[Neuromediator systems in the mechanisms of remission and recurrence in alcoholism]. / Neiromediatornye sistemy v mekhanizmakh remissii i retsidiva pri alkogolizme.

Experiments on chronically alcoholic rats have revealed profound changes in the properties of the brain dopamine, serotonin, GABA and opiate systems 48 hours and 2 months of alcohol deprivation. With this, a single administration of ethanol showed its increased sensitivity of striatal and hippocampal receptors both during short- and long-term alcohol deprivation, the properties of these receptors tended towards recovery. It may be suggested that the above changes in the receptor apparatus of the neurotransmitter systems underlie the mechanism of remission and recurrence in alcoholism.

[Effect of active immunization with dopamine- and norepinephrine-protein conjugated on neurochemical and neurophysiologic parameters of withdrawal syndrome in chronically morphine-treated rats]. / Vliianie aktivnoi immunizatsii kon"iugatami dofamina i noradrenalina s belkom na neirokhimicheskie i neirofiziologicheskie pokazateli sindroma otmeny u khronicheski morfinizirovannykh krys.

The impact of induction of antibodies to the catecholamines (CA) dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE) during active immunization of rats with CA conjugated to protein (BSA) on morphine dependence, withdrawal syndrome, and neurotransmitter status was studied during 14-day morphine treatment. DA-BSA and NE-BSA immunization of rats provided lower plasma DA concentrations in naloxone-precipitated opiate withdrawal. However, it failed to lead to normalization of hypothalamic DA levels and exacerbated the withdrawal syndrome. In immunized rats, including those immunized with BSA, the hypothalamic levels of DA and epinephrine (E) were even higher than in morphine-treated rats previously unimmunized. The aggravation of withdrawal symptoms was especially pronounced in rats preimmunized with NE-BSA, which could be due to a significant NE rise in the brain tissue.

[Induction of autoantibodies to serotonin and catecholamines in chronically morphine addicted rats with manifestations of abstinence syndrome]. / Induktsiia autoantitel k serotoninu i katekholaminam u khronicheski morfinizirovannykh krys s proiavleniem abstinentnogo sindroma.

The possibility of formation of autoantibodies to neurotransmitters has been studied in experimental model of opiate addiction. Chronic treatment of rats with morphine that leads to formation of dependence, causes induction of antibodies to norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin. The latter could be considered as indicators of impaired neurotransmitter metabolism. Induction of autoantibodies to neurotransmitters could be a sort of defence mechanism in opiate addiction.

[Antibody formation to morphine and neuromediators in morphinized rats]. / Obrazovanie antitel k morfinu i neiromediatoram u morfinizizrovannykh krys.

The paper demonstrates induction of antibodies to morphine and neurotransmitters (dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin) in rats treated with intraperitoneal injections of morphine hydrochloride during 2 and 4 weeks in increasing doses. A contribution of such antibodies to the mechanisms of morphine tolerance and formation of physical dependence is considered.

[The neurochemical mechanisms underlying possible recurrences of alcoholism]. / Izuchenie nekotorykh nerokhimicheskikh mekhanizmov, lezhashchikh v osnove vozmozhnykh retsidivov alkogolizma.

Experiments on chronic alcoholized rats revealed the similar changes in brain dopamine receptors, in brain and blood catecholamines as well as in blood cyclic adenosine monophosphate during both short- and long-term alcohol deprivation. It is concluded that such changes may form material basis for alcoholism relapses.

[Possibilities of using neurotropic agents for preventing the development of aphthous stomatitis]. / Vozmozhnosti primeneniia neirotropnykh sredstv dlia predotvrashcheniia razvitiia aftoznykh stomatitov.

Aphthous lesions of the oral mucosa were simulated in dogs by common bile duct ligation. In one of the experimental groups, the animals were administered the beta-adrenoblocker obsidan 30 min before operation. Two hours after operation the regions of the oral mucosa mostly affected by aphthous lesions were examined for the content of adrenaline and noradrenaline (NA). The data obtained indicate a significant increase in the content of NA and adrenaline in the oral mucosa 2 h following operation. In animals pretreated with obsidan, the content of catecholamines remained at the level seen in the control group. Therefore, blocking the transmission of nerve impulses to the sympathetic nervous system obsidan interferes with the reflex influence from the involved organs of the abdominal cavity, thereby protecting the oral mucosa tissues from the damage-inducing action of high concentrations of NA.

[Vasoactive hormones and mediators in the mechanism of the development of an aphthous process in the oral mucosa]. / Vazoaktivnye gormony i mediatory v mekhanizmakh razvitiia aftoznogo protsessa na slizistoi obolochke polosti rta.

Experiments on dogs were made to simulate aphthous process on the oral mucosa by occlusion of the common bile duct. The content of adrenaline, noradrenaline, serotonin, histamine and ascorbic acid was measured during the development of pathological process in the areas of oral mucosa tissue characterized by most frequent appearance of aphthas and in the tissue of the duodenal, small and large intestine mucosa. The magnitude of the characteristics indicated was determined 2, 6 and 12 h and 1, 3, 7 and 10 days after operation. Aphthas appeared on the 3d day. Within the first hours of the experiment there was a considerable increase in the content of noradrenaline, adrenaline and serotonin in the oral mucosa accompanied by a reduction in the histamine and ascorbic acid content. In the intestinal mucosa, shifts in the correlations between the hormones and transmitters were less pronounced. During aphthas appearance, the histamine content rose whereas other parameters decreased. The period of the reverse development was characterized by the recovery of the correlations of the hormones under study and transmitters.