ABSTRACT
The endocrine pancreas of the toad consists of rounded islets of various sizes embedded in the exocrine tissue. Isolated cells are also present. At least 4 types of endocrine cell are distinguishable by shape, size and electrondensity of the secretory granules as well as by their immunoreactivity with different antisera: insulin, somatostatin, pancreatic polypeptide, and glucagon cells. Insulin cells can be divided into 2 types according to their cytoplasmic electrondensity. Colocalisation of different hormones in the same cell is rarely observed. The close contact between endocrine and exocrine cells and the scarcity of nerve supply is indicative of a paracrine control of hormone secretion.
Subject(s)
Bufo bufo/anatomy & histology , Islets of Langerhans/cytology , Animals , Female , Glucagon/analysis , Insulin/analysis , Islets of Langerhans/chemistry , Islets of Langerhans/ultrastructure , Male , Microscopy, Immunoelectron , Pancreas/chemistry , Pancreas/cytology , Pancreas/ultrastructure , Pancreatic Polypeptide/analysis , Somatostatin/analysisABSTRACT
Experience with chronic intermittent peritoneal dialysis is reviewed to focus on automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) regimens, adequacy and indications. From 1969 to 1990, 74 ESRD patients were treated: 59 patients with Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis (IPD: 30-40 l x 3/week) and fifteen patients with hour Daily Peritoneal Dialysis (DPD: 25 l x 6 nights/week). Fourty-four patients were regularly treated with IPD. Of these 33 were adequately dialysed, maintaining residual renal function, whilst oligo-anuric patients developed underdialysis. DPD patients were adequately dialysed, having satisfactory peritoneal clearances. Peritonitis rate was 1/19.2 pt months in IPD patients and 1/13.4 pt months in DPD patients. Technique survival was 78% at the end of the first year, and 52% the second year. IPD is adequate only for low body weight patients with residual renal function. In-hospital IPD must be taken into account only for patients unable to perform dialysis without partner assistance. Home DPD, like CCPD and NPD, is generally adequate and yields fairly good quality of life, but the cost is high, probably because of limited ADP diffusion. Prescription must be therefore restricted to patients unable to perform dialysis with working partners, workers who cannot cope with CAPD exchanges, and CAPD failures.
Subject(s)
Peritoneal Dialysis , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
A young woman presented with nephrotic syndrome due to membranous nephropathy and a localized form of giant lymph node hyperplasia (Castleman's disease) occurring as a large intra-abdominal mass. Five months after surgical removal of the mass, only mild proteinuria persisted. Twenty months later a second kidney biopsy showed a near-normal morphology. Six years later the patient was free of symptoms and had normal urinalysis. Reviewing the pertinent literature, it seems to be the first case of a biopsy-proven cure of membranous nephropathy in a patient with membranous nephropathy and Castleman's disease.
