ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of neutralizing a 2.5% NaOCl solution on its cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and tissue-dissolving potential. STUDY DESIGN: The cytotoxicity and the genotoxicity of Dakin, a 2.5% NaOCl solution, and a neutralized 2.5% NaOCl solution were assessed according to ISO 10993 standards. The weight of palatal mucosa samples placed in neutralized 2.5% NaOCl, 2.5% NaOCl was recorded over time as well as the pH of the solutions. RESULTS: The neutralized 2.5% NaOCl solution was 10-fold more cytotoxic than the 2.5% NaOCl solution. None of the solutions was genotoxic. The 2.5% NaOCl solution had a better tissue-dissolving capacity than the neutralized 2.5% NaOCl solution. The pH of the 2.5% NaOCl solution and neutralized 2.5% NaOCl solution decreased from 12 to 9 and from 7.5 to 5.6, respectively. CONCLUSION: Neutralizing a 2.5% NaOCl solution increased its cytotoxicity, did not induce any genotoxic effect, and reduced its tissue-dissolving ability.
Subject(s)
Biocompatible Materials/toxicity , Mouth Mucosa/drug effects , Root Canal Irrigants/toxicity , Sodium Bicarbonate/toxicity , Sodium Hypochlorite/toxicity , Animals , DNA Damage , Drug Combinations , Humans , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , L Cells , Lymphocytes/drug effects , Mice , Micronucleus Tests , Sus scrofaABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The aim was to evaluate the shelf life and the dissolving and antibacterial properties of a neutralized 2.5% NaOCl solution. STUDY DESIGN: The loss of available chlorine and the pH of the neutralized 2.5% NaOCl solution were recorded to determine its shelf life. The dissolving action on bovine dental pulp was assessed measuring weight loss, pH variation, and decrease in available chlorine content. The antibacterial activity was evaluated on artificially infected human teeth. The roots were endodontically prepared, sterilized, and inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis before irrigation with the neutralized solution. The presence of intracanal bacteria after irrigation was recorded. RESULTS: The neutralized solution presented a shelf life of 2 hours, dissolving capacities equivalent to control for the first 5 minutes, and a better antibacterial efficiency. CONCLUSION: The neutralized 2.5% NaOCl solution must be used within 2 hours after mixing, should be frequently renewed to maintain its dissolving capacities, and presented enhanced antibacterial properties.
Subject(s)
Anti-Infective Agents, Local/pharmacology , Dental Pulp Cavity/drug effects , Dental Pulp/drug effects , Root Canal Irrigants/pharmacology , Sodium Hypochlorite/pharmacology , Animals , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/chemistry , Cattle , Dental Pulp Cavity/microbiology , Drug Storage , Enterococcus faecalis/drug effects , Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections/drug therapy , Humans , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Root Canal Irrigants/chemistry , Sodium Hypochlorite/chemistry , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Three tinctorial plants were systematically used in Europe in the Middle Ages: Woad, Madder and Weld. Their therapeutic properties were also described by classical authors, least two of them were known on all the continents: woad for blue and madder for red. Modern laboratories have been able to show clearly some therapeutic active principles derived from the indol of woad (Isatis sp.).
