ABSTRACT
This experimental study aimed to evaluate the antiviral and synergistic effects of photoenergy irradiation on human herpes simplex virus type I (HSV-1) infection. We assessed viral replication, plaque formation, and relevant viral gene expression to examine the antiviral and synergistic effects of blue light (BL) with acyclovir treatment. Our results showed that daily BL (10 J/cm2) irradiation inhibited plaque-forming ability and decreased viral copy numbers in HSV-1-infected monkey kidney epithelial Vero cells and primary human oral keratinocyte (HOK) cells. Combined treatment with the antiviral agent acyclovir and BL irradiation increased anti-viral activity, reducing viral titers and copy numbers. In particular, accumulated BL irradiation suppressed characteristic viral genes including UL19 and US6, and viral DNA replication-essential genes including UL9, UL30, UL42, and UL52 in HOK cells. Our results suggest that BL irradiation has anti-viral and synergistic properties, making it a promising therapeutic candidate for suppressing viral infections in clinical trials.
Subject(s)
Acyclovir , Antiviral Agents , Herpesvirus 1, Human , Virus Replication , Antiviral Agents/pharmacology , Animals , Herpesvirus 1, Human/drug effects , Herpesvirus 1, Human/radiation effects , Herpesvirus 1, Human/physiology , Herpesvirus 1, Human/genetics , Chlorocebus aethiops , Vero Cells , Humans , Virus Replication/drug effects , Virus Replication/radiation effects , Acyclovir/pharmacology , Light , Herpes Simplex/virology , Herpes Simplex/drug therapy , Keratinocytes/virology , Keratinocytes/radiation effects , Keratinocytes/drug effects , Viral Plaque AssayABSTRACT
Curcumin, a natural bioactive polyphenol with diverse molecular targets, is well known for its anti-oxidation and anti-inflammatory potential. However, curcumin exhibits low solubility (<1 µg mL-1), poor tissue-targeting ability, and rapid oxidative degradation, resulting in poor bioavailability and stability for inflammatory therapy. Here, poly(diselenide-oxalate-curcumin) nanoparticle (SeOC-NP) with dual-reactive oxygen species (ROS) sensitive chemical moieties (diselenide and peroxalate ester bonds) is fabricated by a one-step synthetic strategy. The results confirmed that dual-ROS sensitive chemical moieties endowed SeOC-NP with the ability of targeted delivery of curcumin and significantly suppress oxidative degradation of curcumin for high-efficiency inflammatory therapy. In detail, the degradation amount of curcumin for SeOC is about 4-fold lower than that of free curcumin in an oxidative microenvironment. As a result, SeOC-NP significantly enhanced the antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory efficacy of curcumin in vitro analysis by scavenging intracellular ROS and suppressing the secretion of nitric oxide and pro-inflammatory cytokines. In mouse colitis models, orally administered SeOC-NP can remarkably alleviate the symptoms of IBD and maintain the homeostasis of gut microbiota. This work provided a simple and effective strategy to fabricate ROS-responsive micellar and enhance the oxidation stability of medicine for precise therapeutic inflammation.
