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1.
Br J Dermatol ; 162(1): 91-101, 2010 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19785596

ABSTRACT

Background Lupus erythematosus (LE) is a chronic, autoimmune disease resulting from an interaction of genetic, environmental and hormonal factors and characterized by a spectrum of clinical forms with variable evolution from a localized cutaneous form to a life-threatening systemic form. Objective To analyse and compare the prevalence and characteristics of the main clinical and immunological manifestations of subacute cutaneous LE (SCLE) and chronic CLE (CCLE). Methods A total of 270 patients with CLE (112 patients with SCLE and 158 patients with CCLE) were studied retrospectively. The clinical and serological characteristics of all the patients were collected in a chart review. Results The patients with SCLE had a higher prevalence of annular and papulosquamous lesions, Raynaud phenomenon, mucous membrane ulcers, malar rashes, photosensitivity, vasculitis and a lower frequency of discoid lesions and alopecia compared with patients with CCLE. Patients with SCLE had a higher prevalence of arthralgias (P < 0.001), xerophthalmia (P = 0.045), arthritis (P < 0.001), nephropathy (P = 0.003) and systemic LE (SLE) (P < 0.001) compared with patients with CCLE. Patients with SCLE also had a higher frequency of laboratory and serological abnormalities than patients with CCLE. Generalized discoid LE (DLE) was associated with a higher prevalence of photosensitivity (P < 0.001), panniculitis (P = 0.009) and SLE (P = 0.003) than localized DLE. In patients with SCLE and those with CCLE, photosensitivity, arthralgias, arthritis, nephropathy and xerophthalmia were associated with SLE. In patients with SCLE, significant correlations existed between clinical and immunological data. Conclusions In our series, differences in the expression of CCLE and SCLE were found with respect to the distribution and type of lesions, systemic features and immunological findings.


Subject(s)
Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous , Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Alopecia/epidemiology , Arthralgia/epidemiology , Arthritis/epidemiology , Autoantibodies/immunology , Blood Sedimentation , Child , Female , Humans , Kidney Diseases/epidemiology , Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous/complications , Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous/immunology , Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous/pathology , Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid/complications , Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid/immunology , Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid/pathology , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/epidemiology , Male , Middle Aged , Panniculitis/epidemiology , Photosensitivity Disorders/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Rheumatoid Factor/analysis , Vasculitis/epidemiology , Xerophthalmia/epidemiology , Young Adult
2.
Clin Exp Dermatol ; 35(7): 729-35, 2010 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20015282

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Numerous studies involving systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have attempted to identify gender differences in patients with lupus erythematosus (LE). However, few reports on cutaneous lupus erythematous (CLE) have identified gender differences. AIM: To analyse and compare the prevalence and characteristics of the main clinical and immunological features of male and female patients with CLE. METHODS: The medical records of 103 (33.4%) male and 205 (66.6%) female patients with CLE who were treated as inpatients or outpatients between January 1985 and December 2000 were retrospectively studied. All patients were reviewed in detail stratified by a predefined protocol. RESULTS: Female patients had a higher prevalence of Raynaud's phenomenon (P < 0.01), chilblain lupus (P = 0.005), arthralgias (P = 0.001) and SLE (P < 0.01). Female patients were also more likely to have an increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (P < 0.005), higher levels of antinuclear antibodies (P < 0.001) and decreased levels of C3 (P < 0.001), C4 (P < 0.01) and CH50 (P < 0.01). There was a higher prevalence of clinical and laboratory abnormalities in female patients who had both SLE and CLE than in male patients with both conditions. Conclusions. In our series, differences in the expression of CLE existed between male and female patients with respect to the type of lesions, systemic features, and immunological findings.


Subject(s)
Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous/complications , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Antibodies, Antinuclear/blood , Arthralgia/etiology , Blood Sedimentation , Chilblains/etiology , Child , Child, Preschool , Complement System Proteins/analysis , Female , Humans , Infant , Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous/immunology , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications , Male , Middle Aged , Raynaud Disease/etiology , Retrospective Studies , Sex Factors , Young Adult
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