[Paraneoplastic chorea and behavioral disorders in a patient with anti-CV2/CRMP5 antibodies and two different tumors]. / Chorée paranéoplasique et troubles du comportement chez un patient présentant des anticorps anti-CV2/CRMP5 et deux cancers différents.

INTRODUCTION: Paraneoplastic movement disorders are rare. Reported cases frequently describe association with anti-CV2/CRMP5 antibodies. CASE REPORT: We report a case of an 80-year-old man who developed sensorial neuronopathy, following by movement disorders mimicking chorea and obsessive-compulsive and behavioral disorders. These manifestations were first considered to be associated with a prostatic adenocarcinoma but PET and surgical biopsy revealed a mediastinal small cell lung carcinoma classically associated with anti-CV2/CRMP5 antibodies. CONCLUSION: This case demonstrates that in a context of paraneoplastic neurological syndrome, search for a classically associated cancer is necessary in order to institute adapted treatment early, even if another tumor is obvious.

[Motor symptomatology of the thalamus]. / Séméiologie motrice du thalamus.

Muscular deficit, voluntary movement disorders, abnormal movements, and global disturbance of movements are considered. A muscular deficit is part of the Dejerine-Roussy syndrome. It appears as hemiparesis, regressive within days or weeks. A juxta-thalamic capsular involvement can be considered as the origin of this deficit in most cases, especially in hemorrhagic processes even if these are located within the thalamus, on account of mass effect. The occurrence of paresis or paralysis in ischemic processes strictly situated in the thalamus, however, is discussed: the deficit may be limited to parts of limbs; most often, it is not associated with pyramidal symptomatology; recovery is observed in the hand before the inferior limb. To these anatomoclinical facts some data from animal experiments or thalamic stereotaxic surgical procedures in humans must be added. A deafferentiation from the cortex seems to be the main cause of these motor disturbances. Three types of voluntary movement disorders may be encountered: contralateral cerebellar incoordination due to the involvement of the nucleus ventrooralis posterior where the superior cerebellar peduncle ends; homolateral imitative syncinesias, not confined to thalamic lesions, but frequently observed in this location with a particular aspect; contracture. Abnormal movements include choreoathetosic movements, and exceptionally intention and action tremor, and asterixis. They primarily involve the superior limb, but reported cases are not associated with thalamic limited lesions. Global disturbance of movements is observed in the hand or gait. "Thalamic hand" consists of incessant finger movements in the vertical and horizontal planes. They are associated with thalamic dystonia and deep sensibility disorder.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Spontaneous dissecting aneurysms of the internal carotid and vertebral arteries--two case reports.

Two patients had acute spontaneous dissection of both internal carotid arteries and of one or both vertebral arteries. One had angiographic signs suggestive of fibro-muscular dysplasia and both were on oral contraceptives. They were treated with high dose heparin and made a good clinical recovery. A digital intravenous angiography performed two to three months later showed a complete recanalization of arteries involved. These patients are similar to those reported as "idiopathic regressing arteriopathy" and "reversible angiopathy" which probably correspond to the same entity.

[55Co]- and [64Cu]DTPA: new radiopharmaceuticals for quantitative tomocisternography.

The diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) complexes of the convenient half-life positron emitters 55Co and 64Cu have been prepared for quantitation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) kinetics in different areas of the brain using positron emission tomography. The radionuclides are prepared by proton bombardment of natural nickel (58Ni(p, alpha)55 Co and 64Ni (p,n)64Cu reactions). The chemical separation of the radionuclides from the target is described, and the production yields, radionuclidic purities and specific activities are given.

[Muscular hypertrophy in clinical neurology (author's transl)]. / L'hypertrophie musculaire en clinique neurologique.

The authors begin this general review with the pseudohypertrophies due either to an underlying extramuscular process, or to a focal lesion within the muscle, or else to miscellaneous interstitial infiltrates such as those found in cysticercosis, sarcoidosis, amylosis. True hypertrophy is most often observed in the course of muscular dystrophy. It is an usual finding in myopathies, and the prominent symptom of Thomsen disease ; it is the only symptom of hypertrophia musculorum vera and masseters hypertrophy ; it is associated with a peculiar deficit in the "Hereditary Distal Myopathy with Onset in Infancy"; it is a classical symptom of some endocrine myopathies (hypothyroidism and acromegaly). Paradoxically, true hypertrophy may, though very rarely, be encountered in the course of nervous system diseases, most often of the neuritic type : sciatica, hypertrophic neuritis, progressive spinal muscular atrophy. The mechanism of this very unusual muscular reaction remains unknown.

[Neuropsychiatric disorders in systemic lupus erythematosus: a general review (author's transl)]. / Manifestations neuropsychiatriques du lupus érythémateux disséminé.

Nervous system involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus is frequent. Psychiatric manifestations, seizures, headaches are most often observed. Movement disorders, hemiparesis, aseptic meningitis occur more rarely. Myelitis is exceptional as is peripheral nerve involvement. CT Scan shows cerebral atrophy and sometimes hemorrhages or ischemic lesions. Pathological examination usually demonstrates cortical microinfarcts, hemorrhage and meningitis, but lesions are not always found. In these case the cause of the neuropsychiatric disorder is unknown: a transitory vascular or immune mechanism has been proposed. Corticotherapy is effective in the majority of cases, but can be occasionally responsible for an exacerbation of neuropsychiatric symptoms.

[Giant aneurysm of the intracavernous carotid, complicated by subarachnoid haemorrhage. Emergency treatment by occlusive balloon and thrombosis in situ (author's transl)]. / Anévrisme géant de la carotide intracaverneuse compliqué d'hémorragie méningée. Traitement en urgence par ballonnet occlusif et thrombose in situ.

A 15-year-old adolescent developed a painful ophtalmoplegia and a subarachnoid haemorrhage secondary to fissuration of a giant intracavernous aneurysm. The choice of therapeutic abstention was not retained due to the dissuration. The site excluded any direct approach and ligation of the common carotid was not adopted because of its complications. The method chosen consisted of in situ coagulation of the aneurysmal sac, induced by injection of thrombin after occlusion of the internal carotid by a double-lumen balloon catheter. In case of emergency and when direct approach is impossible, this technique may be useful on the condition of close cooperation between clinicans and radiologists.

[Anton-Babinski syndrome with recognition of the left upper limb on visualization in a mirror [author's transl)]. / Syndrome d'Anton-Babinski avec reconnaissance du membre supérieur gauche lors de sa vision dans un miroir.

A patient presenting with an Anton-Babinski syndrome accompanied by a delusional conviction recognised her left upper limb with the aid of her right hand, but immediately denied its existence when she viewed it directly. In contrast, when placed in front of a mirror, she recognised this upper limb perfectly, recognition disappearing again when direct vision was associated with vision in the mirror. The authors suggest the possibility of a resurgence in adult life of the duality of the visual body image, direct or reflected, such as is normally experienced in childhood and, more prolonged, in identical twins.

[Syncope and transitory amaurosis during mastocytosis]. / Syncope et amaurose transitoire au cours d'une mastocytose.

In a 70-year old man who has been suffering for 20 years from mastocytosis, a syncope followed by a transitory amaurosis occured. Neurological complications of mastocytosis are exceptionnal. Syncope is the most frequent, secondary to a drop in arterial pressure due to an inappropriate discharge of histamin.

[Evaluation of radiologic criteria in rheumatoid arthritis]. / Evaluation des critères radiologiques de l'arthrite rhumatoïde

The authors compared the hand Xrays of 53 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (AR) with those of 53 control subjects matched for age and s. x. Each AR patient conformed to the New York clinical criteria. Assesment was carried out on Xrays of both hands, search being made for erosions, geodes, and joint narrowing, the severity being graduated from 0 to 4, according to data from the international Atlas of Radiology. The sensitivity, sepcificity and severity of each of these abnormalities was studied joint by joint (18 for the hand). Analysis of the results shows that study of all 18 joints in the hand is not useful; account may be taken only of the first three metacarpo-phalangeal joints, the carpo-metacarpal joints and the radio-carpal joint. The proximal interphalangeal joints, contrary to the most commonly held opinion, are more a source of errors than of diagnosis. Erosion is the most specific sign, especially if one is only considering the characteristic sites. With a specificity of the order of 98 per cent, this abnormality has sufficient weight to counteract the very low incidence of the disease in a population in comparison with degenerative disorders. Geodes should be studied more by their severity than by their frequency; this is high in the controls, which diminishes their specificity (45 for the wrist, 62 for the first carpo-metacarpal, and 75 for the first metacarpo-phalangeal joint). Joint narrowing is a difficult sign to read and its value is all at the radiocarpal and carpal joints.