ABSTRACT
The Laboratory of Dutch Pharmacists determines LVP particulate matter contamination of LVPs produced in Dutch hospital pharmacies. The investigated LVPs must conform to the NVZA/LNA criteria, which prescribes eight samples and sets limits for particles > or = 2 microns, > or = 5 microns, > or = 10 microns, and > or = 25 microns for both mean and mean + 2x standard deviation. LVPs produced in 500 mL glass containers or plastic containers mostly met the NVZA/LNA criteria, but LVPs produced in 100 mL glass containers showed higher levels of particulate matter contamination. The composition of the LVP significantly affected the extent of particulate matter contamination, but the effect was relatively small when compared to the influence of the type of container. LVPs produced in Dutch hospital pharmacies and LVPs obtained from pharmaceutical industries showed comparable amounts of particulate matter contamination.
Subject(s)
Drug Contamination , Pharmaceutical Solutions/standards , Pharmacies/standards , Infusions, Parenteral , Netherlands , Particle Size , Pharmacy Service, Hospital , SolutionsABSTRACT
Reproducible particle counting using the light-obscuration technique is often troublesome because no absolute standard is available. Therefore, at the Laboratory of Dutch Pharmacists the "calibration-in-time" method was developed. This method enables checking of the amount of particles counted from a diluted latex suspension as a function of time. A particularity of the method is the one-step dilution procedure. The calibration-in-time method is compared with the particle-counting accuracy test according to the USP < 788 >. Advantages and disadvantages of both methods are discussed.
