Treatment of Leaks Following Sleeve Gastrectomy by Endoscopic Internal Drainage (EID).

BACKGROUND: Leaks are considered one of the major complications of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) with a reported rate up to 7 %. Drainage of the collection coupled with SEMS deployment is the most frequent treatment. Its success is variable and burdened by high morbidity and not irrelevant mortality. The aim of this paper is to suggest and establish a new approach by endoscopic internal drainage (EID) for the management of leaks. METHODS: Since March 2013, 67 patients presenting leak following LSG were treated with deployment of double pigtail plastic stents across orifice leak, positioning one end inside the collection and the other end in remnant stomach. The aim of EID is to internally drain the collection and at the same time promote leak healing. RESULTS: Double pigtails stent were successfully delivered in 66 out of 67 patients (98.5 %). Fifty patients were cured by EID after a mean time of 57.5 days and an average of 3.14 endoscopic sessions. Two died for event not related to EID. Nine are still under treatment; five failure had been registered. Six patients developed late stenosis treated endoscopically. CONCLUSIONS: EID proved to be a valid, curative, and safe mini-invasive approach for treatment of leaks following SG. EID achieves complete drainage of perigastric collections and stimulates mucosal growth over the stent. EID is well tolerated, allows early re-alimentation, and it is burdened by fewer complications than others technique. Long-term follow-up confirms good outcomes with no motility or feeding alterations.

[Diabetes and amoebiasis: a high-risk combination]. / Le diabète et l'amibiase: une rencontre a haut risque.

Amoebiasis is the second most common parasitic disease in the world. It occurs mainly in developing countries. Many people in endemic countries are asymptomatic carriers. It results in severe disease that can be fatal in rare cases. The case described in this report illustrates the growing risk of exposure to amoebiasis for diabetic patients as travel to endemic countries becomes more and more frequent. In the patient described here amoebiasis led to amoeboma, a rare complication of the colonic presentation. Despite a clinical disease syndrome mimicking that of an occluding gut tumor, the patient was treated medically with drugs alone. Retrospective studies show that diabetics are at higher risk for severe complications after amoebic infection. Because of the high incidence and severity of concurrent diabetes and amoeba, prophylactic measures are necessary for diabetic patients traveling in developing countries.

[Perianal basal cell carcinoma]. / Carcinome basocellulaire périanal.

INTRODUCTION: The perianal localisation of a basal cell carcinoma is exceptional. Its long term progression and the modalities for its treatment should be known. OBSERVATION: A 66 Year-old man was referred for a non-regressive haemorrhoidal thrombosis. He presented with a painless but hemorrhagic lesion of the anal-cutaneous junction that had not progressed much over 5 Years but which did not heal. Following exeresis and biopsy, the anatomopathological exploration concluded in an ulcerous-nodular basal cell carcinoma. COMMENTS: The treatment of perianal basal cell carcinomas consists in the local exeresis of the tumour. Of good prognosis, the possibility of a local relapse however requires strict follow-up.

Diabetes and Amoebiasis: a high risk encounter.

Amoebiasis is the second most common parasitic disease worldwIde. It occurs mainly in developing countries. A high percentage of people in countries where it is endemic are asymptomatic carriers. It results in severe disease that can be fatal in rare cases. Diabetics are at increased risk of exposure as travel to countries where it is endemic becomes more frequent, as indicated by the present case. This patient suffered from amoebiasis that produced an amoeboma which is most rare in cases of colonic amoebiasis. The clinical picture was that of an occluding gut tumor, but it was treated only with drugs. Retrospective studies show that diabetics are at increased risk of suffering severe complications after amoebic infection. The frequency and severity of this diabetes-amoeba association requires patients to take prophylactic measures, especially when travelling in developing countries.

Early EUS of the bile duct before endoscopic sphincterotomy for acute biliary pancreatitis.

BACKGROUND: Endoscopic sphincterotomy can benefit patients with suspected biliary pancreatitis, although there are procedure-related complications. EUS can be used to select patients for endoscopic sphincterotomy. The results of this strategy were assessed. METHODS: Information on patients referred for EUS were recorded in a database. One hundred twenty-three patients with suspected biliary pancreatitis (57 men, 66 women; median age 55 years) were included and followed. All underwent EUS followed by endoscopic sphincterotomy during the same procedure if choledocholithiasis was identified. Outcomes were studied in relation to the initial severity of biliary pancreatitis (Ranson and Balthazar scores), presence of stones, and time span between onset of biliary pancreatitis and EUS plus endoscopic sphincterotomy. RESULTS: Thirty-five patients (28%) had a Ranson score greater than 3 on admission and 38 (31%) were Balthazar D-E. The median time from admission to EUS was 3 days. EUS imaging of the bile duct was complete in all but 3 patients. Thirty-three patients (27%) had choledocholithiasis on EUS and underwent endoscopic sphincterotomy. Stones were more frequent in patients with jaundice (p < 0.005) and when EUS was performed less than 3 days after admission (p < 0.05). One hundred patients (81%) recovered without complication. Two patients (1.6%) died, 1 had recurrent BP develop, 6 (5%) had further biliary symptoms, and 16 (13%) had complications of pancreatitis develop (9 pseudocysts). There were 3 mild endoscopic sphincterotomy-related complications (complication rate 6.5%). CONCLUSIONS: In this series in which endoscopic sphincterotomy was performed selectively depending on the endosonographic presence or absence of ductal stones early in the course of the pancreatitis, and not according to its predicted severity, mortality and complications of endoscopic sphincterotomy were low and unrelated to the predicted severity of biliary pancreatitis or the presence of choledocholithiasis. Controlled trials are needed to confirm the superiority of this strategy compared with ERCP alone for the management of biliary pancreatitis.

[Leiomyosarcoma of the right ventricle]. / Léiomyosarcome cardiaque du ventricule droit.

A 58-year-old woman has dyspnea and palpitations which reveal a leiomyosarcoma of the right ventricle. The medical imaging shows a lobulated sessile tumor attached to the ventricular septum and the tricuspid valve extending into the pulmonary artery trunk. The resection is performed with a tricuspid valvoplasty. In spite of chemotherapy (epirubicin-cyclophosphamide), relapse is observed with pulmonary metastases 17 months after the surgery. The death becomes on 18 months in congestive heart failure. From this case, the authors make a review of the literature about this exceptional tumour, and talk over the low possibilities of treatment, despite the capacities of the new ways of diagnosis.

[Autoimmune cholangitis successfully treated with corticotherapy. One case]. / Cholangite auto-immune traitée avec succés par corticothérapie. Un cas.

Autoimmune cholangitis is a rare cause of chronic liver disease which has recently been described and associates the clinical, biological, and histological patterns of primary biliary cirrhosis without serum anti-mitochondrial antibodies. We report a case of this disease in a 67-year-old female. The patient presented with jaundice and marked biological cholestasis associated with pulmonary fibrosis and salivary and lacrymal sicca syndrome. Serum anti-smooth muscle antibodies were found without anti-mitochondrial antibodies. Corticotherapy resulted in rapid improvement of clinical and hepatic abnormalities, as well as of pulmonary lesions. The patient was still healthy 18 months later, with low dose corticotherapy. This report emphasizes the possible effectiveness of corticotherapy in autoimmune cholangitis.

[Nasopharyngeal perforation: an exceptional accident during digestive endoscopy]. / Perforation du cavum: un accident exceptionnel d'endoscopie digestive.

A case of an endoscopic nasopharynx perforation is reported. As we known, this accident has never been described. During introduction of a duodenal tube appeared a subcutaneous neck emphysema. Radios revealed pneumomediastinum, pneumoperitonitis and retropneumoperitonitis. Nasofibroscopy affirmed the diagnosis. The too fast death of this 92 years old patient didn't allow an adapted therapeutic.

[Divided pancreas. General review apropos of 6 cases]. / Le pancréas divisum. Revue générale à partir de six observations.

The aim of this work is to perform a general review of pancreas divisum. Six cases are reported. A clinical and therapeutic study is made, successively studying the circumstances of discovery, the morphological and functional studies, and the therapeutic methods. A discussion underlines the learnings and contradictions of the literature about this issue.