ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Infected joint replacements can be treated with gentamicin-containing materials for implantation. This may lead to side effects, especially in patients with impaired renal function. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 74-year-old woman underwent two surgeries for an acutely infected hip replacement. Gentamicin sponges (Garacol) were implanted during both interventions. The day after the second operation, her serum gentamicin levels had risen to toxic values. This confirmed the suspicion that she had a kidney impairment which was probably caused by the implanted gentamicin-containing sponges. In order to limit kidney damage, the patient received continuous venovenous haemodiafiltration (CVVHD). Outpatient check-up 3 months later found that the creatinine levels in the serum of the patient had normalised. CONCLUSION: Locally administered gentamicin sponges for implantation can cause therapeutic serum levels leading to systemic side effects. It is advisable to check kidney function before using the sponges. If this is reduced, it is recommended to be cautious when using these sponges for implantation. In case of toxic elevated values, CVVHD can limit kidney damage - which is reversible, given time - by accelerating gentamicin excretion.
