ABSTRACT
Background: Postoperative endodontic pain is an enigma for the dentist. This study aimed to evaluate the analgesic effect of 300 mg gabapentin or 75 mg pregabalin in reducing postoperative endodontic pain compared with a placebo. Methods: Ninety patients who needed root canal treatment with an initial numerical rating scale (NRS) pain score of > 4 (T0) were randomly divided into three groups (n=30). Patients were then administered either 300 mg gabapentin (group A), 75 mg pregabalin (group B), or a placebo (group C) 30 min prior to the start of endodontic treatment. A single operator performed single-visit endodontics, and pain was evaluated immediately after endodontic treatment (T1) and at 4 h (T2), 8 h (T3), 12 h (T4), 24 h (T5), 48 h (T6), and 72 h (T7) using the NRS. Ibuprofen/paracetamol (400 mg/325 mg) was administered as a rescue dose if needed. Results: Pregabalin performed significantly better when compared with gabapentin at all time points except at 72 h after treatment (P=0.170). The placebo group showed significantly higher pain scores than the other two groups. The percentage of pain relief was maximum for pregabalin (92.1%), followed by gabapentin (87.6%) and placebo (69.1%) at 72 h after treatment completion. Conclusion: This study showed that pretreatment with a single dose of pregabalin and gabapentin both had greater analgesic effects than a placebo. They can be effectively used to reduce postoperative endodontic pain.
ABSTRACT
Background and aims: In today's world, everyone is mindful of one's appearance and appreciates aesthetics. Of the various restorative materials available, composites are considered as the most aesthetic with good color stability. This study aims at finding the effect of brushing on the color stability of nanohybrid composite after being immersed in various beverages. Methods: Thirty disk specimens were prepared for each staining solution (N=30), with a total of 90 specimens. The disk specimens for each staining solution were then sub divided into 2 groups (N=15): brushing and non-brushing. After preparation, the specimens were soaked in distilled water for 24 hours in separate containers. Baseline color of the samples was evaluated using spectrophotometer. The samples were then immersed in tea, coffee or water. The groups of samples to be brushed were held in the mold and 20 strokes of brushing using an electronically powered toothbrush were done on each side of the disk sample. The color was re-evaluated after a period of 14 days. Results: When comparing among the three beverages, tea showed the highest ΔE*ab indicating greatest discoloration when compared to coffee and water. This can be graded as tea > coffee > water. However, statistically there was no significant difference between tea and coffee. When compared within tea, coffee, or water specimens the non-brushed specimens showed greater discoloration compared to the brushed specimens both clinically and statistically. Conclusion: When immersing the specimens in the solutions, tea showed more color change compared to coffee, making the specimens clinically unacceptable. However, brushing the specimens reduced the discoloration when compared to non-brushing, making the coffee specimens clinically acceptable.
ABSTRACT
We present a case of confusing white foreign body in the nasal cavity detected during Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (ESS) in a 35-yr-old male which turned out to be a malposition of classic laryngeal mask airway (LMA). Although malposition of LMA is a known entity to the anesthesiologist, if ventilation is adequate, back folded LMA in nasal cavity might not be recognized by the surgeon and lead to catastrophic consequences during endoscopic sinus surgery. In principle, misfolding and malpositioning can be reduced by pre usage testing, using appropriate sizes, minimizing cuff volume, and early identification and correction of malposition.
