saúde, familiares e demais pessoas envolvidas.

Objective: report on the lived experience of observing the feeding behavior of autistic in an Integrated Centre for Special Education of the city of Teresina, Piauí. Autistic Spectrum Disorder is a disorder characterized by failures in the social and intellectual development, affecting the behavior and impacting the social interaction and language. Methodology: this is a report of an experience lived by health professionals on the observation of such behavior during the lunch period from January to October 2014. Results: in daily work, at lunchtime, we observe the most varied reactions as denial or preference for a certain color, smell, consistency and texture. Resistance to sit at the table to eat with other people, enter the cafeteria and accept new preparations. Conclusion: autism is a syndrome that affects the whole development of the child and adolescent, and therefore needs special attention from the government, health professionals, relatives and other people involved.

Saúde mental dos enfermeiros da unidade de terapia intensiva de um hospital de ensino / Mental health of nurses of the intensive care unit of a teaching hospital / Salud mental de enfermeras de la unidad de cuidados intensivos de un hospital de enseñanza

Objetivos: descrever os fatores que podem interferir na saúde mental do enfermeiro na unidade de terapia intensiva e discutir como a prática do cuidar interfere na saúde mental do enfermeiro. Método: estudo descritivo de abordagem quantiqualitativa realizado com 12 enfermeiros que trabalham nas Unidades de Terapia Intensiva de um hospital de ensino de Teresina, Piauí no período de janeiro a fevereiro de 2012. Foi utilizada a técnica de entrevista semiestruturada, guiada por um roteiro semiestruturado. A análise foi pela Técnica de Análise de discurso. O projeto foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, CAAE 0166.0.045.000-10. Resultados: os enfermeiros demonstraram que vários fatores do âmbito laboral podem interferir na sua saúde tais como irritabilidade, cansaço, estresse, ansiedade, desânimo, baixo salário e outros. Conclusão: os enfermeiros intensivistas vivenciam na sua rotina muitas situações que podem gerar estresse, repercutindo negativamente em sua saúde física e mental.(AU)

Objectives: describing the factors that can interfere with the mental health of nurses in the Intensive Care Unit and discussing how care practice interferes with the mental health of nurses. Method: a descriptive study of a quantitative and a qualitative approach carried out with 12 nurses who work in Intensive Care Units of a teaching hospital of Teresina, Piaui, in the period from January to February 2012. There was used a semistructured interview technique, guided by a semi-structured script. The analysis was by Speech Analysis technique. The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee, CAAE: 0166.0.045.000-10. Results: the nurses showed that several factors of the technical scope can interfere with your health, such as: irritability, fatigue, stress, anxiety, discouragement, low income and others. Conclusion: the intensive care nurses experience in their routine many situations that can cause stress, impacting negatively on their physical and mental health.(AU)

Objetivos: describir los factores que pueden interferir con la salud mental de la enfermera en la unidad de cuidados intensivos y discutir cómo la práctica de atención interfiere con la salud mental de las enfermeras. Método: un estudio descriptivo de enfoque cuantitativo y cualitativo realizado con 12 enfermeras que trabajan en Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos de un hospital de enseñanza de Teresina, Piaui, en el período de enero a febrero de 2012. Se utilizó una técnica de entrevista semi-estructurada, con un guión semiestructurado. El análisis se realizó mediante la Técnica de Análisis del discurso. El proyecto fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética en la Investigación, CAAE: 0166.0.045.000-10. Resultados: las enfermeras mostraron que varios factores de ámbito laboral que pueden interferir con su salud, como la irritabilidad, la fatiga, el estrés, la ansiedad, el desánimo, los bajos ingresos y otros. Conclusión: las enfermeras de cuidados intensivos experiencian en su rutina muchas situaciones que pueden causar estrés, impactando negativamente en su salud física y mental.(AU)

O significado do uso e abuso de drogas ilícitas para presidiárias / The meaning of the use and abuse of illicit drugs for women prisoners / El significado del uso y abuso de drogas ilícitas para prisioneiros

Objetivo: descrever os motivos que incitam o consumo de drogas e os significados do uso para presidiárias. Método: estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa desenvolvido na Penitenciária Feminina de Teresina-PI, com 18 detentas. Os dados foram produzidos a partir de entrevistas gravadas com roteiro de semiestrurado, em seguida submetidos à Técnica de Análise de Conteúdo. O projeto de pesquisa teve a aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, CAAE no 0164.0.045.000-10. Resultados: o consumo de drogas afeta a saúde física e mental do usuário. Cerca de 230 milhões de pessoas usaram algum tipo de droga em 2010. Vale destacar que o consumo entre as mulheres se torna cada vez mais presente entre elas. Ao analisar os dados formularam-se quatro categorias: desajustes familiares; motivos que levaram ao uso; prejuízos à saúde e expectativas quanto ao abandono das drogas. Conclusão: é fundamental que os profissionais de saúde foquem em ações de reabilitação e preventivas ao uso de drogas.(AU)

Objective: describing the reasons that encourage the consumption of drugs and the meanings of the use for women prisoners. Method: a descriptive study with a qualitative approach developed at the Women's Penitentiary in Teresina-PI, with 18 inmates. The data were produced from recorded interviews with semistructured script, and then subjected to Content Analysis Technique. The research project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee, CAAE n o 0164.0.045.000-10. Results: drug use affects the physical and mental health of the user. About 230 million people used some type of drugs in 2010. It is worth noting that the consumption among women is becoming more present among them. By analyzing the data there were formulated four categories: family instabilities; reasons leading to such use; health hazards and expectations to abandon the drugs. Conclusion: it is essential that health professionals focus on rehabilitation and preventive actions to drug use.(AU)

Objetivo: describir las razones que alientan el consumo de drogas y los significados de su uso para las encarceradas. Método: un estudio descriptivo con enfoque cualitativo desarrollado en la Penitenciaría de Mujeres de Teresina-PI, con 18 reclusas. Los datos fueron producidos a partir de entrevistas grabadas con guión semiestrurado, después se sometieron a la Técnica de Análisis de Contenido. El proyecto de investigación fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética en la Investigación, CAAE n o 0164.0.045.000-10. Resultados: el consumo de drogas afecta a la salud física y mental del usuario. Alrededor de 230 millones de personas usaron algún tipo de droga en 2010. Vale la pena señalar que el consumo entre las mujeres es cada vez más presente entre ellas. Mediante el análisis de los datos fueron formuladas cuatro categorías: la inadaptación familiar; razones que conducieron a tal uso; peligros para la salud y las expectativas a abandonar la droga. Conclusión: es esencial que los profesionales de la salud se centren en acciones de rehabilitación y de prevención al uso de drogas.(AU)

Cuidados de enfermagem em saúde mental: relato de experiência em um serviço especializado / Nursing care in mental health: experience report in a specialized service / Cuidados de enfermería en salud mental: informe de experiencia en un servicio especializado

Objetivo: relatar a experiência acerca da assistência de enfermagem prestada a um paciente com transtorno mental e abuso de drogas em um serviço de saúde mental especializado. Método: trata-se de um relato de experiência desenvolvido em um serviço especializado de saúde mental, a partir do cuidado a um paciente com esquizofrenia e abuso de drogas. Resultados: o consumo de drogas, além de causar prejuízos sociais, também afeta a saúde física e mental do usuário, podendo este desenvolver transtornos mentais, incluindo doenças como depressão, esquizofrenia, perturbações por abuso de álcool e drogas, epilepsia, Alzheimer, suicídio, entre outros transtornos. Conclusão: há relação muito forte entre a morbidade psiquiátrica e o abuso de álcool e conhecer como é o ambiente de internação psiquiátrica. Estes mostraram ser necessário maior empenho por parte dos familiares, profissionais e instituições.(AU)

Objective: reporting the experience about nursing care provided to a patient with a mental disorder and drug abuse in a specialized mental health service. Method: it is an experience report developed in a specialized mental health service, from care to a patient with schizophrenia and drug abuse. Results: drug use, in addition to causing social losses, also affects the physical and mental health of the user, who may develop mental disorders, including diseases such as: depression, schizophrenia, disturbances by alcohol and drug abuse, epilepsy, Alzheimer's, suicide, among other disorders. Conclusion: there is strong relationship between psychiatric morbidity and alcohol abuse and know how the psychiatric hospital environment is. These showed be necessary greater commitment on the part of family members, professionals and institutions.(AU)

Objetivo: reportar la experiencia en la atención de enfermería proporcionada a un paciente con trastorno mental y abuso de drogas en un servicio especializado de salud mental. Método: se trata de un relato de experiencia desarrollado en un servicio especializado de salud mental, de la atención a un paciente con esquizofrenia y la drogadicción. Resultados: el consumo de drogas, además de causar pérdidas sociales, también afecta la salud física y mental del usuario, lo que puede desarrollar trastornos mentales, incluyendo enfermedades como la depresión, la esquizofrenia, problemas por el abuso de alcohol y drogas, la epilepsia, la enfermedad de Alzheimer, el suicidio y otros trastornos. Conclusión: existe una fuerte relación entre la morbilidad psiquiátrica y el abuso de alcohol y saber cómo es el ambiente hospitalario psiquiátrico. Estos mostraron ser necesario más compromiso por parte de los familiares, profesionales e instituciones.(AU)