[Medical gels for ultrasonographic diagnosis, therapy and electrocardiography]. / Meditsinskie geli dlia ultrazvukovoi diagnostiki, terapii i élektrokardiografii.

The All-Russian Research Institute of Medical Polymers has designed the medical gels REPAC, DIAGEL, for ultrasound diagnosis, REPAC-T for ultrasound therapy, ELCON and ELCARD for electrocardiography. REPAC, DIAGEL, and REPAC-T have the least sound damping factor (approximately 10(-3) dB/cm) as compared to other similar gels. REPAC and DIAGEL showed a good performance when they were applied in clinical practice during a year. REPAC-T is the gel that can be used both for ultrasound studies and for ultrasound therapy. Unlike REPAC, it has a longer drying-out time, ensuring a 100% contact between the patient's body and the transducer up to 20 minutes. Other gels have been designed for long-term ECG monitoring, bicycle ergometry, etc. ELCARD and ELCON have conductivities of 0.4-0.6 and 0.6-0.9 ohm/m, respectively.

[Determination of the sorption properties of microplates for immunoenzyme analysis]. / Otsenka sorbtsionnykh svoistv mikroplanshetov dlia immunofermentnogo analiza.

The authors have examined the possibility of using horse radish peroxidase for assessment of the sorption characteristics of microplates for enzyme immunoassay; the results obtained by the technique modified by the authors and by one of the routine methods (the direct method) were in high correlation. Sorption capacities and homogeneity of the plates manufactured in Leningrad and abroad were compared; the plates made in this country were found inferior to foreign ones in respect of both parameters almost twofold. Sorption capacity of the microplates may be improved by gamma-irradiation; the optimal irradiation dose was defined: 1.5 mrad.

Structure and transport properties of the Ultracell membrane for hemodialysis.

Particular features of structure and transport properties of a new Soviet-made hydrate cellulose membrane Ultracell have been studied. The membrane has a structure of a swollen gel with well defined macropores that ensures high effectiveness in convectional transport of substances across the membrane. In view of the above the Ultracell membrane may be used both for conventional hemodialysis and also for hemodialysis with simultaneous or consecutive ultrafiltration aimed at removing the excessive water and metabolites with middle molecular weight.

[Comparative evaluation of cuprophane and cellophane used as membranes for hemodialysis]. / Sravnitel'naia otsenka kuprofana i tsellofana, ispol'zuemykh v kachestve membran dlia gemodializa

Investigations into the structure, mechanical properties and permeability of the Soviet-made cellophane, cellulose film No 100 and cuprophane have shown the Soviet-made cellophane membrane to be inferior to cuprophane with regard to the strength and permeability of low-molecular metabolites. High strength properties of the cellulose film No 100 go with a much more lower permeability than in the case of cuprophane and cellophane. Sterilization with gamma-irradiation does not have any material effect on the physico-mechanical and functional characteristics of the membranes. Ways and means for improving the strength and permeability of the hydrate-cellulose membranes are outlined.