ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Verify which test, Glitttre-ADL test (TGlittre) or six-minute walk test (6MWT), better predicts balance, fear, and risk of falling in middle-aged and older adults. METHOD: Twenty-eight individuals (15 women) completed the study protocol, which included: anthropometric assessment, spirometry, Falls Efficacy Scale-International-Brazil (FES-I-Brazil), Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC), Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), Berg Balance Scale (BBS), TGlittre, and 6MWT. The Shapiro Wilk test investigated the distribution of the data. To verify if there was a correlation between the performance in TGlittre and 6MWT and the balance, fear, and risk of falling variables, the Pearson or Spearman correlation coefficient were used. Simple linear regression and stepwise multiple linear regression were conducted to identify which functional capacity test better predicts balance, fear, and risk of falling. RESULTS: Both TGlittre and 6MWT correlated (r = 0.44, p = .02 and r = -0.59, p = .003, respectively) and were able to predict the TUG (R2 = 0.17 and R2 = 0.26, p < .005, respectively). However, when analyzed in a multiple regression model, the 6MWT was better predictor of TUG (26%). Only TGlittre correlated (r = 0.39 and r = -0.38, p = .04) and was able to predict the FES-I-Brazil and BBS scores (17%), suggesting that TGlittre better reflects the worry about falls and balance in multiple ADL contexts. CONCLUSIONS: The 6MWT and the TGlittre are able to predict balance assessed by the TUG. However, the 6MWT has proved to be more effective in predicting TUG results.
Subject(s)
Fear , Postural Balance , Middle Aged , Humans , Female , Aged , Healthy Volunteers , Time and Motion StudiesABSTRACT
Objective: To compare the performance of the Six-Minute Walk Test on 20-meter (6MWT20) and 30-meter (6MWT30) tracks and to test the validity and reliability of the 6MWT20 in middle-aged and older adults.Method: The subjects underwent lung function assessment and performed the 6MWT30 and 6MWT20. Student´s t-tests or Wilcoxon tests were used to compare the variables. The Pearson or Spearman correlation coefficients were used to evaluate the validity of the 6MWT20 and the reliability of the 6MWT20. The 6MWT30 was tested by the two-way mixed model of the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC 3,1).Results: Twenty-five subjects (age: 60 ± 10 years) walked, on average, 11.0 ± 21.9 m more in the 6MWT30 than in the 6MWT20 (p < .05). The walking distance, the number of steps, the energy expenditure and the movement intensity between the 6MWT20 and 6MWT30 was correlated (r = 0.95; r = 0.81; r = 0.91; r = 0.67; respectively, p < .001). The walking distances showed high reliability and were similar between test and re-test in the 6MWT30 (544 ± 72.1 vs. 551 ± 70.5; p < .05; ICC = 0.97) and in the 6MWT20 (533 ± 73.1 vs. 532 ± 59.1; p < .05; ICC = 0.87).Conclusion: The 6MWT20 performance is lower than the 6MWT30 However, this difference is not clinically relevant. Additionally, the 6MWT20 is a valid and reproducible test to assess the functional capacity of middle-aged and older adults.
Subject(s)
Walk Test/methods , Walk Test/standards , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Reproducibility of ResultsABSTRACT
Introdução: dentre os problemas secundários ao acidente vascularencefálico (AVE) está presente a espasticidade que pode ser de finida como a exacerbação dos reflexos profundos decorrente da hiperexcitabilidade do reflexo do estiramento pelo aumento da velocidade de tônus muscular. A crioterapia e o calor são recursos terapêuticos que possuem efeitos fisiológicos que podem favorecem a diminuição da espasticidade. Objetivo: avaliar recursos térmicos da crioterapia e do calor superficial na redução da espasticidade em pacientes com sequela de AVE. Método: foram randomizados 36 pacientes que realizaram uma de duas intervenções: grupo CRIO (n=17) consistiu da aplicação de compressas de gelo de 1,5 kg, sob a forma de pacotes, no músculo espástico, durante 25 minutos e; grupo IV (n=19) consistiu da realização de calor superficial por aplicação de radiação de lâmpada infravermelha utilizando-se uma distância de 45 centímetros, durante 25 minutos, na região espástica. Resultados e Discussão: Os resultados mostraram diferenças estatísticas significativas entre a aplicação pré e pós (p<0,001) nas ADM ativa e passiva. No entanto, em relação à comparação entre os recursos, não houve diferença estatística significativa entre acrioterapia e o calor, p=0,427, ADM ativa e p=0,09, ADM passiva. Conclusão: ambas as técnicas terapêuticas empregadas (calor e frio) tiveram eficácia no tratamento da espasticidade em pacientes com sequela de AVE, não havendo predominância dos efeitos fisiológicos entre os recursos terapêuticos.
Introduction: spasticity can be defined as an exacerbation of deep reflections resulting from hyper excitability of the stretch reflex muscle tone by the increase of speed. The thermotherapy and cryotherapy are therapeutic resources that have physiological effects that may decrease spasticity. Objective: this study aimed to evaluate thermal resources of cryotherapy and superficial heat in reducing spasticity in stroke sequela patients. Method: 36 patients were randomized allocated in two groups: CRYO group (n = 17) consisted of the application of ice packs of 1.5 kg, on spastic muscle, for 25 minutes; IV group (n = 19) consisted of performing surface heat by infrared radiation lamp application using a distance of 45 centimeters for 25 minutes in spastic region. Results and Discussion: the results showed statistically significant differences between pre and post application (p<0.001) in the active and passive ROM. However, regarding the comparison between the resources, there was no statistically significant difference between cryotherapy and thermotherapy, p = 0.427, ADM active and p = 0.09, passive ROM. Conclusion: both employed therapeutic techniques (heat and cold) had efficacy in the treatment of spasticity in patients with stroke sequela, with no predominance of the physiological effects of the therapeutic resources.
