[Radiographic criteria of differential diagnosis of hereditary tubulopathies in children]. / Rentgenologicheskie kriterii differentsial'noi diagnostiki nasledstvennykh tubulopatii u detei.

In search for x-ray signs of skeletal involvement specific for each type of hereditary tubulopathies, the authors analyze the results of clinical and x-ray examinations of 144 children aged 2 to 16. Vitamin D-resistant rickets which was diagnosed in 83 children was found to be characterized by varus deformations of the lower limb bones, by systemic osteoporosis of various degrees with hypertrophy of the osseous beams in the epimetaphyseal compartments and accelerated bone age. In renal tubular acidosis diagnosed in 28 children the most typical findings were valgus deformation of the lower limb bones, an appreciable deceleration of bone age, systemic osteoporosis with thinning of osseous beams, the degree of bone deformation being the minimal or moderate. In 20 children with the de Toni-Debre--Fanconi disease the most frequent finding were valgus deformations of the lower limb bones, osteoporosis with drastic thinning of osseous beams unrelated to the degree of deformations and deceleration of bone age. Vitamin D-dependent rickets diagnosed in 13 children was characterized by varus deformations of the lower limb bones, hypertrophic osteoporosis, and normal parameters of bone age. Hence, our study demonstrated the possibility and high reliability of x-ray differential diagnosis of various forms of hereditary tubulopathies in children.

[Comparative study of drug and dietary correction of dyslipoproteinemias among the population]. / Sravnitel'noe izuchenie medikamentoznoi i dieticheskoi korrektsii dislipoproteidemii v populiatsii.

A comparative study of diet and drug correction of dyslipoproteinemias in individuals with stable hypercholesterolemia showed that following a month of diet treatment of groups selected for the therapy with probucol and ascorbic acid there was a clear-cut decrease in the level of plasma cholesterol. The administration of probucol in combination with the diet therapy decreased cholesterol by 33.6%, triglycerides by 32.8% and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) by 19.7% as compared with the baseline values. Ascorbic acid showed virtually no effect on the lipid spectrum of the blood. Throughout the entire period of treatment, the patients in these groups showed a reduction in the body weight and blood pressure. In the group receiving only drug therapy, probucol use was associated with a statistically significant decrease in both total cholesterol and HDLC, with the HDLC/cholesterol ratio remaining almost unaltered while in the group receiving diet and probucol, the proportion of HDLC with regard to total cholesterol was elevated as against the initial values. The body weight in this group of patients remained actually unaltered.

[Nutrition and the incidence of ischemic heart disease]. / Pitanie i rasprostranennost' ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa.

The analysis of the correlation between diet and coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence in 40-59 year-old men from one of the Moscow districts has demonstrated dietary differences between subjects with and without CHD. Food and calories consumption reduces with age, however this is accompanied by an obvious increase in body weight and CHD incidence. Besides energy disturbance, consumption of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids also reduces with age. Patients with CHD show energy disturbance and lower, as compared to persons without CHD, consumption of polyunsaturated fatty acids.