[The use of citoflavin in neonatology and pediatrics as a factor improving therapeutic efficacy in patients with central nervous system lesions of various etiology]. / Primenenie preparata tsitoflavin v neonatologii i pediatrii kak faktor povysheniia éffektivnosti terapii patsientov s porazheniem tsentral'noi nervnoi sistemy razlichnoi étiologii.

Possibilities of increasing the therapeutic efficacy in patients with perinatal central nervous system (CNS) lesions of hypoxic-ischemic and infectious etiology are considered. Some questions of pathophysiological features of hypoxic-ischemic CNS disorders in newborns and their connection with further cascade of pathological changes in organs and systems are highlighted. In this light, the authors substantiate the need for adequate and effective neuro- (cerebro-) protection by the timely antioxidant energy correction and antihypoxic therapy with cytoflavin. The use of cytoflavin is justified in terms of efficacy and safety and can be recommended for use in practical health care in neonatology and pediatrics.

[Basal ganglia calcification: clinical manifestations and diagnostic evaluation].

Physiological intracranial calcification occurs in about 0,3-1,5% of cases. It is asymptomatic and is detected incidentally by neuroimaging. Pathological basal ganglia calcification is due to various causes, such as: metabolic disorders, infectious and genetic diseases and other. Hypoparathyroidism and pseudohypoparathyroidism are the most common causes of pathological basal ganglia calcification. Besides tetany and seizures this condition is presented by parkinsonism and dementia. Such parkinsonism doesn't respond to drugs containing levodopha. Infections (toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, cysticercosis, AIDS) give multiple and asymmetric intracranial calcification. Inherited and neurodegenerative diseases cause symmetrical, bilateral basal ganglia calcification which is not related to metabolic disorders (blood calcium level and other), those are: Cockayne syndrome, tuberous sclerosis, Fahr's syndrome, Down syndrome and other. We observed some cases of basal ganglia calcification and studied clinical manifestations and treatment tolerance of this pathological condition. Since adequate treatment of hypoparathyroidism may lead to marked clinical improvement, serum concentration of calcium, phosphorus, and parathyreoid hormone is suggested to be determined in all individuals with calcification of the basal ganglia to rule out hypoparathyroidism. Basal ganglia calcification in young patient with acute hepatitis may be result of Wilson disease.

[Clinical, structural-functional and haemodynamic correlates of cerebral venous blood circulation disturbances].

Difficulties of liquor circulation as a result of cerebrospinal fluid absorption and venous drainage of the entire intracranial space, in particular in the presence of venous system abnormalities in the forms of hypoplasia or aplasia of venous sinuses, play an essentiale role in cerebral venous dyscirculation. The symmetric character of hydrocephaly in chronic insufficiency of cerebral blood circulation and strong dependence of chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency on passive congestion suggest that the latter is characteristic of the blood supply system in whole. The MPI analysis of 120 patients revealed signs of cerebral ischemic lesions in 72% of cases, i.e. dilatation of liquor-containing spaces, multiple lacunar infarctions, especially in deep brain regions, diffusive changes of the periventricular white matter etc. Low indices of the blood flow increase during antiorthostatic loading, a trend towards decreasing of PI parameters and difficulty of blood flow in conditional insonation of intracranial veins in cases of "pseudotumorous syndrome" in patients with clinical signs of passive congestion. Venous dilatation of convexital brain areas and intensification of contrasting of direct sinus and vein of Galen were observed in venous infarctions.

[Hemodynamic characteristics of intracranial arteries and veins in chronic disturbances of blood circulation in vertebro-basilar system].

The study aimed at assessing functional state of cerebral hemodynamic in chronic disturbances of blood circulation in vertebro-basilar system using the data of neurological examination and radiological diagnostics received from the databases of Neurology Department of Central Clinic of Tbilisi State Medical University and Research Institute of Medical Radiology. The neurological data for 220 patients with cerebral vascular pathology (98 women, 132 men; mean age 62.2 +/- 10.5 years) have been compared to structural-functional changes of the brain and with hemodynamic parameters. The uniformed complex approach included a dynamic clinical analysis of the brain using methods of transcranial dopplerography, MRI, spiral CT and CT/MR/angiography.

[Treatment and prevention of thrombophlebitis of the leg in obstetric and gynecologic practice]. / Lechenie and profilaktika tromboza ven nizhnikh konechnostei v akusherskoi i ginekologicheskoi praktike.

The paper deals with results of conservative treatment have been examined in 76 women with acute ileofemoral thrombosis in the age range of 18 to 60 years following complicated deliveries and gynecological surgeries. Schemes for prevention and management were proposed.