ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The effectiveness of bowel cleansing is a key element for high-quality colonoscopy. Recently, a 1â¯L polyethylene glycol plus ascorbate (PEG-ASC) solution has been introduced, but effectiveness and safety of this preparation have not been assessed in IBD patients. This study aims to evaluate effectiveness and safety of 1â¯L PEG-ASC solution in patients with IBD compared to controls. METHODS: We retrospectively analysed prospectively collected data on a cohort of 411 patients performing a colonoscopy after preparation with 1â¯L PEG-ASC, consecutively enrolled in 5 Italian centres. RESULTS: Overall, 185/411 (45%) were patients with IBD and 226/411 (55%) served as controls. A significantly higher cleansing success was achieved in IBD patients (92.9% vs 85.4%, pâ¯=â¯0.02). The multiple regression model showed that presence of IBD (OR=2.514, 95%CI=1.165-5.426; Pâ¯=â¯0.019), lower age (OR=0.981, 95%CI=0.967-0.996; Pâ¯=â¯0.014), split preparation (OR=2.430, 95%CI=1.076-5.492; Pâ¯=â¯0.033), absence of diabetes (OR=2.848, 95%CI=1.228-6.605; Pâ¯=â¯0.015), and of chronic constipation (OR=3.350, 95%CI=1.429-7.852; Pâ¯=â¯0.005), were independently associated with cleansing success. The number of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) (51â¯vs 62%, pâ¯=â¯0.821), and of patients with TEAEs (22.2% vs 21.2%, pâ¯=â¯0.821), were similar in IBD patients and in controls, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Results from this study support the effectiveness and safety of 1â¯L PEG-ASC solution in IBD patients, which may improve the definition of endoscopic outcomes both in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Subject(s)
Ascorbic Acid/analogs & derivatives , Cathartics/administration & dosage , Colitis, Ulcerative/complications , Colonoscopy/methods , Crohn Disease/complications , Phosphatidylethanolamines/administration & dosage , Adult , Ascorbic Acid/administration & dosage , Ascorbic Acid/adverse effects , Cathartics/adverse effects , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Phosphatidylethanolamines/adverse effects , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
We have previously demonstrated that neuropeptide-EI, at high doses, stimulates the production of cAMP, in caudate putamen, through the activation of adenylate cyclase coupled to specific D1 receptors. The aim of the present work was to find evidences for a probable interaction between this neuropeptide and the dopamine D1 receptor in the mammalian central nervous system. The present data show that neuropeptide-EI, at high concentrations, affected both the maximum binding and the apparent affinity of [n-methyl-3H] (R)-(+)-8 chloro-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-methyl-5-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepin-7-ol hemimaleate to the dopamine D1 receptor in a concentration-dependent manner.
Subject(s)
Benzazepines/metabolism , Corpus Striatum/metabolism , Dopamine Antagonists/metabolism , Oligopeptides/pharmacology , Receptors, Dopamine D1/metabolism , Animals , Binding, Competitive/drug effects , Male , Membranes/metabolism , Osmolar Concentration , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Synaptosomes/metabolism , TritiumABSTRACT
The authors compared the results obtained by using antibiotic therapy, vaccine, thymomodulin (a calf thymus acid lysate) and association of vaccine-thymomodulin in order to prevent acute infectious episodes in a group of 85 patients suffering with recurrent respiratory infections. The use of thymomodulin, alone and in association with vaccine, at the dose of 120 mg/die for 20 days/month during the period of observation (4 months), determined a higher reduction, (p less than 0.001) if compared with the other treatments, of the number and the duration of infectious episodes and moreover of the antibiotics' intake. Also the respiratory symptoms, and in particular the fits of coughing, showed an improvement. The pulmonary function indices and the laboratory parameters were unchanged in all groups studied.
