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Cir. Esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 78(5): 312-317, nov. 2005. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-041648

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Describir los efectos adversos en la apendicectomía por apendicitis aguda y analizar las asociaciones entre estos resultados y determinadas características del paciente y del ingreso hospitalario. Material y métodos. Cohorte de 792 pacientes intervenidos de apendicitis aguda en la que se registraron prospectivamente las complicaciones postoperatorias, las reintervenciones y los fallecimientos, y se identificaron retrospectivamente los reingresos. Se utilizó una regresión logística para valorar las asociaciones entre complicaciones y características de los pacientes y del ingreso. Resultados. El 9,8% de los pacientes desarrolló alguna complicación posquirúrgica (infección de herida, 4,2%; complicaciones intraabdominales, 2,1%). El 0,7% requirió reintervención durante el ingreso, el 0,5% precisó ingreso en la UCI y 5 pacientes (0,6%) fallecieron. El 3,2% reingresó en el servicio de cirugía en el año siguiente de la intervención, por un problema relacionado con la cirugía previa. Los casos complicados tuvieron una estancia mayor que los no complicados (9,6 frente a 3,5 días). Las complicaciones posquirúrgicas se asociaron a una mayor edad (45-65 años: odds ratio = 3,62; p 65 años: odds ratio = 8,68; p < 0,001) y a la apendicitis complicada con perforación/peritonitis (odds ratio = 3,69; p < 0,005). El reingreso relacionado con la intervención previa sólo se asoció a la presencia de complicaciones durante el ingreso (odds ratio = 18,79; p < 0,001). Conclusiones. En la apendicectomía, los efectos adversos más relevantes son la infección de la herida y el absceso intraperitoneal, que se relacionan con la mayor edad de los pacientes y con la apendicitis perforada. Este subgrupo de alto riesgo debe alertar al cirujano a extremar la vigilancia en el proceso de atención hospitalaria (AU)


Objectives. To describe adverse outcomes after appendectomy for acute appendicitis and to analyze the association between these outcomes and specific characteristics of the patient and hospital admission. Material and methods. We studied a cohort of 792 patients who underwent appendectomy for acute appendicitis. Postoperative complications, reoperations and deaths were prospectively studied and all readmissions were retrospectively identified. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the relationship between complications and patient characteristics, as well as hospital admission. Results. Postsurgical complications developed in 9.8% of the patients. These complications mainly consisted of surgical wound infection (4.2%) and intra-abdominal complications (2.1%). A total of 0.7% of patients underwent reoperation during admission, 0.5% were admitted to the intensive care unit and five patients (0.6%) died in hospital. The rate of operation-related readmissions in the following year was 3.2%. Length of hospital stay was longer in patients with complications than in those without complications (9.6 and 3.5 days, respectively). Postoperative complications were associated with older age (45-65 years, OR 3.62, p < 0.001; more than 65 years OR 8.68, p < 0.001) and acute appendicitis complicated with peritonitis or perforation (OR 3.69, p < 0.005). Readmissions related to previous surgery were associated only with complications during the first admission (OR 18.79, p < 0.001). Conclusions. In appendectomy, the most frequent adverse outcomes are surgical wound infection and intra-abdominal complications, which are associated with older patients and perforations. This subgroup of patients at high risk requires closer surveillance (AU)


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Adult , Adolescent , Humans , Appendicitis/complications , Appendicitis/surgery , Appendectomy/adverse effects , Postoperative Complications/diagnosis , Postoperative Complications/surgery , Logistic Models , Comorbidity , Appendicitis/epidemiology , Prospective Studies , Retrospective Studies , Appendicitis/mortality
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