Long-term consequences of a prolonged febrile seizure in a dual pathology model.

Clinical evidence suggests that febrile status epilepticus (SE) in children can lead to acute hippocampal injury and subsequent temporal lobe epilepsy. The contribution of febrile SE to the mechanisms underlying temporal lobe epilepsy are however poorly understood. A rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy following hyperthermic SE was previously established in our laboratory, wherein a focal cortical lesion induced at postnatal day 1 (P1), followed by a hyperthermic SE (more than 30 min) at P10, leads to hippocampal atrophy at P22 (dual pathology model) and spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRS) with mild visuospatial memory deficits in adult rats. The goal of this study was to identify the long term electrophysiological, anatomical and molecular changes in this model. Following hyperthermic SE, all cortically lesioned pups developed progressive SRS as adults, characterized by the onset of highly rhythmic activity in the hippocampus. A reduction of hippocampal volume on the side of the lesion preceded the SRS and was associated with a loss of hippocampal neurons, a marked decrease in pyramidal cell spine density, an increase in the hippocampal levels of NMDA receptor NR2A subunit, but no significant change in GABA receptors. These findings suggest that febrile SE in the abnormal brain leads to hippocampal injury that is followed by progressive network reorganization and molecular changes that contribute to the epileptogenesis as well as the observed memory deficits.

Up-regulation of kinin B1 receptor in the lung of streptozotocin-diabetic rat: autoradiographic and functional evidence.

1 The function and autoradiographic binding expression of kinin B(1) receptors were evaluated in the lungs of Streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats. 2 The intrapleural injection (i.pl.) of des-Arg(9)-bradykinin (des-Arg(9)-BK) (50 and 100 nmol per site), a selective B(1) receptor agonist, increased time-dependently the mononuclear and neutrophil cells influx in the pleural cavity of rats treated with STZ (65 mg kg(-1), i.p., 4 days earlier). This effect was significantly less in control rats. 3 The influx of mononuclear and polymorphonuclear neutrophil cells induced by des-Arg(9)-BK was significantly inhibited by two B(1) receptor antagonists (des-Arg(10)-Hoe140 or R-715, 100 nmol per site, 5 min earlier), but not by two B(2) receptor antagonists (Hoe140, 10 nmol or NPC 18884, 100 nmol per site, 5 min earlier). However, Hoe140 prevented the higher basal leukocyte influx seen in STZ-diabetic rats. 4 Leukocyte infiltration induced by des-Arg(9)-BK in STZ-diabetic rats was significantly reduced after treatment with insulin (2 U per day, s.c. over 4 days) or with an anti-PMN antibody (0.1 ml of a 1 : 20 dilution, i.pl. 5 min earlier). 5 Specific B(1) receptor binding sites were seen in lung sections from both control and STZ-diabetic rats, yet the density of labelling was much greater in diabetic rats and particularly after intrapleural injection of des-Arg(9)-BK. Treatment with insulin or with the anti-PMN antibody markedly reduced B(1) receptor binding sites occurring after the injection of des-Arg(9)-BK in STZ-diabetic rats. 6 Data suggest that the B(1) receptor is up-regulated in the lungs of STZ-diabetic rats, and its activation increases leukocyte infiltration into the pleural cavity. The overexpression of B(1) receptors seems to depend on neutrophils influx and appears to be associated with hyperglycaemia.

Identificação de amostras comerciais de raiz de taiuiá como Wilbrandia ebracteata Cogn / Identification of commercial samples of taiuia-roots as Wilbrandia ebracteata Cogn

A droga vegetal Taiuiá é comercializada pela indústria farmacêutica do Rio Grande do Sul como sendo proveniente de Cayaponia tayuy. (Veil.) Cogn. A análise cromatográfica de duas amostras comerciais fornecidas pela indústria mostrou-se tratar-se de Wilbrandia ebracteat. Cogn.

The vegetable drug Taiuia is used by the pharmaceutical industries of the state Rio Grande do Sul and the original plant is assigned to Coyaponia tayuya (Vell.) Cogn. The chromatographic analysis of two commercial samples supplied by the industry showed to be Wilbrandia ebracteata Cogn.

O controle de qualidade de insumos vegetais e fitoterápicos na Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul / Quality control of plant drugs in the Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul

Säo relatadas as análises de insumos vegetais e preparaçöes fitoterápicas efetuadas no Setor de Controle de Qualidade da Faculdade de Farmácia no período 1984-1986. Os resultados obtidos säo discutidos em relaçäo ao desenvolvimento de controle de qualidade na indústria